A&P - CH. 2.5-2.7: Chemistry Comes Alive - DSMs

Catabolic reactions involve __________________. A release of energy input of energy synthesis formation of chemical bonds

A release of energy

Something with a pH of 5 would ___________________. Have more H+ ions than OH- ions have fewer H+ ions than OH- ions be described as neutral

Acidic. Have more H+ ions than OH- ions

Which of the following is not a way to distinguish an acid from a base? When tasting an acidic substance, it will have a sour taste. When tasting a basic substance, it will have a bitter taste. An acidic substance will have a sticky feel. A basic substance will have a slippery feel.

An acidic substance will have a sticky feel.

Which of the following is false regarding carbon? Carbon never loses or gains electrons. Carbon always shares electrons. All carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and fats contain carbon. Carbon contains 6 valence shell electrons.

Carbon contains 6 valence shell electrons.

Which of the following is true concerning the rates of chemical reactions? Chemical reaction progress most rapidly when the reacting particles are present in high numbers because their chance of successful collisions is greater. The larger the molecule the more readily it can find another molecule to react with. Higher temperature reduces the speed that molecules travel so they have more time to react. Catalysts are molecules that speed up chemical reactions as they chemically change.

Chemical reaction progress most rapidly when the reacting particles are present in high numbers because their chance of successful collisions is greater.

If a cell were to become larger, but not gain or lose any of the chemicals inside, what would happen to the rate of chemical reactions? Chemical reactions would speed up. Chemical reactions would slow down. Chemical reactions would stay the same. It is impossible to know.

Chemical reactions would slow down.

Which of the following statements concerning water, salt, and electrolytes is false? Maintaining proper ionic balance in our body fluids is one of the most crucial homeostatic roles of the kidneys. All ions are electrolytes, substances that conduct an electrical current in solution. The electrolyte properties of sodium and potassium ions are essential for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. H+ and hydroxyl ion (OH−) are the most abundant and important salts in the body.

H+ and hydroxyl ion (OH−) are the most abundant and important salts in the body.

Which of the following factors would speed up the rate of a chemical reaction? High concentration of reacting particles. Larger reacting particles Lower temperature Removing the biological catalysts

High concentration of reacting particles

pH is a concentration unit used to measure the concentration of ________________. Hydrogen ions in a solution. Anions in a solution. Cations in a solution. Hydroxyl ions in a solution.

Hydrogen ions in a solution.

Which of the following types of chemical reactions always involved atoms or molecules combining to form larger more complex molecules? Decomposition Hydrolysis Synthesis Exchange

Synthesis

A + B -> AB Decomposition reaction reversible reaction synthesis reaction exchange reaction

Synthesis Reaction

When a cell is placed in a solution that is more concentrated, water will leave the cell and the cell will shrink. What will happen to the rate of intracellular chemical reactions in this situation? The rate of chemical reactions will speed up. The rate of chemical reactions will slow down. The rate of chemical reactions will stay the same.

The rate of chemical reactions will speed up.

Which of the following is not a property of water? Water helps protect certain organs from physical trauma. Water can easily split into its component parts of H and OH in order to balance acid in the body. Water is important in breaking apart proteins and carbs for digestion. Water resists changes in temp caused by external factors.

Water can easily split into its component parts of H and OH in order to balance acid in the body.

Which of the following is true regarding hydrolysis reactions? Covalent bonds unite the monomers. Water molecules are added as the polymer elongates. Monomers are joined together. Water is added and building blocks are released.

Water is added and building blocks are released.

All ions are _________. Polar molecules nonpolar molecules acids electrolytes

electrolytes

AB + C -> AC + B Decomposition reaction reversible reaction synthesis reaction exchange reaction

exchange reaction

Lemon juice is more acidic than coffee because ___________________. lemon juice has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions and therefore a higher pH value compared to black coffee. lemon juice has a higher concentration of hydroxyl ions and therefore a lower pH value compared to black coffee. lemon juice has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, and therefore a lower pH value compared to black coffee. lemon juice has a lower concentration of hydroxyl ions and therefore a higher pH value compared to black coffee.

lemon juice has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, and therefore a lower pH value compared to black coffee.

Buffers tend to prevent dramatic changes in the pH when ____________ are added to a solution. oxygen molecules proton donors or proton acceptors hydrogen gas molecules glucose molecules

proton donors or proton acceptors

In biochemistry, and thus in the body, the universal solvent is ________________. Water blood alcohol lymph oxygen

water