A&P Chap 14: Autonomic Nervous System
Adrenergic fibers release which of the following neurotransmitters? A. Accelerate B. Decrease force of cardiac contractions C. Decrease diameter of respiratory passageways D. Increase salivation
accelerate heart rate
Which of the following neurotransmitters is released by cholinergic synapses? A. Serotonin B. Acetylcholine C. Norepinephrine D. Adrenaline
acetylcholine
Which of the following neurotransmitters is released from all preganglionic fibers of sympathetic and parasympathetic axons? A. Acetylcholine B. Norepinephrine C. Epinephrine D. Dopamine
acetylcholine
Which of the following receptors increases norepinephrine release? A. Nicotinic B. Muscarinic C. Adrenergic D. Acetylcholinesterase E. Parasympathetic
adrenergic
The stimulation of which receptors may cause constriction of nasal mucosa blood vessels? A. Beta-1 B. Beta-2 C. Beta-3 D. Alpha-1 andrenergic
alpha-1 andregenic
Which of the following controls visceral effectors? A. Motor neurons B. ANS C. SNS D. General sensory receptors
ans
Where do sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord? A. At the first thoracic vertebrae B. Via the ventral root C. In the hypothalamus D. Through the cardiac plexus E. In the lung bronchioles
at the first thoracic vertebrae
Due to uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons:
autonomic dysreflexia
Important for dual innervation:
autonomic tone
Which of the following beta receptors can be used for asthma? A. Beta 4 B. Either beta 1 or beta 2 C. Beta 3 D. Beta 2 E. Beta 1
beta 2
Which of the following types of receptors is affected by medications that treat asthma? A. Beta-1 B. Beta-2 C. Beta-3 D. Beta-4
beta-2
Which of the following supplies dual innervation to an organ? A. Nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord B. Two nerves from the spinal cord C. Both autonomic and somatomotor nerves D. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
Which of the following receptors are found in sweat glands? A. Beta B. Alpha-1 C. Alpha-2 D. Cholinergic
cholinergic
Ganglia that is only in the abdomen and pelvis:
collateral ganglia
The resting and digesting division of the autonomic nervous system does which of the following as stress subsides? A. Decreases heart and breathing rates B. Dilates the airways C. Prepares the body for activity D. Increases autonomic tone of the peripheral blood vessels E. Increases heart and breathing rates
decreases heart and breathing rates
The effects of ACh and NE upon their effectors are not always _____ or _____.
excitatory; inhibitory
By using autonomic pathways, the brain stem helps regulate hunger and thirst. A. True B. False
false
Nicotinic agents have parasympathomimetic effects. A. True B. False
false
For how long does ACh usually affect postsynaptic membranes? A. For several hours B. For more than 60 minutes C. For more than 15 minutes D. Fractions of a second E. For a few seconds
fractions of a second
Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and synapse into which of the following? A. Ganglionic neurons B. Motor neurons C. Afferent neurons D. Postganglionic neurons
ganglionic neurons
Where do parasympathetic fibers originate? A. In the oculomotor nerves B. In the brain and sacral spinal cord C. In the large glands of the head D. In the pulmonary plexuses E. In the distal half of the large intestine
in the brain and sacral spinal cord
When NE binds to the b1 receptors of cardiac muscle, heart activity _____.
increases
ANS is which type of system:
involuntary nervous system
Which of the following statements is true about increased parasympathetic stimulation? A. It causes sweat glands to release sweat B. It causes the pupils to dilate C. It increases gastric motility D. It increases blood pressure
it increases motility
Which of the following is true about Raynaud's disease? A. It is signified by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities B. It is life threatening C. It occurs primarily in liver diseases D. It occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord E. It is induced by heat stress
it is signified by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities
Which of the following best describes autonomic ganglia? A. Sensory ganglia B. Having one neuron C. Lacking neurons D. Absent of acetylcholine or norepinephrine E. Motor ganglia
motor ganglia
Adrenergic fibers release which of the following neurotransmitters? A. Dopamine B. Acetylcholine C. Norepinephrine D. Serotonin
norepinephrine
Which of the following is the division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains homeostasis while you are in a resting condition? A. Somatomotor B. Sympathetic C. Parasympathetic D. Thoracolumbar
parasympathetic
Extends to the effector organ:
postganglionic axon
Synapses with a second motor neuron to make a ganglionic neuron:
preganglionic axon
The parasympathetic nervous system dominates in which of the following conditions? A. Rest B. Stress C. Trauma D. Exertion
rest
Nerves formed by preganglionic fibers:
splanchnic nerves
ACh binding to nicotinic receptors always causes _____.
stimulation
What happens when ACh binds to nicotinic receptors? A. Inhibition B. Secretion C. Stimulation D. No action
stimulation
Controlled by the hypothalamus:
sympathetic activation
Closer to the spinal cord than parasympathetic ganglia:
sympathetic ganglia
The fight or flight response is a function of which of the following? A. Cerebrum B. Sympathetic nervous system C. Parasympathetic nervous system D.Hypothalamus E. Somatic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
On each side of the vertebral column:
sympathetic trunks
Which of the following can best be described as sympathetic fibers? A. Cervical B. Coccygeal C. Thoracolumbar D. Sacral E. Ventral
thoracolumbar
The vascular system is almost entirely innervated by sympathetic fibers. A. True B. False
true
How many neurons are actually contained in ANS neurons? A. Five B. Four C. Three D. Two E. One
two
ANS neurotransmitters bind with how many types of receptors? A. Two or more B. Only two C. Just a single receptor D. None E. Always more than ten
two or more
Approximately 80%-90% of parasympathetic outflow is provided by the: A. cranial nerves B. sciatic nerve C. vagus nerve D. optic nerve
vagus nerve
Where preganglionic fibers leave the spinal cord:
ventral root