A&P 2 Ch 14 Multiple Choice
The proteins that B cells produce that attack foreign molecules are
antibodies
The red blood cells of type AB blood have on their surfaces
antigens A and B.
Thrombocytopenia is due to a deficiency of
platelets.
The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they are mature are the
red blood cells.
Genotyping differs from serology in that
serology detects diverse antigens, whereas genotyping detects the underlying genetic instructions for those antigens.
As a platelet plug forms, platelets release
serotonin
Blood vessel spasms following an injury are stimulated by
serotonin released from platelets.
Universal precautions are
specific measures that health-care workers should take to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens in the workplace.
Which of the following drinks reduces the amount of iron absorbed from food?
tea
The final step in the formation of a blood clot is
that thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
The release of tissue thromboplastin initiates
the extrinsic clotting mechanism.
Hematocrit is
the percent of red blood cells in a blood sample.
Heparin prevents blood clotting by
inhibiting the formation of prothrombin activator and the action of thrombin on fibrinogen.
Vitamin B12 is poorly absorbed in the absence of
intrinsic factor
Heme released from hemoglobin in aged red blood cells is decomposed in the liver into
iron and the bile pigment biliverdin, which is eventually converted to bilirubin.
Stacy has been tired and bruising easily, and she's had three respiratory infections in the past few months. She has also had headaches and a few nosebleeds. A physician should check her for
leukemia.
The formed elements in the blood are
mostly red blood cells.
Diapedesis is
movements of white blood cells out of the circulation.
Marianne has small, bruise-like spots on her skin and a low platelet count. These blemishes are most likely
petechiae.
What percentage of the US population is Rh negative?
15% of Caucasians and 5% of African Americans
A person with type A blood can successfully donate blood to a person with type ________ blood.
A
Which of the following is an agranulocyte?
A monocyte
The percentage of red blood cells in a sample of human blood is normally about
45%.
Which is the most rare ABO blood type in the US?
AB
Which of the following is not required for the formation of a blood clot?
Albumin
Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis are -prolonged periods of staying still in one position. -use of oral contraceptives or estrogen. -dehydration. -all of the above.
all of the above
Which of the following usually accounts for the smallest percentage of leukocytes in a blood sample?
Basophils
Which of the following elements is included in hemoglobin molecules?
Iron
The distribution of ABO blood types among Korean Americans differs markedly from that of Native Americans in that
Korean Americans have about equal frequency of types O, A, and B, with 10% AB, whereas Native Americans have mostly type O, with type AB very rare.
Which two mature blood cell types descend from myeloblasts?
Neutrophils and basophils
What is the difference between serum and plasma?
Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not.
What is the substance in tea that binds iron, reducing the amount absorbed?
Tannic acid
Sickle cell disease is caused by
a mutation.
Erythroblastosis fetalis may occur in
a second Rh-positive fetus developing in an Rh-negative woman.
A primary function of lymphocytes is to
act against foreign substances.
Hydroxyurea treats sickle cell disease by
activating production of hemoglobin normally produced only in a fetus.
A person with type AB blood can successfully receive blood from a person with type ___________ blood. -A -B -O -all of the above
all of the above
Blood platelets -form from megakaryocytes. -release serotonin. -number from 150,000 - 450,000 per microliter blood. -all of the above.
all of the above
Nonprotein nitrogenous substances include -amino acids. -urea. -creatinine. -all of the above.
all of the above
Pus is composed of
bacteria, white blood cells, and damaged cells.
Plasma electrolytes include
bicarbonate, magnesium, chloride, and potassium ions.
"Formed elements" are
blood cells and platelets.
Platelets are best described as
cytoplasmic fragments of cells.
As a result of starvation or a protein-deficient diet, blood protein concentration
decreases and water accumulates in tissue spaces.
Cyanosis is caused by an increased blood concentration of
deoxyhemoglobin.
Prothrombin time is a blood test used to evaluate
extrinsic clotting mechanism.
The basic event in the formation of a blood clot is the change of
fibrinogen to fibrin.
Biliverdin and bilirubin are pigments that result from the breakdown of red blood cells. Biliverdin is ______ in color and bilirubin is ______ in color.
greenish; orange
Petechiae are a symptom of
thrombocytopenia.
A blood clot that forms abnormally in a blood vessel is a(n)
thrombus
In edema
tissues swell with fluid.
