AAMC Q Pack CARS 1

Passage 2: According to the passage, formalist criticism focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of a literary work? A. effects on the Reader B. The authors motivations C. Its Sructure D. The Truth of its ideas

1. (Reference Question) 2. Self Analysis: I changed my answer right away. Also, I "Referred to the wrong paragraph" since there were many definitions of "Formalistic Critic." 3. Answer Location was found on: P2: "But the formalist critic is concerned primarily with the work itself. Speculation on the mental processes of the author takes the critic away from the work into biography and psychology. Such studies describe the process of composition, not the structure of the thing composed". 4. We want the answer to be something about the 1. Work, or the structure of the work." 5. Answer: C. Its structure

Passage 2: According to the passage, the job of the student of literature is to: I. discover ways to approach literature intellectually. II. separate the rational from the irrational elements in literary works. III. integrate the experience of literature as art and the analysis of literature as knowledge.

1. This question is a "Reference Question": 2. Self Analysis: I was able to refer back to the correct paragraph 2 where it mentioned the student of Literature: 3. The student must translate the experience of literature into intellectual terms, assimilate it to a coherent scheme which must be rational if it is to be knowledge. It may be true that the subject matter is irrational, or at least contains strongly unrational elements; but the student of literature will not be therefore in any other position than the historian of painting or the musicologist or, for that matter, the sociologist or the anatomist. . . . 4. I go the first part I correct, but the last part was NOT included in the text because it said " unrational elements" 5. I. discover ways to approach literature intellectually.

Passage 15: MI: The author is trying to explain how the artistic teaching is too narrow The discussion of Ford Madox Brown's painting Work shows primarily that: A. The process of expanding the subject matter of professional art is complex and extremely difficult to achieve B. Art deals with realistic subjects is more powerful than abstract art C. The problems inherit in expanding the subject matter of art are still with us today D. The relationship between the professional and the ruing classes is complicated and should no be simplified

1. This question is asking to analyze the painting "Work" Question Type: Reference 1. Self Analysis: I went to the quote but there was one specific part of the quote that captured the entire thing 2. "During the 19th century certain artists, for consciously social or political reasons, tried to extend the professional tradition of painting, so that it might express the experience of other classes. Their personal struggles, their failures, and the opposition they met with, were a measure of the ambition of the undertaking. 3. "Perhaps one pedestrian example will give some idea of the extent of the difficulties involved" (This section was given after the quote) 4. So we are looking for an answer that has to do with some difficulty or struggle: A. The process of expanding the subject matter of professional art is complex and extremely difficult to achieve

Passage 2: For which of the following conclusions does the passage offer the most support? A. Literature is merely potential until it is read B. A literary work can be analyzed in the terms of the the forces that produced it C. The literary critic must assume an ideal reader D. Literary works may mirror the past influence for the future

1. This question is asking what answer choices have the most "supporting" evidence: 2. Self Analysis: I chose the wrong answer since I chose the quickest answers I saw in the paragraph and it did say in the Paragraph, BUT I chose an answer that was a "fact" and did not need further explaining 3. The answer was found on P5: "Either we say that one person's reading is as good as another's, and thus deny the possibility of any standard reading, or else we take the lowest common denominator of the various readings that have been made—that is, we frankly move from literary criticism into social psychology." 4. Answer C: C. The literary critics must assume an ideal reader

Passage 18: MI: The author is trying to explain how there needs to be an "Increase in cooperation" since governments can be destructive" According to the passage, to whom might one look to foster cooperation rather than competition between jurisdictions? A. National Officials B. Local Leaders C. Academic Researchers D. Media Representative

The author is trying to explain who will show cooperativity (Reference) 1. Self Analysis: I thought okay which occupation shoes cooperativity 2. This was actually a reference question: 3. In P6: That implies that top-down mandates will not work: that it is only the leaders of these counties and cities who can overcome the "lingering rivalries" between each other and cooperate. 4. B. Local Leaders 5. Local Leaders are the ones that need to show cooperativity

Passage 2: On the basis of the passage, one can most reasonably infer that formalist criticism has the capacity to distinguish: A. Valid literary structures from invalid ones B. One possible reading of a literary work from one another C. Ones authors personality from one another's D. Effective rhetorical styles from ineffective ones

The question is asking what can the formalist critic can tell the difference between: 1. MI Question: 2. The MI is: That is, the idea that critics focus on structure and with the work itself 3. Self Analysis: I knew it had something to do with "formalistic critic" and my answer contradicts P3: "instead of focusing on the varying spectrum of possible readings, the critic attempts to find a central point of reference from which to focus on the structure of the poem or novel." 4. Correct Answer: A. Valid Literary Structures from invalid ones

Passage 3: What is the main idea of the passage? A. Those who create literature understand it more completely than do those who only study it B. The methodologies of science and the study of literature have many features in common C. There are valid methods for studying literature that differ from the methods of science D. The achievements of the humanistic disciplines have been obscured by the achievements of the physical sciences

This question asks about what the Main Idea of the passage is? Self Analysis: This MI was hard to get, I was getting confused about if literature and science differed. I chose an answer that was presented in one paragraph but no the OVERALL MI C. There are valid methods for studying literature that differ from the methods of science

According to the information provided, the attitude of the king toward the founders of the Royal Society was most like that of:' Passage 19: MI: The author is trying to explain why were there were so many 17th century scientist A. A dog to fleas B. A pterodactyl to birds C. A lion to gazelles D. A mouse to cats

This is an analogy question in which the King (Charles II) was compared to the Royal Society 1. SA: I knew there was negative connotation to the comparison of Charles II and the Royal Society 2. P3: "Charles II can hardly have been enthusiastic about endorsing a society that was dominated by men whose political and religious views were distasteful to him" 3. How to Solve: a. Charles II did not like the Royals: 4. A. A dog to fleas A dog hates fleas

Passage 14: MI: The author is trying to convey that tat selfish people can have friendships is is a give and take. If the care about me then I care about them: Which of the following actions is an example of what the author probably means in implying that giving can be an assertion of power? A. A judge gives lighter sentences to criminals if they address the judge respectfully B. Officer workers money to the boss's favorite charity because the boss asks them to do so C. A citizen distributed food to the homeless so that no on will go hungry D. A husband suggests that he and his wife treat themselves to a vacation

This question asks us to analyze the the part of the paragraph where it talks about "Power": 1. Self Analysis: I chose the seconds best answer: 2. "His giving could be a minor concession for her serving him or even a further expression or assertion of his power over her and of her dependence on him." 3. This quote has to do with power and an exchange of something 4. A. A judge gives lighter sentences to criminals if they address the judge respectfully Here, we have power, and somebody giving something away

Passage 5: Assume that nineteenth-century American publishers could acquire European novels as easily as American novels, and publish them at a higher profit. Would this information, if true, further the passage author's argument A. Yes; it would make more impressive the fact that one-half of the periodical reviews from 1840 to 1860 were of American novels. B. Yes; it would reinforce the passage author's view that literary nationalism was not a viable force during this period. C. No; it would merely demonstrate that American publishers made profit a top priority. D. No; it would shed no light on the preferences of the American reading public for novels.

This question is asking

Passage 3: Elsewhere, the author says that "literature is no substitute for sociology or politics," nor is it "substitute philosophy." This statement agrees most closely with the passage assertion that: A. Literary works are sometimes studies in the relation of economic, social, and political conditions B. Literary study has its own unique justification and aims C. Unlike sociology, politics, or philosophy, literature is an artistic pursuit D. The methodologies of science and literary study often overlap

This question is asking about "Elsewhere" meaning there will be outside information that will come into play with the question: The main thing to focus on is the MI: There are differences between literary and scientific works Since I did not get the MI of the passage, I did not get this question: The MI is: Literary study has its won unique justifications and aims

Passage 16: If asked, most adults would affirm that giraffes do not wear hats in the wild. Such beliefs are apparently constructed from relevant general knowledge rather than stored as explicit information. Is the conclusion that certain beliefs are only implicit consistent with functionalism as the author explains it? MI: The author is trying to explain how Behaviorism must fail since it does not take into account various desired and certain beliefs A. Yes, because implicit beliefs come into existence when there is a need for them B. Yes, because implicit beliefs are underlying physical events rather than dispositions to behave C. No, because implicit beliefs are irrelevant to desires, intentions, perceptions, and feelings D. No, because implicit beliefs have no function

This question is asking about how giraffes wearing hats are related to functionalism: 1. Self Analysis: I could not put the pieces together.. I read about functionalism but I don't understand how it had to do with giraffes wearing hats 2. We can stick with A and B bc it does not seem like Functionalism challenges anything about giraffes 3. A. Yes, because implicit beliefs come into existence when there is a need for them This explains more of the giraffe is a situational occurrence of a mental event B. is not the answer bc we are talking about mental events not physical events!!

Passage 8: MI: The author is trying to explain the importance training employees An employer reasons: "If I train my workers, competitors who save money by not providing training will be able to attract my trained workers with higher salaries than I can pay." What possible solution for this employer would most accord with the author's high road? A. Supports Regulatory policies that penalize firms for failing to train workers B. Train workers who agree to repay the tuition if they have leave within a set amount of time C. Concentrate on recruiting workers who have been trained by other firms D. Cut costs elsewhere to match the higher wages paid by competitors:

This question is asking about is asking to find a statement that goes against training and tightening it with "hard training" mentioned in the passage: 1. Self Analysis: I did not understand this question at all 2. This is what the question was asking: That perhaps employers should not pursue high road policies because doing so will require resources that can't go to employee salaries, thus making that employer's workforce vulnerable to poaching from other companies who do not encourage such training B. The answer choice has to do something with the training: B. Train workers who agree to repay the tuition if they have leave within a set amount of time

Passage 9: The author would argue that schema theory is important to the study of thinking and learning because it: A. Provides a basis for determining memories of an event that are correct and true B. Explains the way pervious experiences affect the comprehension of similar events C. Indicates the way important events, actions, or persons could be forgotten D. Illustrates the way memory is activated in totally unfamiliar situations

This question is asking about schema theory (Reference) There where many pieces of "Schema" that where mentioned in P2, P3, and P4: I understood that it had do something with being in certain situations that they have been in the past: I missed answer choice B: B. Explains the way pervious experiences affect the comprehension of similar events

Passage 18: MI: The author is trying to explain how there needs to be an "Increase in cooperation" since governments can be destructive" Which of the following conclusions can justifiably be drawn from the experience of the Great Lakes states mentioned in the passage? A: State governments have little success in controlling economic competition amount local governments B: State governments usually restrict economic among local governments C: Local governments are more successful that are state governments in controlling economic competition D. Only the national government has the power to regulate economic competition among local governments

This question is asking about the Great lakes: (Reference Question): 1. Self Analysis: I was able to get the correct paragraph: "governors of the Great Lakes states have been unsuccessful in establishing a 'no pirating' pact within the region." 2. I knew it has something to do with State government but I was not sure what: "No Pairing" means that there is no success or something negative A: State governments have little success in controlling economic competition amount local governments

Passage 13: The MI of this passage is to show the importance of sports The reference to "the classical position" of sports suggests that the author: A. Respects the devoutness and patriotism of athletes B. Admires the skills of the athletes of Ancient Greece C. Undereats the historical function of athletics D. Accepts the domination of athletics by religion and politics

This question is asking about the analysis of "classical position" 1. Self Analysis: DONT CHANGE YOUR ANSWER, FIRST GUT Unless you are 100% sure it is correct with evidence 2. The ancient Olympic games used to be both festivals in honor of the gods and festivals in honor of the state—and that has been the classical position of sports ever since. 3. C: Undereats the historical function of athletics 4. This is def talking about the function of athletics

Passage 4: The MI: If the following statements are true, which would most weaken the argument of defenders of brand placement? If the following statements are true, which would most weaken the argument of defenders of brand placement? A. Shortly after a Western film attracts huge audiences, sales of riding horses and ranch properties increase appreciably B. A campaign to educate moviegoers about brand placement has no observable effect on their purchase item C. When moviegoers see a list of the brand props to appear in a film before it begins, sales of those products decline D. Moviegoer but more popcorn when a promotional film for the concession stans is show than when it is omitted

This question is asking about what goes against the MI 1. Self Analysis: I did not realize that this was a contradictory question to the MI 2. C. When moviegoers see a list of the brand props to appear in a film before it begins, sales of those products decline Brand placement was actually effective, and C actually does provide an example of brand placement affecting people's brand purchasing habits. and C actually does provide an example of brand placement affecting people's brand purchasing habits

Passage 16: Suppose that a mountain climber is offered a replacement for the rope by which the climber is suspended. If the climber accepts the replacement rope, with which of the following conclusions about this acceptance would the author be LEAST apt to agree? MI: The author is trying to explain how Behaviorism must fail since it does not take into account various desired and certain beliefs A: It contains evidence of a belief in the weakness of the original rope B: It is one of many possible results of a belief in the weakness of the original rope C: It is probably influenced b beliefs other than a belief in the weakness of the original rope D: It indicates the operation of brain processes associated with changing ropes while climbing

This question is asking about what goes against the MI: Question Stem: Against the MI: 1. Self Analysis: I did not understand the question: (The climber part, I knew it was an CMI): 2. We are looking for an answer that only has 1 explanation since the MI: believes that there are multiple functions of Behavioral 3. A: It contains evidence of a belief in the weakness of the original rope A: only has 1 reason!

Passage 6: The MI: The author is trying to explain how by using Il is to create power within humans in addition to connection between statements being ceremonial The author's central thesis is that: A. Promises, commitments, excuses, please, and pacts are verbal connections B. Li is effective in controlling the behavior of others C. Performative utterances are more honest than are stated intentions D. The power that are uniquely human are revealed in traditional ceremonies

This question is asking about what the MI of the passage is 1. Self Analysis: This Question challenging since there where so many points made in the passage: Note: In this passage, the MI was at the last paragraph which totally went against the ideas presented in the first paragraph: 2. D. The power that are uniquely human are revealed in traditional ceremonies This goes with he idea that was stated in the last paragraph: The central lesson of Professor Austin's new philosophical insights is not so much a lesson about language as it is about ceremony

Passage 12: MI: The author is trying to explain the experience of a female writer According to the passage, Virginia Woolf believed the novel was more suitable to women writers than was the epic or the poetic play because the: A. Novel was more recent and thus more flexible genre B: Novel did not depend on a "sentence" for its effect C: Epic and poetic plays were new genres D: Epic and poetic plays required that women develop a prose on their own

This question is asking about why did Virginia Woolf believe that the NOVEL was more suitable for women writers: 1. Self Analysis: I totally did not see the novel part: I misinterpreted the wrong part of the quote 2. In P4: "There is no reason to think that the form of the epic or of the poetic play suits a woman any more than the sentence suits her. But all the older forms of literature were hardened and set by the time she became a writer. The novel alone was young enough to be soft in her hands." 3. it is not that women are less well-suited to epics or poetic plays, but rather that the novel is a young enough art form for women to change it to better suit the female experience. 4. D: Epic and poetic plays required that women develop a prose on their own

Passage 10: MY BRAIN WAS ALL OVER THE PLACE to begin with so that affected my scored for sure: I had no idea what I was reading! Suppose it is discovered that the first Zurvanites were influenced more by Indian than by Babylonian conceptions of cyclical time. Does this discovery support the author's argument? A. Yes: It confirms it B. No; It does not affect it C. No; it weakens it D. No; it disproves it

This question is asking does the idea of the Zurvanites being influenced by the Indians affect the conception of cyclical time? (New Information): 1. Self Analysis: I did not remember anything about Indians being mentioned at all: 2. The author's argument about what made the Zurvanite heresy heretical could have stated that the Zurvanites themselves made up the notion of cyclical time, and the argument would still make sense. So the right answer has to mention that the new information would not affect the passage argument. 3. The author does not talk about where or whom the the concept of cyclical time came from B. No; It does not affect it

Passage 10: MY BRAIN WAS ALL OVER THE PLACE to begin with so that affected my scored for sure: I had no idea what I was reading! The author asserts that in Zoroastrianism, both humans and the two primal spirits are: A. Required to choose between good and evil B. Destined to exist externally C. Creation of Ahura Madza D. Subordinate to Zurvan

This question is asking to compare Zoroastrianism to the primal spirit: (Reference Question): 1. I was stuck in between two paragraphs: 2. In P2: "An essential element in this revelation is that the two primal beings each made a deliberate choice between good and evil, an act that prefigures the identical choice that all persons must make for themselves in this life." A. Required to choose between good and evil

Passage 8: MI: The author is trying to explain the importance training employees Which of the following findings is most clearly contrary to the reported influence of the use of computers in the workplace? A. Office Workers can follow computer-generated schedules with less training than they need to devise their own schedule B. Executives who correspond with customers by letter generate more business than those who rely on Email-alone C. Workers using nonautomated production processes are more efficient than workers on automated assembly lines D. Mechanisms who use computerized diagnostic methods earn less than mechanics who use traditional methods

This question is asking for what goes against computers in the work place 1. Self Analysis: Did NOT read the question and totally missed the "Contrary Part": Easy missed 1 2. D. Mechanisms who use computerized diagnostic methods earn less than mechanics who use traditional methods This obv goes against the MI

Passage 18: MI: The author is trying to explain how there needs to be an "Increase in cooperation" since governments can be destructive" The passage suggests that economic competition between subnational units of government provides: A. The same positive benefits as does competitions between private firms B. An increase in efficiency for the competing governments C. Incentives for national economic development policy D. Fewer benefits overall than would cooperation between jurisdiction

This question is asking how competition affect gov? (Main Idea) 1. Self Analysis: I looked at the last P instead of focusing on the MI 2. The MI: There needs to be cooperativity in the gov 3. D. Fewer benefits overall than would cooperation between jurisdiction

Passage 14: MI: The author is trying to convey that tat selfish people can have friendships is is a give and take. If the care about me then I care about them: Assume that the author's friend Dave was interviewed. If Dave remarked that he and the author often argue about the way they will spend their time together, this remark would weaken the passage assertion that: A. Friendship is an expression of moral activity B. Among friends, the line between self-interest and other interest is often not applicable C. Some people many not be capable of friendships in the fullest sense D. The authors friendships with Dave helps to define what is important to the author

This question is asking how does the scenario with Dave weaken the authors assertion: 1. Self Analysis: I picked up the notion that friendship was about self interest but it clearly is NOT due to the last P: 2. In fact, friendship is a context in which the division between self-interest and other-interest is often not applicable. 3. If the author and Dave are arguing than that contradicts or weakens the idea that there is self interest involved: B. Among friends, the line between self-interest and other interest is often not applicable

Passage 5: The author suggests that Confucius considered the ceremonies of society to be "holy" because they are: The MI: The author is trying to explain how by using Il is to create power within humans in addition to connection between statements being ceremonial A. Expressions of respect B. Divinely sanctioned laws C. Customary in refined society D. Performed by holy persons

This question is asking how the ceremonies of society where considered to be "holy" 1. Self Analysis: I went to the wrong part of the passage that talked about being "holy ritual" 2. In P3: It stated: Li works through spontaneous coordination rooted in reverent dignity. The perfection in Holy Rite is esthetic as well as spiritual. 3. A. Expressions of respect

Passage 11: MI: The author is trying to explain how a individual always has a choice even when the gov or people are telling them to do so: Suppose that there are some people who are psychologically incapable of breaking their promises. This new information: A. Supports the authors assertion that it is impossible to surrender responsibility B. Supports the authors assertion that in decision making, other people matter C. Challenges that authors assertion that it is impossible to surrender responsibility D. Challenges the authors assertion that in decision making, other people matter

This question is asking if an individual psychologically cant break a promise to this go against or support the MI: 1. Self Analysis: I was confused on what this question was asking and esp. when it talked about promises: 2. To get to the answer I needed to understand that the if a person is incapable of breaking a promise then they would NOT have a choice 3. This goes against the MI since the author is saying that people always have a choice C. Challenges that authors assertion that it is impossible to surrender responsibility It is also NOT D because we are talking about the individual not the people:

Passage 9: The discussion of scripts includes the assumption that: A. Each different encounter with a type of event is a new learning experience B. Remembering information exactly matches the content of the original event C. Once a script is developed, it cannot be used in new instances D. Schemas help people to cop with new instances of a situation

This question is asking is to "Imply" what it said about script: 1. Self Analysis: "There is a special type of schema called a script that not only aids in comprehending and remembering information but also helps guide behavior. For example, when a person is eating in a restaurant, the restaurant script activated in memory enables the person not only to expect certain events [...] but also initiates behavior." 2. Scripts have to help people know what to expect in new instances of a situation. This is implied, but not stated, in the passage, which makes it an assumption 3. This assertion is elaborated by the example of "the restaurant script," which, because it is activated during new instances of an already experienced situation, enables one to expect to be shown a table and be approached by a waiter as well as to order and to pay for food. D. Schemas help people to cop with new instances of a situation

Passage 15: MI: The author is trying to explain how the artistic teaching is too narrow The passage implies that art is at its best when it: A. Transcends Conventions B. Records eternal truths C. Reflects Social Manner D. Treats religious themes

This question is asking that art is associated with? (Question Stem: MI) 1. Self Analysis: I chose this answer bc it talked about the social experience of the artist 2. This question is really asking about the MI of the passage: 3. MI: Art teachings are super narrow so there has to be a change

Passage 10: MY BRAIN WAS ALL OVER THE PLACE to begin with so that affected my scored for sure: I had no idea what I was reading! The Orphic Greeks of the sixth century B.C. held that history began when Chronos (time) gave birth to the twin forces of divine Aether and dark Chaos. The similarity between this theory and Zurvanism could NOT have resulted from the influence of: A. Orphic Greeks on the Zurvanites B. The Zurvanites on the Orphic Grees C. The Orphic Greeks on Zoroaster D. Zoroaster on the Orphic Greeks

This question is asking us if which means that the Orphic Greeks could have influenced the Zurvanites, or vice versa (Reference Question) Orphic Greeks were around in the 6th century BC, or the 500s BC, while the first paragraph claims that Zoroaster was alive "between about 1400 and 1200 B.C." Since Zoroaster predates the Orphic Greeks, there is no way that the Greeks could have influenced Zoroaster C. The Orphic Greeks on Zoroaste

Passage 17: MI: The author is trying to explain how language is acquired in the brain In terming certain neurons survivors, the author means those that: A: Frequently Participate in mental operations B: Are genetically programmed for longer life C: Are structurally well adapted to their function D: Achieve an overdevelopment if dendritic processes

This question is asking us to analyze nuerons that are considered "survivors": (Reference Question): 1. Self Analysis: I was able to get to the correct quote in the passage but failed to understand the sentence AFTER the quote. 2. P3: "We have learned that neurons and their processes overgrow luxuriantly in the course of development and that it is experience that selects the survivors." "True, the basic ground plan is laid out in the genome, but the precise neuroanatomic details are specified by activity-dependent competition between presynaptic axons for common postsynaptic target neurons." 3. Activity dependent means that there is competition based off of what is more active 4. A: Frequently Participate in mental operations

Passage 12: MI: The author is trying to explain the experience of a female writer In the second to last paragraph, the author asserts that the novelist Jean Rhys: A: Reworked the character of Bertha in a way that no male writer could have B: Created a new literary form based on adaptations of older works C: Created a distinctively feminine prose style that is difficult for male writers to imitate D: Misunderstood Brontës novel Jane Eyre

This question is asking us to analyze the quote about Jean Rhys: 1. Self Analysis: I was able to read the exact quote but not get exactly the answer: 2. P4: There is, I feel, no male novelist who could have picked up the thread of Bertha's existence and turned it into an emblem, as Jean Rhys did; and here alone we note the way the female novelist can perceive aspects of experience that remain (at least in our era) outside the reach of the male writer. 3. I chose D but it did not talk about "prose style": 4. A:Reworked the character of Bertha in a way that no male writer could have

Passage 11: MI: The author is trying to explain how a individual always has a choice even when the gov or people are telling them to do so: In countries in which the law says to drive on the left, people generally find it beneficial to drive on the left, and in countries in which the law says to drive on the right, people generally find it beneficial to drive on the right. This fact: A: Supports the central thesis of the passage B: Neither supports nor weakens the central thesis of the passage C: Is contrary to the central thesis of the passage D: Indicates that the central thesis of the passage requires modification

This question is asking us to analyze why people are comfortable always driving to the left and right and compare it to the MI 1. Self Analysis: I referred back to the P where it sated that and it mentioned dude to conformity 2. This idea of driving to the right and left had NOTHING to do withe MI 3. B: Neither supports nor weakens the central thesis of the passage

Passage 13: The MI of this passage is to show the importance of sports Which of the following findings would most weaken the author's assertions about the value of sports in the U.S. culture? A. People would rather attend religious ceremonies than sporting events B. Sports fans fail to recognize the religious impulse in their enthusiasms C. Only the conventionally religious experience spiritual dimension of sports D. Players on a team have stronger feelings about the sport than do fans on the team

This question is asking us to see what goes against the MI: "Weaken the Mi" 1. Self Analysis: I got rid of the right answer because it seemed extreme with the word " ONLY" 2. The "only" in C might make C feel extreme, but extreme answer choices are pretty common in weakener questions. Making absolute claims that contradict the passage argument is a classic way to weaken an argument. 3. C. Only the conventionally religious experience spiritual dimension of sports This contradicts bc the author is saying that fans also experience the religious side of sports not just religious people

Passage 14: MI: The author is trying to convey that tat selfish people can have friendships is is a give and take. If the care about me then I care about them: For which of the following of the author's assertions is NO support provided in the passage? A. A truly selfish person cannot have friends in the truest sense B. There is more to friendship than caring for another C. There are plausible explanations for seemingly "beneficent" behaviors of selfish people D. Even a selfish person can wish another well

This question is asking what are NO support in the passage: NO TEXT EVIDENCE: 1. Self Analysis: I did try and look to see what had the LEAST amount of evidence! 2.Choice D is the LAST SENTENCE IN THE PARAGRAPH, it was a "second" point, and the second half of the sentence was bare minimum! D. Even a selfish person can wish another well

Passage 16: The passage suggests that behaviorism and type-type identity theory share which of the following weaknesses? MI: The author is trying to explain how Behaviorism must fail since it does not take into account various desired and certain beliefs A. They oversimply mental states by reducing them to physiologically B. They provide no reason for experience C. They ignore the content provide by associated beliefs and feelings D. The assume that all mental events are determines by external physical events

This question is asking what are the similarities between behaviorism and type-type identify theory? Question Stem: "Reference: 1. Self Analysis: I refereed back to where it refences the similarities between behaviorism and type-type identity and I could NOT combine the two. It was a summation of the ENTIRE paragraph: I was able to get the jist of behaviorism but had difficulties with type-type identity 2. The problem for both is that behaviorism and type-type identity theory, then, is that both reduce mental phenomena down to single causes. C. They ignore the content provide by associated beliefs and feelings This is good bc it considers the mental state (Beliefs and feelings)

Passage 2: Which of the following statements, if true, would most directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism? A. The capacity to interpret a work of literature varies from reader to reader B. Good literature is more than just effective rhetoric C. Knowledge of the author intentions is not usually reliable D. The social and historical contexts of a work of literature cannot be ignored

This question is asking what goes against the MI 1. Self Analysis: I understood the question but I chose an answer the strengthened the MI 2. MI: If the main idea is that critics are supposed focus on the work of structure "If the critic cannot ignore the social and historical contexts of a work, then the critic cannot focus exclusively on the work itself, since that critic would also have to learn about the work's place in history, and in its society 3. D: The social and historical context of a wok of literature cannot be ignored

Passage 4: The MI: The author is trying to explain how brand placement is placed in movies for product exposure, but DONT really have that much of an effect on the audience 2. What is the most serious apparent weakness of the research described? A. The participants were told that brand props have a commercial purpose rather than being asked there purpose B. It differentiates participants on the basis of age rather than on socioeconomic status or belief system C. The attitudes expressed where probably influenced by those of others rather than reached independently D. Its conclusions are based on the participants rather than their buying behavior

This question is asking what is goes against the "research" of the brand placement (Reference Question) 1. Self Analysis: I thought this question was asking about what went against the MI not what was stated in the passage 2. In paragraph 3 it stated: "To clarify the way audiences interpret brand placements in relation to movies, movie viewing, and social experience." This focused on how people feel and not by their buying behavior. 3. D. Its conclusions are based on the participants rather than their buying behavior

Passage 4: The MI: The author is trying to explain how brand placement is placed in movies for product exposure, but DONT really have that much of an effect on the audience 1. The author's attitude toward brand placement in motion pictures is most accurately described as: A. Favorable B. Neutral C. Mistrustful D. Disapproving

This question is asking what is the authors attitude in the passage about brand placement? (Tone Question) 1. Self Analysis: I was 50/50 with this one (Between A and B) 2. B is incorrect because the author starts to argue AGAINST "Critics" of the brand placement in P5 3. A: Favorable

Passage 7: MI: The author is trying to explain there different views that Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville had on Americans. According to the passage, the optimism of French Enlightenment scholars was called into question by: the economic development of Americans. the French Revolution and its aftermath. conditions in English mill towns. I. The economic development of Americans. II. The French Revolution and its aftermath. III. Conditions in English mill towns.

This question is asking what parts of the passage went against the optimism of the French Enlightenment: (Reference Question) 1. Self Analysis: I looked at the wrong paragraph and misinterpreted the quote at hand: 2. In P4: "For de Tocqueville, the optimism of the Enlightenment had been tempered by the experience of the French Revolution and its aftermath, and the prophesies of the early political economists were finding an alarmingly negative fulfillment in the industrial infernos of English mill towns." These answer choices where right in the text I and III

Passage 7: MI: The author is trying to explain there different views that Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville had on Americans. The passage suggests that the example of an eighteenth-century American businessperson who succeeded in a competitive market but did NOT fit comfortably into a self-governing society would best support the view of: A. Crevecoeur B. de Tocqueville C. Enlightened thinkers D. French Revolutionaries

This question is asking what person would NOT comfortably into a self-governing society (Reference Question) 1. Self Analysis: I chose A because Crevecoeur was more negative than the de Tocqueville 2. To answer this question, I needed to reference to a particular part in P3: 3. "He did not see what many Americans of his generation did, that a purely economic person would be as unsuited to a self-governing society as would the rank-bound subject of traditional regimes. Fortunately, another Frenchman, Alexis de Tocqueville, who visited the United States in the 1830s, gave a much more adequate vie" B. de Tocqueville

Passage 13: The MI of this passage is to show the importance of sports: A probable reason for the use of the word "godward" is the author's: A. Faith in a divine presence that i apparent in daily life B. Wish to use language that includes al persons, whatever their views on religion C. Awareness of the similarity of popular spiritual movement to conventional religions D. Opinions that attendance at sporting events will lead to a religious revival

This question is asking what the analysis of the term "godward" meant in the text: 1. Self Analysis: I read the quote and knew it had something to do with some sort of religion BUT the part before that section talked about how sport don't make you believe in God: 2. The author is trying to still use religion but make make more of "Broader" situation: 3. B. Wish to use language that includes al persons, whatever their views on religion 4. This is the MORE general sense of "Godward" he/she is trying to downplay the situation

Passage 5: The passage suggests that Confucius would be most likely to endorse which of the following reasons to use li? The MI: The author is trying to explain how by using Il is to create power within humans in addition to connection between statements being ceremonial A. It acknowledge the dignity of others B. It works invisibly through magical powers C. It does not require the expenditure of effort D. It avoids the risks involved using force

This question is asking what the definition of "ill" was: 1. Self Analysis: This question was difficult since the definition was ALL over the passage: 2. In P3: "The force of coercion is manifest and tangible, whereas the vast (and sacred) forces at work in li are invisible and intangible. Li works through spontaneous coordination rooted in reverent dignity. The perfection in Holy Rite is esthetic as well as spiritual." li is magic insofar as treating people with respect and dignity works as well as "commands, threats, regulations, punishments, and force" 3. A. It acknowledge the dignity of others

Passage 7: MI: The author is trying to explain there different views that Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville had on Americans. On the basis of the passage, a comparison of Crevecoeur's and de Tocqueville's views of America might reasonably lead to the conclusion that: A. Both Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville were pessimistic about American futures B. De Tocqueville was somewhat more pessimistic than Crevecoeur about American future C. Crevecoeur was somewhat more pessimistic than de Tocqueville about Americans future D. Both Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville were extremely optimistic about Americans future

This question is asking what the difference was between Crevecoeur and de Tocqueville was (Reference Question): 1. Self Analysis: I chose the complete opposite of the correct answer bc I thought Crevecoeur was more negative than Tocqueville 2. Crèvecoeur based his optimism on the entrepreneurial spirit and self-made, self-reliant qualities of the American "Economic Being," which the author calls "an emancipated, enlightened individual confidently directing energies toward the environment, both natural and social, aiming to wring from it a comfortable happiness". However, the author points out that Crèvecoeur could not see what many Americans of his time saw, namely, "that a purely economic person would be unsuited to a self-governing society. . . ." De Tocqueville found reason for pessimism where Crèvecoeur found reason for optimism: "[De Tocqueville] appreciated the commercial and entrepreneurial spirit that Crèvecoeur had emphasized but saw it as having ambiguous and problematic implications for the future of American freedom". B. De Tocqueville was somewhat more pessimistic than Crevecoeur about American future

Passage 9: To judge whether instantiation has occurred, a researcher would need to determine: A. Whether a new information contains elements of a new schema B. Whether new information alters a schema C. The amount of information needed to activate a schema D. Whether new information fits a schema

This question is asking whether "instantiation" has occurred: 1. Self Analysis: The words "instantiation" where not clearly stated in the passage: 2. There is a quote that that had something similar to it: P4: "This process is called slot filling because information specific to the restaurant event being read is stored in memory as values for the particular actions, roles, and props involved in the restaurant script. The script is being instantiated". P2: "If the information is similar enough to the content of the schema, then it is judged an instance of what the schema represents. The schema is thus instantiated by the new information" In order to get to the answer, II need to find a common grown between the two: New information D. Whether new information fits a schema

Passage 15: MI: The author is trying to explain how the artistic teaching is too narrow According to the passage, why did past artistic conventions most likely correspond so closely to the social manners of the ruling classes? A. Artist were interested in the narrowness and isolation of the ruling classes as a historical phenomenon B. Artist felt that the experiences of the ruling classes were the only kinds of activity worth recording C. Artist aspired to the wealth and power of the ruling classes D. Artist looked to the members of the ruling classes for financial support

This question is asking why did the past artistic conventions corresponds to the social manner of ruling: Question Stem: Reference Question 1. Self Analysis: I referred back to the quote but I did not match the quote with the answer: 2. I chose B but it did not talk about Artist experiences but it focuses on the methods 3. D was the last one standing.. it does not make sense but its the last one so..??

Passage 10: MY BRAIN WAS ALL OVER THE PLACE to begin with so that affected my scored for sure: I had no idea what I was reading! Which of the following discoveries, if genuine, would most weaken the author's argument? A. A text by a pre-Zoroastrian asserting that history would eventually end B. A text by an early Zurvanite that denying that history would ever end C. A text by Zoroaster asserting that Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu had a common parent D. A text by Zoroaster foretelling the development of the Zurvantite heresy

This question is us to go against the MI: 1. The MI: Zurvanite heresy a heresy 2. The text also stated: In particular, since the author's described rebuke of the heresy mentions that "declaring that Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu were brothers [...] betrayed Zoroaster's fundamental doctrine that good and evil are utterly separate and distinct by origin and nature" 3. Being siblings could also go against the Zoroasters doctrine: C. A text by Zoroaster asserting that Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu had a common parent

Passage 19: MI: The author is trying to explain why were there were so many 17th century scientist Which of the following statements, if true, would undermine the author's characterization of the Puritans? A. They opposed the idea that were not supported by religious doctrine B. They challenged the scientific conclusions of acknowledged authorities C. Their leaders made an attempt to encourage in interest in science D. They devoted their major efforts to amassing wealth through commerce

This question was asking about what would go against the MI: 1. SA: My MI was totally different, it was about how the the Royal Society was created by Charles II 2. Puritan: I did not know what that meant a. Puritan: Religious affiliation: 3. I chose D since I thought Puritan were "Born to families of merchants" so that they were poor 2. How to Answer: Pick an answer that goes against the MI: 3. A. They opposed the idea that were not supported by religious doctrine

What does an "assumption" mean in CARS?

To Imply something: It is implied but not stated: