A&&p2 chapter 26 Quiz

The term alkaline reserve is used to describe the ________ buffer system.

Bicarbonate

Which of the following is not a disorder of water balance

excessive hydration due to excess ANP secretion

The most important force causing net water flow across capillary walls is

hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood

Problems with fluid, electrolyte, and acid base balance are particularly common in infants because of their

inefficient kidneys

The regulation of potassium balance ________.

involves aldosterone-induced secretion of potassium

The regulation of sodium ________.

is linked to blood pressure

The movement of fluids between cellular compartments ________.

is regulated by osmotic and hydrostatic forces

Blood analysis indicates a low pH, and the patient is breathing rapidly. Given your knowledge of acid-base balance, which of the following is most likely?

metabolic acidosis

Which of the following is not a chemical buffer system

nucleic acid

Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and potassium between cells and body fluids

K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids

atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to

reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium and water retention

The maintenance of the proper pH of the body fluids may be the result of ________.

the control of respiratory ventilation

Hypoproteinemia is a condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins. This problem is often characterized by ________.

tissue edema

Whereas sodium is found mainly in the extracellular fluid, most ________ is found in the intracellular fluid.

Potassium

New born infants have a relatively higher ____ content in their ECF than do adults.

Sodium

The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of the following ions?

Sodium ions

Which of the following does not depend on the presence of electrolytes

The amount of body fat

Which of the following hormones is important in the regulation of sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid

aldosterone

What hormone reduces blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting nearly all events that promote vasoconstriction and sodium ion and water retention?

atrial natriuretic peptide

Which of the following statements is true regarding fluid shifts

Electrolytes have greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes and therefore have the greatest ability to cause fluid shifts.