A&P 1: Test 2
functions of integumentary system
1.Regulates body temperature. 2.Stores blood. 3.Protects body from external environment. 4.Detects cutaneous sensations. 5.Excretes and absorbs substances. 6.Synthesizes vitamin D.
Epidermal ridges are only found in thick skin. A. True B. False
A. True
Melanocytes are found in mucous membranes. A. True B. False
A. True
The relative thickness of skin is a response to mechanical stress. A.True B. False
A. True
The dermis houses an extensive network of blood vessels. As a result the skin can function A. as a blood reservoir. B. in protection. C. as an excretory structure. D. in the synthesis of vitamins.
A. as a blood reservoir.
Prior to adulthood hyaline cartilage remains between the diaphysis and epiphysis as the A. epiphyseal plate B. marrow cavity C. articular cartilage D. epiphyseal line
A. epiphyseal plate
Which of the following bone cells help regulate blood calcium levels? Select all that apply. A. osteoclasts B. osteoblasts C. osteogenic cells D. osteocytes
A. osteoclasts B. osteoblasts
Compact bone tissue is found_________________. Select all that apply. A. overlying spongy bone tissue B. beneath the periosteum C. primarily in the axial skeleton D. primarily in irregularly-shaped bones E. in the bulk of the diaphyses of long bones
A. overlying spongy bone tissue B. beneath the periosteum E. in the bulk of the diaphyses of long bones
Which of the following serves as a storage depot for fat? Select all that apply. A. subcutaneous layer B. epidermis C. dermis D. hypodermis
A. subcutaneous layer & D. hypodermis
The skin of individuals with albinism lacks melanocytes. A. True B. False
B. False
_________ are formed from the fusion of monocytes. A. Osteoblasts B. Osteoclasts C. Osteocytes D. Osteogenic cell
B. Osteoclasts
"Goose bumps" are caused by the action of which structure? A. hair root plexus B. arrector pili C. hair matrix D. external root sheath
B. arrector pili
The outer fibrous layer of the periosteum is composed of A. reticular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. dense regular connective tissue D. loose irregular connective tissue
B. dense irregular connective tissue
The thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity is the A. yellow bone marrow B. endosteum C. periosteum D. epiphyseal line
B. endosteum
The hair shaft is an outgrowth of the A. dermis B. epidermis C. hypodermis D. subcutaneous tissue
B. epidermis
The thinnest layer of the skin is the _________. A. dermis B. epidermis C. hypodermis D. subcutaneous layer
B. epidermis
The ____________ is responsible for the lengthwise growth of long bones. A. epiphyseal line B. epiphyseal plate C. marrow cavity D. articular cartilage
B. epiphyseal plate
During intramembranous ossification, mesenchyme cells condense at the periphery of the bone and develop into the A. endosteum B. periosteum C. perichondrium D. cartilage model
B. periosteum
The tough connective tissue sheath that surrounds the bone surface where it is not covered by articular cartilage is the A. epiphysis B. periosteum C. perichondrium D. endosteum
B. periosteum
Blood vessels are especially abundant in the portion of the bone containing A. osteogenic cells B. red bone marrow C. yellow bone marrow D. osteoclast
B. red bone marrow
Which of the following is(are) present only in thin skin? Select all that apply. A. stratum lucidum B. sebaceous glands C. arrector pili muscles D. hair follicles E. epidermal ridges
B. sebaceous glands C. arrector pili muscles D. hair follicles
Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin? A. stratum spinosum B. stratum lucidum C. stratum basale D. stratum corneum E. stratum granulosum
B. stratum lucidum
In the embryo, the epidermis initially consists of a single layer of cells called the_____.
Basal layer
The deepest layer of the epidermis is the stratum _______. A. lucidum B. granulosum C. basale D. corneum E. spinosum
C. Basale
The hair shaft is an outgrowth of the A. subcutaneous tissue B. hypodermis C. epidermis D. dermis
C. epidermis
The epiphyseal plate in growing bones is located in the ________. A. periosteum B. diaphysis C. metaphysis D. epiphysis
C. metaphysis
All of the following structures are found in the trabeculae of spongy bone tissue EXCEPT A. central canals B. concentric lamellae C. canaliculi D. lacunae
Central canals
Prophase
Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
integumentary system
Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail. protecting the body and helping regulate body temperature. It also allows you to sense pleasurable, painful, and other stimuli in your external environment.
Which of the following is a skin condition that indicates the blood is inadequately oxygenated? A. albinism B. jaundice C. vitiligo D. cyanosis E. erythema
D. Cyanosis
Which of these is responsible for the growth of hair? A. hair root plexus B. external root sheath C. arrector pili D. hair matrix
D. hair matrix
The most abundant cells of the epidermis are _______ A. Merkel cells B. Langerhans cells C. Merkel discs D. keratinocytes E. melanocytes
D. keratinocytes
Which of the following guard against dehydration? Select all that apply. A. intraepidermal macrophages B. dermal blood vessels C. melanin D. lipids from lamellar granules E. acidic pH of perspiration
D. lipids from lamellar granules
The dermis is derived from which embryonic tissue? A. basoderm B. mesenchyme C. periderm D. mesoderm E. ectoderm
D. mesoderm
The ___________of a bone is/are rich in sensory nerves. A. diaphysis B. epiphyses C. metaphyses D. periosteum
D. periosteum
The synthesis of vitamin D in the skin requires A. calcitrol B. melanin C. calcium D. ultraviolet rays from the sun
D. ultraviolet rays from the sun
Which of these glands helps keep hair from drying and becoming brittle? A. mammary B. ceruminous C. apocrine D. eccrine E. sebaceous
E. sebaceous
Which of the following has the fewest number of layers of cells? A. stratum granulosum B. stratum spinosum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum corneum E. stratum basale
E. stratum basale
In which layer of the epidermis do the keratinocytes shrink and pull apart when prepared for microscopic observation? A. stratum corneum B. stratum lucidum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum basale E. stratum spinosum
E. stratum spinosum
Dermis
Inner layer of skin connective tissue vascular
The auditory ossicles and the _______ are the only movable bones of the skull
Mandible
Explain the origin of epidermal ridges.
The epidermal ridges are formed when the epidermis adapts to the contours of the dermal papillae that is underneath the epidermis
Telophase
The spindle apparatus disappears, and the two nuclei reform. Chromosomes unwind and reform chromatin
The spaces between the trabeculae in spongy bone are filled with _________________. Select all that apply. A. calcium hydroxide B. yellow bone marrow C. adipose tissue D. hydroxyapatite E. calcium phosphate F. red bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow, adipose tissue, & red bone marrow.
As bones break down, they release minerals such as which of the following? Select all that apply. A. copper B. sodium C. iron D. calcium E. phosphorus
calcium & phosphorus
Which of the following are substances that may be stored in bones? Select all that apply. A. glycogen B. calcium C. triglycerides D. copper
calcium & triglycerides
Which of the following is not a function of the skin? A. thermoregulation B. storage of blood C. synthesis of calcium D. protection from microbes E. protection from dehydration
correct Answer is C : synthesis of calcium
skin
cutaneous membrane
The ___________ of a bone is/are not rich in sensory nerves. A. diaphysis B. periosteum C. epiphyses D. metaphyses
diaphysis, epiphyses, & metaphyses
Cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm, cleavage furrow constricts the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
The epidermis is derived from the______.
ectoderm
Merkel cells
function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings
Which of the following give protection against microbes? Select all that apply. A. keratin B. acidic pH of perspiration C. melanin D. lipids from lamellar granules E. Sebum
karatin, acidic pH of perspiration, & sebum.
Hypodermis
loose connective tissue layer of skin below the dermis. subcutaneous layer
Red bone marrow consists of ____________. Select all that apply. A. macrophages B. adipocytes C. chondroblasts D. fibroblasts E. developing blood cells F. osteocytes
macrophages, adipocytes, fibroblasts, & developing blood cells.
The dermis is derived from the______.
mesoderm
Another name for a nevus is a_________.
mole
Adult bones containing red bone marrow include the_________________. Select all that apply. A. ribs B. pelvic bones C. phalanges D. fibula E. vertebrae F. radius
ribs, pelvic bones, and vertebrae.
Metaphase
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Epidermis
superficial, thinner portion, which is composed of epithelial tissue. Outer layer. avascular
Anaphase
the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles