A&P 2 Ch 14 Multiple Choice

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The proteins that B cells produce that attack foreign molecules are

antibodies

The red blood cells of type AB blood have on their surfaces

antigens A and B.

Thrombocytopenia is due to a deficiency of

platelets.

The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they are mature are the

red blood cells.

Genotyping differs from serology in that

serology detects diverse antigens, whereas genotyping detects the underlying genetic instructions for those antigens.

As a platelet plug forms, platelets release

serotonin

Blood vessel spasms following an injury are stimulated by

serotonin released from platelets.

Universal precautions are

specific measures that health-care workers should take to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens in the workplace.

Which of the following drinks reduces the amount of iron absorbed from food?

tea

The final step in the formation of a blood clot is

that thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

The release of tissue thromboplastin initiates

the extrinsic clotting mechanism.

Hematocrit is

the percent of red blood cells in a blood sample.

Heparin prevents blood clotting by

inhibiting the formation of prothrombin activator and the action of thrombin on fibrinogen.

Vitamin B12 is poorly absorbed in the absence of

intrinsic factor

Heme released from hemoglobin in aged red blood cells is decomposed in the liver into

iron and the bile pigment biliverdin, which is eventually converted to bilirubin.

Stacy has been tired and bruising easily, and she's had three respiratory infections in the past few months. She has also had headaches and a few nosebleeds. A physician should check her for

leukemia.

The formed elements in the blood are

mostly red blood cells.

Diapedesis is

movements of white blood cells out of the circulation.

Marianne has small, bruise-like spots on her skin and a low platelet count. These blemishes are most likely

petechiae.

What percentage of the US population is Rh negative?

15% of Caucasians and 5% of African Americans

A person with type A blood can successfully donate blood to a person with type ________ blood.

A

Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

A monocyte

The percentage of red blood cells in a sample of human blood is normally about

45%.

Which is the most rare ABO blood type in the US?

AB

Which of the following is not required for the formation of a blood clot?

Albumin

Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis are -prolonged periods of staying still in one position. -use of oral contraceptives or estrogen. -dehydration. -all of the above.

all of the above

Which of the following usually accounts for the smallest percentage of leukocytes in a blood sample?

Basophils

Which of the following elements is included in hemoglobin molecules?

Iron

The distribution of ABO blood types among Korean Americans differs markedly from that of Native Americans in that

Korean Americans have about equal frequency of types O, A, and B, with 10% AB, whereas Native Americans have mostly type O, with type AB very rare.

Which two mature blood cell types descend from myeloblasts?

Neutrophils and basophils

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not.

What is the substance in tea that binds iron, reducing the amount absorbed?

Tannic acid

Sickle cell disease is caused by

a mutation.

Erythroblastosis fetalis may occur in

a second Rh-positive fetus developing in an Rh-negative woman.

A primary function of lymphocytes is to

act against foreign substances.

Hydroxyurea treats sickle cell disease by

activating production of hemoglobin normally produced only in a fetus.

A person with type AB blood can successfully receive blood from a person with type ___________ blood. -A -B -O -all of the above

all of the above

Blood platelets -form from megakaryocytes. -release serotonin. -number from 150,000 - 450,000 per microliter blood. -all of the above.

all of the above

Nonprotein nitrogenous substances include -amino acids. -urea. -creatinine. -all of the above.

all of the above

Pus is composed of

bacteria, white blood cells, and damaged cells.

Plasma electrolytes include

bicarbonate, magnesium, chloride, and potassium ions.

"Formed elements" are

blood cells and platelets.

Platelets are best described as

cytoplasmic fragments of cells.

As a result of starvation or a protein-deficient diet, blood protein concentration

decreases and water accumulates in tissue spaces.

Cyanosis is caused by an increased blood concentration of

deoxyhemoglobin.

Prothrombin time is a blood test used to evaluate

extrinsic clotting mechanism.

The basic event in the formation of a blood clot is the change of

fibrinogen to fibrin.

Biliverdin and bilirubin are pigments that result from the breakdown of red blood cells. Biliverdin is ______ in color and bilirubin is ______ in color.

greenish; orange

Petechiae are a symptom of

thrombocytopenia.

A blood clot that forms abnormally in a blood vessel is a(n)

thrombus

In edema

tissues swell with fluid.


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