8.L.2.1 Biotechnology

Which best describes the impact that the Human Genome Project (HGP) has had on society? a. It has helped scientists determine that certain genes can cause diseases b. It has led to discrimination against genetically flawed individuals c. It has led to the appearance of new diseases d. It has cost society billions of dollars without any major benefits

a. It has helped scientists determine that certain genes can cause diseases

North Carolina has over 400 biotechnology companies. How would the economy most likely change if that number were reduced by half? a. The economy would decline because of job loss. b. The economy would suffer as funding for research decreases. c. The economy would increase due to an increase in production. d. The economy would improve when the government offers assistance.

a. The economy would decline because of job loss.

The structure of DNA is very important to its functioning. Why is this true? a. The sequence of nucleotide bases codes for an organism's specific traits. b. The sequence of amino acid bases codes for an organism's specific traits. c. The double helix determines the type of organism it will be d. The double helix allows organisms to adapt

a. The sequence of nucleotide bases codes for an organism's specific traits.

Genetic engineering has directly increased productivity in which U.S. industry? a. agriculture b. automobile c. media d. none of the above

a. agriculture

Using bacteria to clean up oil spills. a. bioremediation b. biofuels c. food/consumer goods d. medicine

a. bioremediation

The entire collection of genes within human cells is referred to as the ______. a. human genome b. karyotype c. pedigree d. gene map

a. human genome

Which is a use of genetically engineered bacteria? a. making human insulin b. DNA fingerprint for blood left at a crime scene c. producing corn that is resistant to herbicides

a. making human insulin

Which are most closely related to biotechnology? a. medicine and agriculture b. construction and engineering c. water treatment and electricity generation d. communication and information technology

a. medicine and agriculture

What biotechnology process created Dolly the sheep? a. Selective Breeding b. Cloning c. Genetic Engineering d. Gene Therapy

b. Cloning

the creation of genetically identical organisms a. Bioremediation b. Cloning c. Gene Therapy d. Tissue Culturing

b. Cloning

Which best describes the role of DNA? a. Provides genetic information for all living and nonliving organisms b. Provides genetic information for all living organisms c. Produces carbohydrates for cellular functions d. Acts as cellular energy

b. Provides genetic information for all living organisms

Bacteria cells can be used to produce insulin for the treatment of diabetes in humans. Which best explains how the bacteria cells are able to produce insulin for humans? a. The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing insulin. b. The bacteria have been genetically engineered to contain the DNA needed to produce insulin. c. The bacteria have been exposed to radioactivity to create mutant strains capable of producing insulin. d. The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing sugar; the bacteria produce insulin in response to the sugar.

b. The bacteria have been genetically engineered to contain the DNA needed to produce insulin.

Which is a concern of scientists when genetically modifying plants? a. Plants will pass on diseases to animals. b. There will be a decrease in biodiversity. c. Plants will have a longer growing season. d. There will be a decrease in revenue for pesticide manufacturers.

b. There will be a decrease in biodiversity.

Which is an application of genetic engineering? a. destroying all bacteria b. creating insulin c. producing cells from nonliving material d. preventing weeds from spreading to farmland

b. creating insulin

Which application of biotechnology is of greatest economic benefit to North Carolina? a. development of livestock that are more domesticated b. development of livestock that produce higher quality meat c. development of crops that can be grown in extremely dry environments d. development of crops that can be grown in extremely low temperatures

b. development of livestock that produce higher quality meat

The Human Genome Project has made diagnosing genetic disorders easier.Once a genetic disorder is diagnosed, ____ can be used as a possible treatment. a. cell cultures b. gene therapy c. DNA fingerprinting d. PCR

b. gene therapy

BASF Plant Science in Research Triangle Park has the focus of __________________. a. using enzymes to create new foods b. genetically engineering crops to feed the world c. producing biopharmaceuticals c. using traditional biotechnology to solve problems

b. genetically engineering crops to feed the world

Which area of biotechnology would most likely create ethical issues within human society? a. insulin production by bacteria b. organ cloning for use in transplants c. genetic engineering to improve agricultural yields d. DNA and forensic testing of crime scene evidence

b. organ cloning for use in transplants

Which use of biotechnology most benefits North Carolina agriculture? a. producing human vaccines b. producing disease resistant crops c. producing new medicines from bacteria d. producing enzymes to eliminate pollutants

b. producing disease resistant crops

A gene that comes from the different organism to make a GMO can best be described as... (ex: gene from corn placed into a tomato plant) a. cisgenic b. transgenic

b. transgenic

Which is an example of an asexual process? a. A cat has a litter of kittens b. Plants are cross pollinated c. A bacterial cell splits in half to make a new identical cell d. Two humans have a baby

c. A bacterial cell splits in half to make a new identical cell

Which is the best example of a transgenic organism? a. A cloned sheep b. A newborn baby c. A human insulin-producing bacterial cell d. A virus

c. A human insulin-producing bacterial cell

Which is a career that would use microorganisms to remove pollutants from water? a. medical specialist b. DNA fingerprint specialist c. Environmental Protection Agency specialist d. Center for Disease Control

c. Environmental Protection Agency specialist

GMO stands for a. Genetically Made Organism b. Growing More Organisms c. Genetically Modified Organism d. Growing Many Organisms

c. Genetically Modified Organism

Which of the following careers are associated with biotechnology? a. life guard b. fire fighter c. agriculture research d. none of the above

c. agriculture research

Which is a way the agricultural biotechnology industry could have a positive impact on the environment? a. by producing crops that are virus resistant b. by making robots to replace large farm machines c. by reducing the need for countries to import food. d. by increasing the use of wind farms that produce electricity

c. by reducing the need for countries to import food.

Which is a genetic engineering advancement directly related to a career in biotechnology? a. improving solar energy collection b. transporting textiles at higher rates c. creating crop foods that resist insect pests d. repairing historical sites with quality materials

c. creating crop foods that resist insect pests

Which project is most likely to interest a scientist working at a biotechnology company? a. study and reconstruction of fossilized bones b. conservation of key species within ecosystems. c. development of genetically modified corn plants. d. prevention of sewage leaking into water supplies.

c. development of genetically modified corn plants.

____ are produced when DNA from another species is inserted into the genome of an organism, which then begins to produce the protein encoded on the recombinant DNA. a. vectors b. plasmids c. transgenic organisms d. gene guns

c. transgenic organisms

All of the following are advantages of GMO's except a. pest resistant crops b. more nutritional foods c. unknown long term health effects d. creating more human insulin

c. unknown long term health effects

The main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP) was to: a. Identify the unique parts of each person's DNA. b. Identify genes responsible for human diseases. c. Identify genes responsible for human behavior. d. Determine the entire sequence of human DNA.

d. Determine the entire sequence of human DNA.

Which field would most likely NOT incorporate biotechnology? a. Agriculture b. Genetics c. Medicine d. Mining

d. Mining

Which was most likely the earliest way biotechnology was studied by humans? a. finding evidence of crimes b. making new medicines to cure sicknesses c. discovering the cause of hereditary diseases d. breeding better varieties of crops and livestock

d. breeding better varieties of crops and livestock

One of the purposes of Novozymes, the biotech company in NC, is ________________________________. a. creating crops resistant to insects b. making vaccines from tobacco leaves c. preventing deforestation d. creating biofuels from waste paper and cardboard to reduce oil consumption

d. creating biofuels from waste paper and cardboard to reduce oil consumption

A company that creates hair dye would most likely employ a bio-technician for which job? a. researching trends b. developing new colors c. creating cost effective packaging d. developing a product that will be safe for consumers

d. developing a product that will be safe for consumers

An application of using DNA technology to help environmental scientists would be ___. a. use PCR to analyze DNA at a crime scene b. create a tobacco plant that glows in the dark c. clone the gene for human growth hormone to treat pituitary dwarfism d. make transgenic bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills more quickly than do the natural bacteria

d. make transgenic bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills more quickly than do the natural bacteria