#9 - Anatomical Movements (Pgs. 39-40)
FLEXION:
movement resulting in a decrease of a joint angle
ADDUCTION:
movement toward or beyond the midline of the body
PENNIFORM:
muscles having fibers arranged DIAGONAL to the direction of pull; from Latin for "feather" or "wing."
FUSIFORM:
muscles having parallel fibers running longitudinally (the length of the muscle)
POSTERIOR (DORSAL):
nearer to or at the back of the body
PROXIMAL:
nearer to the attachment of an extremity to the trunk or structure; nearer to the point of origin
ANTERIOR (VENTRAL):
nearer to the front of the body
MEDIAL:
nearer to the midline of the body or a structure
INSERTION:
the attachment for force application to the moving bone (the end of the muscle farther away from the center of the body)
SUPERFICIAL:
toward or on the surface of the body
SUPERIOR:
toward the head or the upper part of a structure; generally refers to structures in the trunk
SUPINATION:
turning of the palm of the hand forward (anatomical position)
PRONATION:
turning the back of the hand forward
ELEVATION:
upward movement of a part
Plantar vs. Dorsal (foot structure)
Plantar = sole or bottom (from Latin for "plant") Dorsal = top of the foot (from Latin for "back")
INVERSION:
movement of the sole of the foot inward, medial border is raised
HYPEREXTENSION:
movement beyond the position of extension
CIRCUMDUCTION:
movement of a limb in such a manner that it describes a cone
ORIGIN:
anchoring muscle attachment (the end nearer the center of the body)
INFERIOR:
away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure; generally refers to structures in the trunk
RETRACTION:
backward movement of a part (shoulder girdle)
DORSI-FLEXION:
bending foot upward (flexion of the foot)
PLANTAR-FLEXION:
bending the foot downward (extension of the foot)
EVERSION:
movement of the sole of the foot outward, lateral border is raised
DEPRESSION:
downward movement of a part
DISTAL:
farther from the attachment of an extremity to the trunk of a structure; farther from the point of origin
LATERAL:
farther from the midline of the body or a structure
PROTRACTION:
forward movement of a part (shoulder girdle)
PRONE POSITION:
lying in a face downward position
SUPINE POSTION:
lying in a face upward position
ROTATION INWARD:
movement around the axis of a bone toward the midline of the body
ROTATION OUTWARD:
movement around the axis of the bone away from the midline of the body
ABDUCTION:
movement away from the midline of the body
DEEP:
movement away from the surface of the body
PARIETAL:
pertaining to or forming the outer wall of a body cavity
