#9 - Anatomical Movements (Pgs. 39-40)

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FLEXION:

movement resulting in a decrease of a joint angle

ADDUCTION:

movement toward or beyond the midline of the body

PENNIFORM:

muscles having fibers arranged DIAGONAL to the direction of pull; from Latin for "feather" or "wing."

FUSIFORM:

muscles having parallel fibers running longitudinally (the length of the muscle)

POSTERIOR (DORSAL):

nearer to or at the back of the body

PROXIMAL:

nearer to the attachment of an extremity to the trunk or structure; nearer to the point of origin

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL):

nearer to the front of the body

MEDIAL:

nearer to the midline of the body or a structure

INSERTION:

the attachment for force application to the moving bone (the end of the muscle farther away from the center of the body)

SUPERFICIAL:

toward or on the surface of the body

SUPERIOR:

toward the head or the upper part of a structure; generally refers to structures in the trunk

SUPINATION:

turning of the palm of the hand forward (anatomical position)

PRONATION:

turning the back of the hand forward

ELEVATION:

upward movement of a part

Plantar vs. Dorsal (foot structure)

Plantar = sole or bottom (from Latin for "plant") Dorsal = top of the foot (from Latin for "back")

INVERSION:

movement of the sole of the foot inward, medial border is raised

HYPEREXTENSION:

movement beyond the position of extension

CIRCUMDUCTION:

movement of a limb in such a manner that it describes a cone

ORIGIN:

anchoring muscle attachment (the end nearer the center of the body)

INFERIOR:

away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure; generally refers to structures in the trunk

RETRACTION:

backward movement of a part (shoulder girdle)

DORSI-FLEXION:

bending foot upward (flexion of the foot)

PLANTAR-FLEXION:

bending the foot downward (extension of the foot)

EVERSION:

movement of the sole of the foot outward, lateral border is raised

DEPRESSION:

downward movement of a part

DISTAL:

farther from the attachment of an extremity to the trunk of a structure; farther from the point of origin

LATERAL:

farther from the midline of the body or a structure

PROTRACTION:

forward movement of a part (shoulder girdle)

PRONE POSITION:

lying in a face downward position

SUPINE POSTION:

lying in a face upward position

ROTATION INWARD:

movement around the axis of a bone toward the midline of the body

ROTATION OUTWARD:

movement around the axis of the bone away from the midline of the body

ABDUCTION:

movement away from the midline of the body

DEEP:

movement away from the surface of the body

PARIETAL:

pertaining to or forming the outer wall of a body cavity


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