9.1 Building Overseas Empires: World History

factors leading to European "new imperialism"

1) economic interests, 2) political and military reasons, 3) religious goals, and 4) Social Darwinism

sphere of influence

An area in which an outside power claims exclusive trading privilages.

Social Darwinism

Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society -- the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. Used as an argument for imperialism

viceroy

Governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign

French rule over colonies

Practiced direct rule, sending officals and soliders from France to govern their colonies. GOAL: Impose French culture on their colonies and turn them into French provinces.

Britain rule over colonies

Practiced indirect rule, used local rulers to govern. Encouraged kids of rulers to attend school in England so that they could continue to spread British influence.

imperialism

The domination of one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region.

protectorate

local leaders left in place but follow European adviser's lead in areas concerning the imperialist's interests. The relation of a strong state toward a weaker state or territory that it protects and partly controls.

How did Western imperialism spread through Africa and Asia so quickly?

while Europe developed other older Eastern civilizations declined, new African states were weak, Europe had superior technology, medicines, and weapons