A & P Pre-Exam Quiz #3: Chapters 9,10,11,12

In hyperpolarization

K+ tend to diffuse out of the cell

Contracting the trapezius muscle would

extend and laterally flex the neck.

Axons contain

The trigger zone

The plasma membrane of a neuron is more permeable to K+ because

There are more leak ion channels for K+ than for Na+

Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain

acetylcholine

Which type of muscle tissue possesses striations?

both skeletal and cardiac muscle

Spinal nerves C5 - T1 make up the _____ plexus.

brachial

The function of acetylcholinesterase is to

breakdown acetylcholine in the synapse.

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

from node to node on a myelinated axon

Which of the following is part of a thin myofilament?

globular (G) actin

axillary nerve

innervates deltoid and teres minor

common fibular nerve

innervates lateral leg and anterior leg

Physiological contracture

is a condition in which cross-bridges cannot release.

During the absolute refractory period, the cell

is insensitive to further stimulation

The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following?

muscles of the arm and forearm

In excitation-contraction coupling.

myosin heads bind to exposed active sites on actin.

An action potential

occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level

A sacromere extends from

one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk

The cross-sectional view of the spinal cord reveals white matter on the

outside, gray matter on the inside, and a ventral motor root.

When the myosin head flexes into a bend, pulling the actin filament along with it, this is called the

power stroke

When the voltage of a plasma membrane shifts from +35mV towards 0 mV, the cell is __________.

repolarizing

Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle

responds to stimulation by the nervous system

Contracting the right sternocleidomastoid muscle would

rotate the head toward the left.

epidural space

separates dura mater from periosteum

Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?

smooth muscle

The sarcoplasmic reticulum

stores calcium ca2+

During a spinal tap, cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from which of the following locations?

subarachnoid space

The sciatic nerve is composed of the

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

When a person hits their "funny bone," they cause temporary damage to the _____ nerve.

ulnar

The motor root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as the

ventral root

multiunit smooth muscle is located in the

wall of blood vessels

When skeletal muscle is producing CO2 and water while making ATP, which chemical process could be active at this time?

Aerobic respiration

Treppe

All of these are correct

Hannah has damaged her left deltoid muscle. Which of the following actions would least likely be affected by the damage?

All the choices are correct (moving her arm medially, rotating her arm at the shoulder, moving her arm laterally)

When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor and increases the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to Na+,

An excitatory Postsynaptic potential will result

tibial nerve

Branches to form the medial and lateral plantar nerves

Which of the following situation occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Depolarization causes voltage gated sodium channels to open

smooth muscle

Depolarizers when both na+ and Ca2+ diffuse into the cell

Hydrocephalus is a condition whereby cerebrospinal fluid accumulates around the brain. Which supportive cells continue CSF production despite it backing up in the subarachnoid space?

Ependymal cells

The biceps femoris is part of the

Hamstring muscles

Frank has a microbial infection attacking his brain. Which cell type would you expect to proliferate and be the most active during this time?

Microglia

If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, The regions innervated by that spinal nerve would experience complete loss of _______

Movement

Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called

Nodes of Ranvier

Damage to which of these nerves would be most life-threatening?

Phrenic nerves

After contraction has occurred, the Ca2+ are

Released from troponin

Spinal nerves exiting the spinal cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ____ plexus

Sacral

Due to the pattern of innervation of skeletal muscle, one would except that

The number of muscle fibers and mortar neurons is equal

In order for local potentials to trigger an action potential, the membrane must reach a level called the _____ .

Threshold

A proper definition of muscle tone is

constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time.

The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as

contractility

Damage to the phrenic nerve would result in

difficulty breathing

The sensory root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as ______ root.

dorsal root

The thickest of the meninges is the

dura mater

There are ________ cervical spinal nerves.

eight

Synapses in which gap junctions allow ions to diffuse quickly from cell to cell are called ________ synapses.

electrical

Rapid removal or destruction of neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft

may affect the ability of the postsynaptic membrane to generate action potentials.

An injury to the wrist that results in Edema in the carpal tunnel would compress the

median nerve

The junction between two neurons is a

synapse

If five action potential's arrive at the same synapse in very close succession, which of the following would occur?

temporal summation occurs

pia mater

the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.

The type of muscle fatigue known as "psychological fatigue" is the result of

the emotional state of an individual.

A series of local potentials causes the membrane potential to move to -80 mV. Predict the result.

the neuron is hyperpolarized

Myosin is also known as the

thick myofilament

dura mater

thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord