A&P Chap 14: Autonomic Nervous System

Adrenergic fibers release which of the following neurotransmitters? A. Accelerate B. Decrease force of cardiac contractions C. Decrease diameter of respiratory passageways D. Increase salivation

accelerate heart rate

Which of the following neurotransmitters is released by cholinergic synapses? A. Serotonin B. Acetylcholine C. Norepinephrine D. Adrenaline

acetylcholine

Which of the following neurotransmitters is released from all preganglionic fibers of sympathetic and parasympathetic axons? A. Acetylcholine B. Norepinephrine C. Epinephrine D. Dopamine

acetylcholine

Which of the following receptors increases norepinephrine release? A. Nicotinic B. Muscarinic C. Adrenergic D. Acetylcholinesterase E. Parasympathetic

adrenergic

The stimulation of which receptors may cause constriction of nasal mucosa blood vessels? A. Beta-1 B. Beta-2 C. Beta-3 D. Alpha-1 andrenergic

alpha-1 andregenic

Which of the following controls visceral effectors? A. Motor neurons B. ANS C. SNS D. General sensory receptors

ans

Where do sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord? A. At the first thoracic vertebrae B. Via the ventral root C. In the hypothalamus D. Through the cardiac plexus E. In the lung bronchioles

at the first thoracic vertebrae

Due to uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons:

autonomic dysreflexia

Important for dual innervation:

autonomic tone

Which of the following beta receptors can be used for asthma? A. Beta 4 B. Either beta 1 or beta 2 C. Beta 3 D. Beta 2 E. Beta 1

beta 2

Which of the following types of receptors is affected by medications that treat asthma? A. Beta-1 B. Beta-2 C. Beta-3 D. Beta-4

beta-2

Which of the following supplies dual innervation to an organ? A. Nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord B. Two nerves from the spinal cord C. Both autonomic and somatomotor nerves D. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

Which of the following receptors are found in sweat glands? A. Beta B. Alpha-1 C. Alpha-2 D. Cholinergic

cholinergic

Ganglia that is only in the abdomen and pelvis:

collateral ganglia

The resting and digesting division of the autonomic nervous system does which of the following as stress subsides? A. Decreases heart and breathing rates B. Dilates the airways C. Prepares the body for activity D. Increases autonomic tone of the peripheral blood vessels E. Increases heart and breathing rates

decreases heart and breathing rates

The effects of ACh and NE upon their effectors are not always _____ or _____.

excitatory; inhibitory

By using autonomic pathways, the brain stem helps regulate hunger and thirst. A. True B. False

false

Nicotinic agents have parasympathomimetic effects. A. True B. False

false

For how long does ACh usually affect postsynaptic membranes? A. For several hours B. For more than 60 minutes C. For more than 15 minutes D. Fractions of a second E. For a few seconds

fractions of a second

Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and synapse into which of the following? A. Ganglionic neurons B. Motor neurons C. Afferent neurons D. Postganglionic neurons

ganglionic neurons

Where do parasympathetic fibers originate? A. In the oculomotor nerves B. In the brain and sacral spinal cord C. In the large glands of the head D. In the pulmonary plexuses E. In the distal half of the large intestine

in the brain and sacral spinal cord

When NE binds to the b1 receptors of cardiac muscle, heart activity _____.

increases

ANS is which type of system:

involuntary nervous system

Which of the following statements is true about increased parasympathetic stimulation? A. It causes sweat glands to release sweat B. It causes the pupils to dilate C. It increases gastric motility D. It increases blood pressure

it increases motility

Which of the following is true about Raynaud's disease? A. It is signified by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities B. It is life threatening C. It occurs primarily in liver diseases D. It occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord E. It is induced by heat stress

it is signified by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities

Which of the following best describes autonomic ganglia? A. Sensory ganglia B. Having one neuron C. Lacking neurons D. Absent of acetylcholine or norepinephrine E. Motor ganglia

motor ganglia

Adrenergic fibers release which of the following neurotransmitters? A. Dopamine B. Acetylcholine C. Norepinephrine D. Serotonin

norepinephrine

Which of the following is the division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains homeostasis while you are in a resting condition? A. Somatomotor B. Sympathetic C. Parasympathetic D. Thoracolumbar

parasympathetic

Extends to the effector organ:

postganglionic axon

Synapses with a second motor neuron to make a ganglionic neuron:

preganglionic axon

The parasympathetic nervous system dominates in which of the following conditions? A. Rest B. Stress C. Trauma D. Exertion

rest

Nerves formed by preganglionic fibers:

splanchnic nerves

ACh binding to nicotinic receptors always causes _____.

stimulation

What happens when ACh binds to nicotinic receptors? A. Inhibition B. Secretion C. Stimulation D. No action

stimulation

Controlled by the hypothalamus:

sympathetic activation

Closer to the spinal cord than parasympathetic ganglia:

sympathetic ganglia

The fight or flight response is a function of which of the following? A. Cerebrum B. Sympathetic nervous system C. Parasympathetic nervous system D.Hypothalamus E. Somatic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system

On each side of the vertebral column:

sympathetic trunks

Which of the following can best be described as sympathetic fibers? A. Cervical B. Coccygeal C. Thoracolumbar D. Sacral E. Ventral

thoracolumbar

The vascular system is almost entirely innervated by sympathetic fibers. A. True B. False

true

How many neurons are actually contained in ANS neurons? A. Five B. Four C. Three D. Two E. One

two

ANS neurotransmitters bind with how many types of receptors? A. Two or more B. Only two C. Just a single receptor D. None E. Always more than ten

two or more

Approximately 80%-90% of parasympathetic outflow is provided by the: A. cranial nerves B. sciatic nerve C. vagus nerve D. optic nerve

vagus nerve

Where preganglionic fibers leave the spinal cord:

ventral root