A & P Pre-Exam Quiz #3: Chapters 9,10,11,12
In hyperpolarization
K+ tend to diffuse out of the cell
Contracting the trapezius muscle would
extend and laterally flex the neck.
Axons contain
The trigger zone
The plasma membrane of a neuron is more permeable to K+ because
There are more leak ion channels for K+ than for Na+
Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain
acetylcholine
Which type of muscle tissue possesses striations?
both skeletal and cardiac muscle
Spinal nerves C5 - T1 make up the _____ plexus.
brachial
The function of acetylcholinesterase is to
breakdown acetylcholine in the synapse.
Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is
from node to node on a myelinated axon
Which of the following is part of a thin myofilament?
globular (G) actin
axillary nerve
innervates deltoid and teres minor
common fibular nerve
innervates lateral leg and anterior leg
Physiological contracture
is a condition in which cross-bridges cannot release.
During the absolute refractory period, the cell
is insensitive to further stimulation
The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following?
muscles of the arm and forearm
In excitation-contraction coupling.
myosin heads bind to exposed active sites on actin.
An action potential
occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level
A sacromere extends from
one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk
The cross-sectional view of the spinal cord reveals white matter on the
outside, gray matter on the inside, and a ventral motor root.
When the myosin head flexes into a bend, pulling the actin filament along with it, this is called the
power stroke
When the voltage of a plasma membrane shifts from +35mV towards 0 mV, the cell is __________.
repolarizing
Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle
responds to stimulation by the nervous system
Contracting the right sternocleidomastoid muscle would
rotate the head toward the left.
epidural space
separates dura mater from periosteum
Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?
smooth muscle
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
stores calcium ca2+
During a spinal tap, cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from which of the following locations?
subarachnoid space
The sciatic nerve is composed of the
tibial nerve and common fibular nerve
When a person hits their "funny bone," they cause temporary damage to the _____ nerve.
ulnar
The motor root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as the
ventral root
multiunit smooth muscle is located in the
wall of blood vessels
When skeletal muscle is producing CO2 and water while making ATP, which chemical process could be active at this time?
Aerobic respiration
Treppe
All of these are correct
Hannah has damaged her left deltoid muscle. Which of the following actions would least likely be affected by the damage?
All the choices are correct (moving her arm medially, rotating her arm at the shoulder, moving her arm laterally)
When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to Na+,
An excitatory Postsynaptic potential will result
tibial nerve
Branches to form the medial and lateral plantar nerves
Which of the following situation occurs in electrically excitable cells?
Depolarization causes voltage gated sodium channels to open
smooth muscle
Depolarizers when both na+ and Ca2+ diffuse into the cell
Hydrocephalus is a condition whereby cerebrospinal fluid accumulates around the brain. Which supportive cells continue CSF production despite it backing up in the subarachnoid space?
Ependymal cells
The biceps femoris is part of the
Hamstring muscles
Frank has a microbial infection attacking his brain. Which cell type would you expect to proliferate and be the most active during this time?
Microglia
If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, The regions innervated by that spinal nerve would experience complete loss of _______
Movement
Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called
Nodes of Ranvier
Damage to which of these nerves would be most life-threatening?
Phrenic nerves
After contraction has occurred, the Ca2+ are
Released from troponin
Spinal nerves exiting the spinal cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ____ plexus
Sacral
Due to the pattern of innervation of skeletal muscle, one would except that
The number of muscle fibers and mortar neurons is equal
In order for local potentials to trigger an action potential, the membrane must reach a level called the _____ .
Threshold
A proper definition of muscle tone is
constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.
The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as
contractility
Damage to the phrenic nerve would result in
difficulty breathing
The sensory root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as ______ root.
dorsal root
The thickest of the meninges is the
dura mater
There are ________ cervical spinal nerves.
eight
Synapses in which gap junctions allow ions to diffuse quickly from cell to cell are called ________ synapses.
electrical
Rapid removal or destruction of neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft
may affect the ability of the postsynaptic membrane to generate action potentials.
An injury to the wrist that results in Edema in the carpal tunnel would compress the
median nerve
The junction between two neurons is a
synapse
If five action potential's arrive at the same synapse in very close succession, which of the following would occur?
temporal summation occurs
pia mater
the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.
The type of muscle fatigue known as "psychological fatigue" is the result of
the emotional state of an individual.
A series of local potentials causes the membrane potential to move to -80 mV. Predict the result.
the neuron is hyperpolarized
Myosin is also known as the
thick myofilament
dura mater
thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord