A&P 1 week 1

Ovary organ system

reproductive and endocrine

Gallbladder body cavity

abdominopelvic

Liver body cavity

abdominopelvic

Hierarchy of structural organization of life

1. Chemical (simplest): atoms (elements), molecules and compounds. 2. Cells 3. Tissues 4. Organs 5. Systems 6. Organism (most complex)

Ovary body cavity

Abdominopelvic

Homeostasis description

Ability to maintain stable internal conditions, constantly disrupted from external and internal environment, nervous and endocrine maintain homeostasis through feedback systems: nervous system carries info on sensory and motor nerves, endocrine system carries info in blood.

Organs

Body part made of two or more tissues that performs a specific function. includes heart, lungs, blood vessels, skin, kidneys.

C.H.N.O.P.S.

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur.

Tissues

Cells connected together to perform a common function.

Pituitary body cavity

Cranial

Positive feedback mechanisms

Creates self-perpetuating events or "cascades" to strengthen or reinforce original stimulus to speed response. Changes occur in same direction as that of initial change. Ex. Blood clotting and labor contractions.

Liver organ system

Digestive

Parietal serosa

Double layer membrane, lines cavities, allows organ movement.

Visceral serosa

Double layer membrane, lines organs, allows organ movement.

Negative feedback mechanisms

Effects- shuts off or reverses original stimulus. Causes change in opposite direction to that if initial hangs. Maintains physiological functions within narrow range. Most common control system in the body. Ex. Glucose regulation, HR, BP, RR, temp regulation (nervous systems).

Adrenal organ system

Endocrine

4 major tissue types

Epithelial (covers inside and outside), muscle (contracts-shortens to produce movement), nervous (conducts stimulation).

Organism

Group of organ systems acting as a unit. The human body!

Systems

Group of organs that work together to perform a vital function.

Atoms (elements)

Limited unique varieties of matter that make up all substances. Most common elements in the body: CHNOPS Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur.

Pericardium membrane

Lines heart cavity, allows organ movement.

Pleura membrane

Lines lung cavity, allows organ movement.

Major body systems

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immune, respiratory, endocrine, digestive, urinary, reproductive.

Peritoneum membrane

Lines the abdominopelvic cavity, allows organ movement.

Pituitary organ system

Nervous

Adrenal body cavity

Not in cavity

Diaphragm body cavity

Not in cavity

Kidney body cavity

Not in cavity

Pancreas body cavity

Not in cavity (partially abdominopelvic).

Integumentary

Organ: skin Cavity: not in cavity Functions: covers, protects from injury, dehydration, infection. Synthesizes vitamin D. Contains cutaneous receptors, sweat glands and oil glands.

Thyroid body cavity

Pleural

Diaphragm organ system

Respiratory and muscular

Cell

Smallest unit of life. Contains organelles and other structures which are all made of molecules. Organelles perform unique functions for cell making more efficient. Ex. Mitochondria, nucleus.

Cell membranes

Special tissue created when epithelial covers connective tissue. Usually secretory in function. Includes skin, mucous membranes (respiratory, digestive) and serous (cavity linings).

Homeostasis components

Stimulus (change), receptor (detects change), control center (determines response to stimulus), effector (responds to stimulus).

Molecules and compounds

Substance made up of two or more atoms bonded together. Most common molecule in the body is water. Common organic molecules-proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids.

Kidney organ system

Urinary

Gallbladder organ system

digestive

Pancreas organ system

digestive and endocrine

Thyroid organ system

endocrine