ANTH 1170 Exam 2! (best)
Karl Marx
"Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past. The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living."
Popina Mai
"father of plantation" dies in tribal warfare when joe was in Austrailia, regarded Joe as big man. Upset when Joe fled
Bonilla and Rosa
#Ferguson
Iran 2009 elections
#IranElection reached 221,744 per hour at its eak Tiwtter and other social media platforms were cited as "helping protestors to orchestrate demonstration logistics and movement through the streets of Tehran' #CNNFail - made CNN cover more of the electoral process Obama administration pressured the Iranian government to maintain twitteraccess during struggles
If a double cappuccino sells for $3.75, about how much of that price goes to the farmer who produces the beans?
$0.21 or 5%
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
(all of the above) discrimination forced expulsion genocide
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
(all of the above) they display freshly butchered meat they keep relics of animal parts as decoration they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy?
(all of the above) gang rape paternal abandonment sexual conquest
colonialism
(same as cultural imperialism) -spread of a cultures power-dominating
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that the decision to "re-veil" among young Muslim women in Turkey, Egypt, and Iran:
* affirms a deep devotion to Islam *critiques what these women perceive as depraved Western values and practices *renders acceptable their insertion into the modern workplace
coffee in the world market
- $70-80 billion year industry -Brazil, vietnam, indonisia, columbia, india -US consumes 450 mil/6oz cups per day
Ideological trafficking
- how arguments are networked within a single occasion to show that ideaologies traffic across time and texts
Power networks
- the rleations that constitute the foundation of all socieities, as well as the processes challenging institutionalized power relations are increasingly shaped and decided in the communication field
Hunting and gathering
-80% gathering 20% hunting - work 5-6 hour per day, 3 days per week -work 15-20 hours per week
Yanomamo's diet + cultivation
-80-90% of the Yanomamo's diet comes from their gardens -People work for about 3-4 hours per day -A garden lasts for about 3 years -People move because a garden is depleted, but also because of political conflict and warfare with neighboring groups
Yanomamo
-80-90% of their diet comes from their gardens -people works 3-4 hours per day -a garden lasts about 3 years -people move because a gardens is depleted, but also because of political conflict and warfare with neighboring groups
According to Aufdeheide what is a documentary
-A documentary film tells a story about real life -claims to truthfulness -expect to be told things about the real world, things that are true We do not demand that these things be -portrayed objectively -do not have to be the complete truth -expect that a documentary will be a fair and honest representation of somebody's experience
Chiefdom
-A form of complex society intermediate between band + tribal societies and formally organized burequcratic state societies -A political economy that organizes regional populations in the thousands or tens of thousands through hierarchy of leaders -Chiefs own, manage and control factors of production + have privilege to access strategic and luxury goods
Villages of Tribes
-A village must be large enough to defend itself from attack -A village must be small enough to minimize the internal conflict that leads to fissioning -Village size is thus a response to both external and internal pressures
Faber report
-Advocated the development that benefitted the indigenous inhabitants of the country and government so it could develop infrastructure -Sponsored by UN development program and Australian government
International Coffee Agreement
-Attempt to stabilize coffee market by imposing qotas and price controls on 43 exporting and 23 importing countries which was 99% of the global coffee market -Mixed blessing for African countries -Collapsed in 1989
Two main critiques of Chagnon
-Chagnon not only misrepresented the Yanomamo - he instigated and promoted violence and warfare -Chagnon and Neel knowingly endangered the lives and health of the Yanomamo people they studied
First Contact
-First meeting of Australians and New Guinea tribes in 1920s. -Australians were Joe Leahy's father and brother -Australians mine gold -Natives thought that Australians were their anscestors returned from the dead until they saw white man use the bathroom -2 natives were killed -Australians used planes to find gold
Highlands Farmers and Settlers Association
-Formed in 1953 by Jim Leahy, Jim Taylor, and George Greathead -Meant to serve and protect interest of settlers and farmers -Their president was Ian Downs -Ian - "We are here to stay" - The Bulletin
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
-Ghost are sighted, and places of death are avoided -Skulls and bones are regularly unearthed -There is a lingering madness among some of the killers All the above
The state is important to the capitalist mode of production because:
-It guarantees ownership of the means of production by capitalists -It provides the infrastructure and discipline required by capitalist production -It regulates conflict between competing capitalists, by war if necessary
For years, anthropologists had been saying that Chagnon was misrepresenting the Yanomamo
-Jacques Lizot: violence is only sporadic; it never dominates social life for any length of time -Kenneth Good: calling the Yanomamo "The Fierce People" is like calling New Yorkers "The Mugging and Murdering People" -Brian Ferguson: there was a spike in violence when Chagnon was there
Michael Somare
-Leader of papua new guinea union party -Member of house of assembly -Became the first prime minister -Advocated increased localized economic development
In Why We Post, Discovery 8, what evidence do Miller et al present that social media is not making the world more homogeneous?
-Local dialect is frequently used on social media -Local factors, such as social hierarchy in caste and class, are expressed on social media -The largest population in the world, China, uses entirely different social media platforms to those in the west
In zones of refuge, people have a portfolio of techniques for evading state incorporation:
-Location in remote and marginal areas that are difficult to access -Subsistence routines that maximize dispersion, mobility, and resistance to appropriation -Social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulation, and presents to the outside world a kind of formlessness -Traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy -Broad repertories of languages and ethnic affiliations -A capacity for prophetic reinvention -Short and/or oral genealogies -Talent for fragmentation
In zones of refuge, people have a portfolio of techniques for evading state incorporation:
-Location in remote and marginal areas that are difficult to access -Subsistence routines that maximize dispersion, mobility, and resistance to appropriation -Social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulation, and presents to the outside word a kind of formlessness -Traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy -Broad repertories of languages and ethnic affiliations -A capacity for prophetic reinvention -Short and/or oral genealogies -Talent for fragmentation
Semi-periphery countries
-Mexico -Brazil -South Africa -China -India -Indonesia
Leveling mechanisms include:
-Mobility and flexibility -Access to means of coercion -Access to food and other resources -Sharing -Sanctions on the accumulation of personal possessions -Transmission of possessions between people -Leadership and decision-making
Media accusations against Chagnon
-Neel did not get informed consent -Yanomami blood was prevued in American laboratories -Chagnon never opposed misuse of his work in the Brazilian press -Chagnon did oppose the Yanomami activist Davi Kopenawa -Chagnon didi not share the $1 million of royalties from his book -Tierny's sources are questionable -The AAA never investigated Chagnon before the publication of Darkness -The AAA "open forum" was biased against Tierney -Only after public comment did the AAA Task Force actually address the accusations against Chagnon -Questions of the inequality of power, informed consent, and professional integrity
Periphery countries
-Northern South America -Africa -Middle East -Russia -Eastern Europe
Sukarno
-President from 1945 to 1967 -anti-imperialist -In the 1950s, increased support for the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) -Alienated the landed elite, the military and many Muslims
Suharto
-President from 1967-1998 -Regime known as the New Order -Backed by the US and CIA -It all begins with the 30 September Movement (G30S)
What is a tribe? #3
-Provisionally, a tribe can be defined as a secondary formation that emerged when large, complex state societies created tribal groups through the process of subjugation and domination -A tribe is an ethnic minority in a state society -Elman Service said that societies evolve from band to tribe to chiefdom to state -Milton Fried said there is no evidence that tribes existed before states; in fact, the evidence suggests that tribes came into being in response to expanding states Pierre Clastres, Society against the State James Scott, The Art of Not Being Governed
Christopher Boehm says that the most effective mechanisms are intentional (1993). these include:
-Public opinion -Criticism and ridicule -Disobedience -Extreme sanctions -In egalitarian societies, there is a "reverse dominance hierarchy."
Kaugun
-Second coffee plantation started by Joe Leahy. -60% profits went to Joe -40% profits went to natives -Coffee prices collapsed after starting
According to Davis in "Another World" which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World?
-The 19th-century natural history museum -19th-century zoological garden -Turn-of-the-century nature appreciation
The main features of the theater state were:
-The king was a divine being -The fertility of the realm was a reflection of the king -Social rank was based on proximity to the ruler -The king's domain spread outward in concentric circles -The power of the king was potentially infinite -In material terms, the strength of a ruler and his state was based on the number of subjects under control rather size of the territory -The objective of warfare between states was to capture population, not territory -State space was lowland space; highland space was tribal
Core countries
-USA -Canada -Iceland -Australia -Japan -Most of western Europe -New Zeland
What gendered tension(s) does Bourgouis discuss?
-a crisis of masculinity as men turn to violence to reassert their authority -changing family dynamics as women enter the workforce -men's loss of status as "provider" in the family due to loss of factory jobs
Chiefdom
-a form of complex societies intermediate between band or tribal societies and formally organized bureaucratic state societies -a political economy that organizes regional populations in thousands or tens of thousands through a hierarchy of leaders -chiefs own, manage, and control factors of production and have privileged access to strategic and luxury goods
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
-a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs -corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body -the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death" -all of the above
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
-a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs -corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body -the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death" (all the above)
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that the decision to "re-veil" among young Muslim women in Turkey, Egypt, and Iran:
-affirms a deep devotion to Islam -critiques what these women perceive as depraved Western values and practices -renders acceptable their insertion into the modern workplace -all of the above
In the review by Moon and Talley, what are techniques of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone?
-animistic practices -flexible subsistence strategies -regulation of behavior and limits to authority
Modern states
-capitalist mode of production -relies on what James Scott calls state simplifications to make its population legible -citizens police themselves -driven by continuous economic growth, European capitalists and the states that protected them began to look for new land, resources, labor, and markets outside of Europe, bringing with them the modern state
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
-central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries -the International Monetary Fund and World Bank -U.S. schools of business and finance all of the above
Tribal economy
-choice is often exchange or war -have all three types of reciprocity -tribal leaders operate in this context
Conflict/coercion theories:
-circumscription -conquest -stratification
3 positions of economic and political power in the world systems
-core -periphery -semi-periphery
the broken village
-creation of a coffee coop -religious congregations -deserving vs. undeserving migrants
neoliberalism
-current interventionist ideology -cores states, the IMF, the World Bank, and other international organizations demand deregulation and austerity from peripheral and semi-peripheral states in exchange for loans
Aufderheide
-defines ethnographic film as documentaries abut cultural issues and practices -ethnographic film deals in otherness, so the relationship between filmmaker and subject is particularly fraught.
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
-discrimination -forced expulsion -genocide
Modern state
-driven by European expansion -dominated world -19th century was peak of control, colonialism extracted wealth (began in late 1900s)
Bands
-egalitarian -foraging -reciprocity economy -gender equality -no domestic-public dichotomy
Bands
-egalitarian -foraging -reciprocity economy -gender equality -no domestic-public dichotomy -family by blood -
Tribe
-egalitarian -horticulture or pastoralism -reciprocity economy -matrilineal -domestic-public dichotomy
Tribe
-egalitarian -horticulture or pastoralism -reciprocity economy -matrilineal -domestic-public dichotomy -larger than bands
In Scott's chapter, what are techniques of people living in Zomia?
-flexible and egalitarian social structures -location in remote, difficult to access areas -subsistence strategies that maximize mobility and dispersion
Three types of reciprocity
-generalized -balanced -negative
What do documentaries look like?
-have a large range of formal choice -a shared convention of most documentaries is narrative structure
core nations
-have the most money -monopolize most profitable activities -wealthiest most powerful countries -independent of outside control
Globalization
-in this systemically connected world, people, things, ideas, and images are constantly circulating -This creates the potential for both increased homogeneity and increased heterogeneity -What is global in origin can be localized or indigenized
coffee and the welfare state- costa rica
-isolation led to self reliance and independence -heart of state in social relations
In zones of refugee, people have a portfolio of techniques for evading state incorporation
-location in remote and marginal areas that are difficult to access -subsistence routines that maximize dispersion, mobility, and resistance to appropriation -social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulation, and presents to the outside world a kind of formlessness -traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy -broad repertories of languages and ethnic affiliations -a capacity for prophetic reinvention -short and/or oral genealogies -talent for fragmentation
challenges of fair trade
-low base- barely changed in 10 years -prohibitive environmental/social requirements -unequal sharing/sacrifice -enormous profit to coffee industry, small % to farmer -arbitrary inspections -hard to meet requirements -label fatigue -whites telling people of color what to do
industrial state
-machines produce goods -most productive labor is in factories and office work -majority of society lives in urban centers -people sell labor for cash
Leveling mechanisms
-mobility and flexibility -access to means of coercion -access to food and other resources -sharing -sanctions and accumulation of personal possessions -transmission of possessions between people -leadership and decision-making
premodern states
-mode of production is tributary rather than kin-ordered: The governing elite extract tribute through political means -the state monopolizes the legitimate use of violence -in feudalism, tribute is extracted through economic means as well
Premodern states
-mode of production is tributary rather than kin-ordered: the governing elite extract tribute through political means -the state monopolizes the legitimate use of violence -in feudalism, tribute is extracted through economic means as well
village
-must be large enough to defend itself from attack -must be small enough to minimize the internal conflict that leads to fissioning -village size is a response to both external and internal pressures
John Marshall
-non ethnocentric film about juanzee -live in Guacha(watering hole) -relocated to Tsumkai (see economic inequality, political conflict, violence) -marshall convinces them to go back -lions and elephants have occupied watering hole -wildlife conservation intervenes and Marshall is forced to leave again
Yanomamo villages consists of what Boehm calls fraternal interest groups which are
-patrilineal -patrilocal -polygynous -patriarchal
premodern state
-politics and political authority demonstrated through ritual -globalized world, centralized in china rather europe
certain systems with specialized functions that are found in all states
-population control -judiciary -enforcement -fiscal
Why is there more political conflict and warfare in tribes than in bands?
-population density -land or livestock -women
Why is there more political conflict and warfare in tribes than in bands
-population density -land or livestock -women -the state
benefits of fair trade
-premiums can have large impacts on communities -guaranteed buyers -better environmental conditions for farmers and crop -improves education and health outcomes for children -stability in predicting incomes
Sukarno
-president from 1945-1967 -anti-imperialist -increased support for the indonesian communist party in the 60s (PKI) -alienated the landed elite, the military and many muslims
Suharto
-president from 1967 to 1998 -regime known as the New Order -backed by the US and the CIA -it all begins with the 30 september movement (G30S)
Chiefdom
-ranked -horticulture or pastoralism -redistribution economy -no gender equality -domestic-public dichotomy
Egalitarian Societies
-relatively small groups -low population density -highly nomadic subsistence strategies -loosely defined territorial boundaries Each group is politically independent Within the group: Social organization ties kin together, but is also flexible The constant circulation of material goods inhibits the accumulation of wealth Leadership is informal Conflict is avoided -Kinship tends to be bilateral -Postmarital residence tends to be neolocal or ambilocal
Egalitarian societies
-relatively small groups -low population density -highly nomadic subsistence strategies -loosely defined territorial boundaries -each group is independently dependent
Aspects of regional symbiosis
-resource rich environment -surplus of goods controlled by chiefs -warfare
Capitalism
-separates labor from means of production -people forced to sell labor at a loss -people are forced to buy the goods and services that capital produces (laborer is also the consumer)
Capitalism
-separates labor from means of production -people are forced to sell their labor at a loss -people are also forced to buy the goods and services that capital produces--the laborer is also the consumer -the driving force of capitalism is endless economic growth
Capitalism
-separates labor from the means of production -People are forced to sell their labor at a loss -People are also forced to buy the goods and services that capital produces - the laborer is also the consumer -The driving force of capitalism is endless economic growth
Capitalism
-separates labor from the means of production -people are forced to sell their labor at a loss -people are also forced to buy the good and services that capital produces--the laborer is also the consumer -the driving force of capitalism is endless economic growth
colonialism in Honduras
-silver mining -spanish conquered -300 coups since independence -fruit united bypass gov and tax system
Within egalitarian societies
-social organization ties kin together, but is also flexible -the constant circulation of material goods inhibits the accumulation of wealth -leadership is informal -conflict is avoided
State
-stratified -agriculture or industry -market exchange economy -no gender equality -domestic-public dichotomy
egalitarian kinship
-tends to be bilateral -postmarital residence tends to be neolocal or ambilocal
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
-they display freshly butchered meat -they keep relics of animal parts as decoration -they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that the goal of the modern state is:
-to reduce the chaotic social reality beneath it to something more closely resembling the administrative grid of its observations -to standardize and make legible its subject population -utopian
Documentaries
-uses anthropological concepts and theories -uses ethnographic method -recognizes and upholds ethical obligations to subjects -conducts research and analysis through visual media
Theories of state formation
1) Voluntary 2) Conflict/ Coercion
What are the three key features of a new global economy according to Manuel Castells?
1) it is based on knowledge and information 2) its networks are transnational 3) its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
Anthropocene
1. "the human epic", 2. the earth defined by human impact on the planet
Hollywood fiction
1. 1910s 2. Fictional narratives of imaginary worlds 3. Absence of "reality"
Expository documentary
1. 1920s 2. Directly address issues in the historical world 3. Journalistic 4. Overly didactic 5. Frontline, Nanook?, Pussy Riot, I am Yup'ik
Poetic documentary
1. 1920s 2. Reassemble fragments of the world poetically 3. Lack of specificity 4. Abstract 5. Pearl Button, MWAMC
Observational documentary
1. 1960s 2. Eschew commentary and reenactment 3. Observe things as they happen 4. No interviews 5. Least amount of interference as possible 6. Lack of history and context 7. Pearl Button? Pussy Riot? both have interviews...
Participatory documentary
1. 1960s 2. Interview or interact with subjects 3. Use archival film to retrieve history 4. Faith in witnesses 5. Naive history, too intrusive 6. Pussy Riot?
Reflexive documentary
1. 1980s 2. Question documentary form 3. Defamiliarize the other modes 4. Too abstract, lose sight of actual issues
Performative documentary
1. 1980s 2. Stress subjective aspects of a classically objective discourse 3. Relegate such films to the avant garde 4. Excessive use of style
Global wealth inequality
1. 80% of world has no wealth 2. 43% of world's wealth is top 1% 3. 300 people have more $ than 300,000 4. Need to change rules 5. The system that was put in place during colonialism is essentially still in place --Extracting wealth from poor countries into rich ones
ethnographic film
1. A subset of documentary 2. A more cultural approach 3. Stronger relationship between the subject and the filmmaker
Modern State
1. After 18th century 2. Based on territory -a. Fixed boundaries 3. Authority doesn't diminish from center to borders 4. Resource extraction -a. Capitalism -b. A select group of people control the means of production; you control your labor -c. You must go work for the capitalists with these resources and they will pay you less than you're worth... most profits should be going towards paying you (Marx) -d. In addition to selling your labor at a loss, you use your money to buy capitalist products, so wealth goes back to the big guy -e. Endless growth of economy (conservative economist)
Jared Diamond
1. Anthropologists dislike him (he studies birds...) 2. The World Before Yesterday -a. Makes tribes seem like a relic of the past, which is untrue -b. Tribal people are our contemporaries -c. Sees them as noble savages 3. Guns Germs and Steel -a. Chapter about (institutional) equality -b. Oceania (natural experiment) ---i. Natural environment that makes a certain political formation --ii. Inverse relationship between resources and equality
Changes of Social Groups
1. Band 2. Tribe 3. Chiefdom (dominance hierarchy) 4. State Changed with growth in population
Premodern state
1. Before 18th century 2. Resource extraction -a. Transitional or feudal state= nobility in control of land -b. As a peasant, the nobility owns the land you work on and demands a certain amount of resources. If you don't give what is expected of you, they will hurt/kill you
kinship
1. Bilateral --Both sides of family --Need the most flexibility as possible so that they can pick and choose who to be associated with 2. Neolocal --New household for married couple 3. Ambilocal --Live with one side of the family
2 main critiques of Chagnon in Darkness in El Dorado by Patrick Tierney
1. Chagnon not only misrepresented the Yanomamo--he instigated and promoted violence and warfare 2. Chagnon and Neel knowingly endangered the lives and health of Yanomamo people they studied
Hydraulic hypothesis
1. Civilizations and governments formed to manage water to farmers 2. Irrigation is complicated 3. Places emerge around water sources (Egypt and the Nile River)
hierarchies
1. Dominance hierarchy --Institutional, authority, must obey boss/police 2. Reverse dominance --Serving at the mercy of the group --No real authority
Gosmilow's warnings for after The Act of Killing
1. Don't make history without facts 2. Think twice before representing displays of violence perpetrated on little brown people by other brown people 3. Don't produce freaks shows of the criminal, the oppressed, the primitive 4. Be fair to your social actors 5. Avoid building a film on the bedrock of pornography 6. Don't compromise your audience 7. Avoid using documentary for confessions and/or primal therapy
Man with a Movie Camera
1. Dziga Vertov 2. 1929 3. Communist revolution --A time of excitement, opportunity, possibility --Eliminate inequality → utopian society 4. Motion camera had now reached its potential to revolutionize society, see it in a way that the naked eye can't --Give insights --Understand ourselves/ society better --Kino eye ----Stop time ----Be two places at once ----Move through time ----Multiple perspectives 5. Sleeping city, day in the life; dissecting moments of everyday life 6. How is this like a rite of passage? --structure→ film within a film → liminal space, ambiguity, uncertainty --Seeing a film is unique and transformative, de-individuating, makes you part of a collective group, go back into the world changed
Jean Rouch
1. Ethnographic filmmaker, mostly in Africa 2. Saw photo next to surreal painting and realized he could show everyday life as the surreal... ex-centricity 3.Les Maitres Fous
Yanomami controversy: Ferguson
1. Force was used to get western goods (from Chagnon) 2. More goods → more wives (not killing itself) 3. Steel ax is 10x more effective than a stone ax... don't want to go back after using one 4. Argues that Chagnon brought on a phenomenon like the one in the Gods Must be Crazy with the coke bottle -a. Goods create jealousy, disruption, scarcity, demand -b. Balanced reciprocity economy is disrupted, leading in warlike behaviors
reciprocity
1. General --Everything is shared --Give gifts and expect nothing in return --No buying or selling --Socially close, within a family --Found in bands 2. Balanced --People are sharing but in a lot more calculated way --Alliances --gift/counter gift to keep being friends 3. Negative --Enemies dependent on each other --Socially distant --raiding/stealing back and forth
Accusations against Neel
1. He made measles epidemic worse 2. He could have done more to help
Accusations against Chagnon
1. He misrepresented key dynamics of Yanomami society, especially the level of violence 2. He helped cause the warfare he described through the distribution of goods 3. He staged the films he helped produce 4. He fabricated detain the 1998 Science article 5. He acted unethically in collecting genealogies 6. He was not the first outsider to make contact with several Yanomami villages, as Chagnon claims 7. He violated Venezuelan law by trying to establish a private Yanomami reserve
Zomia
1. High altitude in Southeast Asia 2. Cultural region 3. Tribal people 4. Lowlands = civilization, religion, bureaucracy, agriculture 5. Dislike living in a state -a. Hard to reach by government 6. Jellyfish politics -a. As soon as something tries to enclose them, they fragment and escape, then eventually come back together 7. Subsistence routines that maximizes mobility -a. Staple crops are roots, like potatoes and yams and cassava -b. Social structure that favors fission and reformulation 8. Traditions of egalitarianism and political autonomy -a. Illiterate ---i. Writing is a part of statecraft --ii. Records enable bureaucracy -b. Find a history of prophets that require society to reconfigure 9. Multiple ethnic identities and speak several languages
John Marshall
1. Hunters -a. Killing of a giraffe -b. Showcased their power and intelligence rather than being condescending -c. More accurate -d. Before forced assimilation 2. Documented changes that they had to face 3. Return after being banned for 20 years -a. They wore clothes rather than just thongs -b. Classified as "Bushman" -c. Weren't allowed on their territory unless they worked for a white rancher -d. Only allowed in Bushmanland ---i. One watering hole --ii. Not enough bush food -iii. Went to school --iv. Had church ---v. Had to buy things from a store
documentary conventions
1. Interviews 2. Facts 3. Narrative (sometimes) 4. Make a certain argument 5. Narration 6. Imperfect images (shaky camera) (spontaneous)
The state is important to the capitalist mode of production because
1. It guarantees ownership of the means of production by capitalists 2. It provides the infrastructure and discipline required by capitalist production 3. It regulates conflict between competing capitalists (by war if necessary)
The state is important to the capitalist mode of production because:
1. It guarantees ownership of the means of production by capitalists 2. It provides the infrastructure and discipline required by capitalist production 3. It regulates conflict between competing capitalists, by war if necessary
3 key features of the new global economy
1. It is based on knowledge and information 2. its networks are transnational 3. its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
Kottak cites Manueal Castells, who says there are three key features of the new global economy:
1. It is based on knowledge and information 2. Its networks are transnational 3. Its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
Les Maitres Fous
1. Jean Rouch 2. "The mad masters" 3. 1955 4. Post WWII Africa 5. Laborers leave oppressive city once a month to suburbs to worship Hauka gods 6. Hauka gods are colonial officials 7. Laborers at bottom of social ladder are at top while possessed --They get to be more than what they really are --Therapeutic --Helps them cope with oppression, find purpose/identity 8. Montage: juxtaposition of images to produce a new meaning --Allows a deeper understanding of the laborers 9. rite of passage -- liminal space during possession
tribes
1. Larger than bands but still egalitarian 2. Horticulture -a. Gardening, domesticated plants and animals -b. Started 10,000 years ago (tribes first emerge/ domesticated plants) -c. Small scale but enough to support population ---i. 80% of diet --ii. Barely cut out of forest -iii. Spend 3-4 hours a day tending it -d. 3 years of garden, then new soil is needed ---i. Slash and burn to replenish --ii. Circulate around plots -e. Garden in areas that won't be attacked by enemies 3. Pastoralism -a. Dependent on domesticated (herd) animals ---i. Cattle, sheep -b. Need cattle for life → religion, marriage, poetry 4. Village -a. More than one group of kinship -b. Exterior wall, no interior wall (like donut) -c. Each family occupies an area of the village -d. Conflict and violence present -e. Sedentary -f. alliances and enemies 5. descent = patrilineal 6. Fraternal interest groups -a. 3 is perfect, 2 and 1 are too small, 4 starts causing problems -b. Large enough to defend but small enough to avoid internal conflict 7. why is there violence? -a. Larger population/population density -b. Multiple families -c. Not nomadic→ don't leave conflict easily -d. More personal property than bands
Chiefdom
1. Larger than tribes/smaller than state 2. Encompass regions 3. 10,000+ people 4. Managed by a hierarchy of leaders (councils, chiefs) -a. Based on kinship/nobility/birth -b. Certain families control important resources ---i. Food, manufacturing goods, luxury goods
Darkness in el Dorado
1. Lizot -a. Argues that Yanomamo aren't violent by nature, but violence is sporadic 2. Good -a. Calling Yanomamo "fierce people" is like calling New Yorkers "muggers" 3. Ferguson -a. Violence goes up when outsider are there ---i. Political dynamic changes --ii. Outsider could be an enemy -iii. Resources are brought that they want and can't produce --iv. Chagnon portrays them as more violent than they are ----a. Creates more violence by giving out resources ----b. Unethical, bribing for information 4. Criticism of Neel -a. Got grant from nuclear plant→ found a group of people never exposed to radiation -b. Had measles vaccine but didn't help as much as he should've -c. Treated them like lab rats, not people
In zones of refuge, people have a portfolio of technique for avoiding state incorporation
1. Location in remote and marginal areas 2. Subsistence routines that maximize dispersion 3. Social structures that favor dispersion, fission, and reformulation 4. Traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy 5. Broad languages and ethnic affiliations 6. A capacity for prophetic reinvention 7. Short and/or oral genealogies
James Scott argues that in zones of refuge, people have a portfolio of techniques for evading state incorporation. The techniques include:
1. Location in remote and marginal areas that are difficult to access 2. Subsistence routines that maximize dispersion, mobility, and resistance to appropriation 3. Social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulation, and presents to the outside world a kind of formlessness 4. Traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy 5. Broad repertories of languages and ethnic affiliations 6. A capacity for prophetic reinvention 7. Short and/or oral genealogies 8. Talent for fragmentation
Cadillac video
1. Man explaining why he's rich and shiz 2. "US is the only driven country" 3. Excessively nationalistic --Shown during Olympics then taken off air 4. Everyone else is lazy (we went to the moon, invented plane) --At expense of French, who take a full month+ off 5. The American Dream --Nice clothes, family, house, cadillac --White upper class --Assumption that consumption is part of the dream ----Show off how hard you work --"You make your own luck" ----Working hard will make you rich ----False, hard to escape poverty 6. Commercial makes sense to us because I as an American share similar assumptions
Yanomami controversy: Good
1. Married a Yanomami woman, who was young by American standards 2. Called a pedophile by Chagnon 3. Is this unprofessional? Did he exploit her?
According to James Woodburn, Leveling mechanisms include:
1. Mobility and flexibility 2. Access to means of coercion 3. Access to food and other resources 4. Sharing 5. Sanctions on the accumulation of personal possessions 6. Transmission of possessions between people 7. Leadership and decision-making
James Woodburn argues that egalitarian societies "systematically eliminate distinctions" of wealth, power, and status. Leveling mechanisms include: (7)
1. Mobility and flexibility 2. access to means of coercion 3. sharing 4. access to food and other resources --self sustainable 5. sanctions on the accumulation of personal possessions 6. transmission of possessions between people --stops greed and ownership 7. leadership and decision-making --informal --leaders emerge but have no authority
conflict/ coercion theory
1. No one would become a subject to someone else; it was done by force 2. Mesoamerican states came into existence through conquest then they expanded, with the newly conquered at the bottom of the hierarchy (slaves)
descent
1. Patrilineal, patrilocal, polygyny -a. Only father's side is recognized -b. Only kids of father's side are part of family -c. Live with the family of the groom ---i. Household of a bunch of men that are related and their wives -d. Multiple wives 2. Matrilineal -a. Only females recognized -b. Less patriarchy but not matriarchy, more equality
Voluntary theory
1. People willinging entered contract with state because it provides things. They willingly give up some of their resources (taxes). 2. States emerged through agriculture -a. Agriculture → population growth → social stratification → government -b. Food sustains so many people that they can specialize in other professions not focused on producing for population -c. Government becomes necessary to manage supplies 3. Hydraulic hypothesis
Suharto
1. President of Indonesia who took over Sukarno's reign from 1967-1998, 2. the regime is known as the New Order, 3. Backed by the US and the CIA, 4. September 30 (G30S) begins the new order
Christopher Boehm argues that the most effective mechanisms are intentional. These include:
1. Public opinion 2. Criticism and ridicule 3. Disobedience 4. Extreme sanctions
Regional Symbiosis
1. Resources in concentrated (overlapping) regions -a. Those located in the overlapping regions have more resources and control over trade ---i. Come to be nobility; privileged access to goods --ii. Inequality emerges as resources become abundant, not scarce, because they fight for control -b. Abundances sustain rapid population growth which leads to conflict and fission
Nanook of the North
1. Robert Flaherty 2. 1922 3. One of the first ethnographic films/documentaries 4. Nanook/family struggling to live in arctic, man against nature 5. Collection of home videos into a feature length film→ BURNED, later recreated 6. Makes Nanook seem clownish, unskilled, goofy (he actually helped edit the movie) --Clown car kayak (staged?) --(pretends to) not know what a gramophone is --Sliding around ice to hunt seal (staged by 3 men pulling him) 7. Not an honest representation of Nanook's reality... later was shown to people and they were like wtf no what --Is this a documentary? --Made more for entertainment and creating a difference in culture than anything
Winter's Bone
1. Set in a shatterzone (the Ozarks) -a. Place of refuge free of oppression/ authority of the state -b. Hard to reach/hard to tax 2. No "new" things that are bought 3. Hunt their own meat 4. Everyone knows each other and are somehow related by blood or marriage -a. Not actively involved in entire social network but can use them/associate with them when needed -b. Kinship is a guiding principle of organization ---i. Don't tell someone's secrets! 5. Not a lot of comforts -a. Clothesline rather than dryer -b. Need to chop wood for fire -c. Spoken word rather than cell phones 6. Dislike of the law -a. told to lie if they know something 7. Men are in charge (patriarchy) -a. J-Law goes to women first to speak to men -b. "Ain't there any men who can do this for you?" 8. Reciprocity -a. General ---i. Teaching kids how to take care of themselves -b. Balanced ---i. Woman giving food in exchange for information 9. Doesn't have to work/make money because they have the land; self sufficient
bands
1. Smallest scale sociopolitical arrangment 2. hunter/gatherer 3. Egalitarian 4. Range of environments around the world 5. 25 avg people, 50-100 depending on the season (marriage, festival) 6. Spread out over a large territory --Loose or no boundaries --Low population density --Need to roam for food 7. No private property 8. Conflict is avoided→ just walk away 9. Work for 15-20 hours a week, 3-6 hours a day 10. The role of women --Gathering (usually, but not universally) while men usually hunt --Provide 80% of resources, men rarely succeed in hunting --People rely on plants heavily 11. Kinship = Bilateral 12. Reciprocity =General
Major trends that have caused the transformation between communication and power
1. State is challenged, by globalisation so has less sovereign owed, deregulation gives it less capacity to intervene, crisis of legitimacy that means that citizens have less faith in it 2. Mass communication industry defined by oligopolistc competition 3. Opposition between communalism and individualism
The term globalization has two meanings
1. The effort to create a global free market through neoliberal policies 2. The spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world
Globalization (two meanings)
1. The effort to create a global free market through neoliberal policies 2.the spread and connectedness of production across the world
The main features of the theater state were
1. The king was a divine being 2. The fertility of the realm was a reflection of the king 3. Social rank was based on proximity too the ruler 4. The king's domain speed outward in concentric circles 5. The power of the king was potentially infinite 6. In material terms, the strength of a ruler and his state was based on the number of subjects under control rather than size of territory 7. The objective of warfare between states was to capture population, not territory 8. State space was lowland space; highland space was tribal
The main features of the theatre state were
1. The king was a divine being 2. the fertility of the realm was a reflection of the kings 3. social rank was based on proximity to the ruler 4. The king's domain speed outward in concentric circles 5. The power of the king was potentially infinite 6. In material terms, the strength of a ruler and his state was based on the number of subjects under control rather size of territory 7. The objective of warfare between states was to capture population, not territory 8. State spec was lowland space; highland space was tribal
Kottak says globalization as systemic connectedness has existed for centuries, but in tis current form, it has free radically new aspects:
1. The speed of global communication 2. The scale (complexity and size) of global networks 3. The volume of international transactions
premodern secondary state
1. Theatre state 2. The power was like a torch -a. Best at the center (near the king) and dimming towards the periphery -b. Smaller theatre states on the horizon, with zones of overlap 3. people/ population important
Wealth inequality in America
1. Top 1% has more than what people think the top 20% has (40% of America's wealth) 2. Reality is not what people think... HUGE gaps 3. Gaps started to increase with Reagan because of the way we started thinking about the market after the Cold War
Ju' Hoansi once they are forced into Bushmanland
1. Tsumkwe: HQ 2. /Gautcha: waterhole 3. They wore clothes rather than just thongs 4. Weren't allowed on their territory unless they worked for a white rancher 5. Dependent on govt rations -a. Had to buy things -b. . Not enough bush food -c. money spent on alcohol 6. Went to school 7. Had church 8. Lots of illness -a. In the past we left sickness behind but now we are all sick and stuck in one place ---i. Mobility as a political and economic strategy 9. Eventually went back to watering hole but the area had been overcome with lions and elephants -a. Watering hole could make them self sustainable again (Gardens) -b. Away from disease and alcohol -c. WWF wouldn't let them kill these animals ---i.Suggested that they go back to loincloths as Bushman and host tourists --ii. Marshall was upset and eventually kicked off his non-profit
Chagnon's beliefs
1. Women are the cause of fighting in the Yanomamo 2. Yanomamo are violent and killers by nature -a. Those who kill have more wives → have more children → genes of killers passed onto next generation → predisposition to kill ---i. Treating it as biological success, which is wrong because culture is learned, not based in genes
Ax fight video
1. Yanomamo 2. Village with a few visitors, hoping to rekindle alliance 3. Woman was outside in garden, food was demanded of her by the visitor. She refused and he beat her. She ran back to the village crying and her kinsmen fought him 4. Appears to be chaotic but more calculated as it seems -a. Leader steps in and just stands there to end the fight
In "Ecopolitics," according to Kohn, "sylvan thinking" is:
1. a kind of thought that extends well beyond the human 2. how forests think 3. particularly visible in dense thickets of life
According to Patterson, the presence of what suggests that modernity has crept into Aisholpan's world?
1. a motorbike 2. a solar panel and transistor radios 3. Aisholpan herself
Postmodern
1. a style and movement in architecture that succeeded modernism, beginning in the 1970s 2. refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules or standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries
Interventionist ideologies
1. allows intervention of one person in the issues of another, 2. "free capitalist economy", 3. "want to civilize those who are uncivilized"
Godmillow's warnings for The Act of Killing:
1. don't make history w/o facts 2. little brown people 3. don't produce freak shows 4. be fair to social actors 5. bedrock of pornography 6. dont compromise 7. primal therapy
Godmilow's warnings for after "The Act of Killing"
1. don't make history without facts 2. think twice before representing displays of violence perpetrated on little brown people by other little brown people 3. dont produce freak shows of the criminal, the oppressed, the primitive 4. be fair to your social actors 5. avoid building a film on the bedrock of pornography 6. dont compromise your audience 7. avoid using documentary for confessions and/or primal therapy
neoliberalism
1. free market is more efficient for everyone in the long run, 2. does not like government intervention 3. a current interventionist ideology, 4. justifies current differences in a global system, 5. responsible for financial collapses in 2008, 6. free trade is the best for economic development
The 3 types of reciprocity which correspond with social distance
1. generalized 2. balance 3. negative
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
1. ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided 2. skulls and bones are regularly unearthed 3. there is a lingering madness among some of the killers
Coffee
1. great example of a global commodity 2. grown in a narrow belt of the global south 3. cannot be produced in the global north 4. referred to as "black gold"
Winegar's view on the Egyptian revolution
1. iconic image of revolutionary male excludes all of the other experiences of the revolution. 2. Winegar is trying to show the experience of women's lives during the revolution 3. main point is that the revolution is not all about angry, youthful, male protesters 4. women's involved many anxious moments of questioning the results of the revolution and wanting things to get back to normal. In short, life did NOT stop for everybody
Fair Trade
1. intended to address the volatility of the market, but exacerbates some of the problems that it sets outs to change. 2. similar to the idea of neoliberalism 3. it is a business tactic to create a specialty niche market for coffee. 4. perpetuates the image of primitive people (coffee planters in the global south)
The state is important to the capitalist mode of production because
1. it guarantees ownership of the means of production by capitalist 2. It provides the infrastructure and discipline required by capital production 3. It regulates conflict between completing capitalist by war if necessary
the state is important to the capitalist mode of production because:
1. it guarantees ownership of the means of production by capitalists 2. it provides the infrastructure and discipline required by capitalist production 3. it regulates conflict between competing capitalists, by war if necessary
Kottak also cites Manuel Castells, who says that there are 3 key features of the new global economy
1. it is based on knowledge and information 2. its networks are transnational 3. its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
New Global Economy
1. it is based on knowledge and information 2. its networks are transnational 3. its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
Gods Must be Crazy
1. kalahari desert, ju 'hoansi band 2. Made by white South African during an apartheid (legal to be racist) --Condescending, ethnocentric 3. Film was made when the Ju'Hoansi was suffering from the civilization forced upon them --They were forced into villages in Bushmanland ----Tsumkwe: HQ ----/Gautcha: waterhole 4. Bushman -a. small, dainty, cute, primative -b. know where to dig/collect food in desert ---i. Collect dewdrops --ii. Tumors on roots -c.. Isolated -d. No sense of ownership -e. Adapt to environment when civilized men make their environment adapt to them -f. Around 20-30 people -g. No conflict -h.Men hunt with poisoned arrows --I.Coke bottle changes group ---i. People want it --ii. Jealousy, fighting 5. "No rocks" --People from before civilization, before the stone age --More like animals
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through:
1. land reform, structural adjustment, and neoliberal economic policies 2. the migration of men, women, and children 3. tourism to pharaonic sites
James Scott argues that in zones of refuge, people have a portfolio of techniques for evading state incorporation. These include: (8)
1. location in remote and marginal areas that are difficult to access 2. subsistence routines that maximize dispersion, mobility, and resistance to appropriation 3. social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulations, and presents to the outside world a kind a formlessness 4. traditions of egalitarianism and autonomy 5. broad repertories of languages and ethnic affiliations 6. a capacity for prophetic reinvention 7. short and/or oral genealogies 8. talent for fragmentation
Nature
1. may be culturally produced, 2. many think it is outside of culture, 3. we see it as an escape, 4. if nature and culture were the same, we wouldn't be able to destroy nature
what do states require
1. organization, resources, bureaucracy -a. Census -b. Border control -c. Laws and enforcement -d. Finance (taxes) 2. "A state is an autonomous political unit encompassing many communities within its territory, having a centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, and decree and enforce laws" - Robert Carneiro
Christopher Boehm argues that the most effective mechanisms are intentional. These include: (4)
1. public opinion --rumor, gossip 2. criticism and ridicule --"hey stop being greedy. stop that. " 3. disobedience --disobey the pushy leader person 4. extreme sanctions --exile or murder
Boehm's most effective mechanisms
1. public opinion 2. criticism and ridicule 3. disobedience 4. extreme sanctions -there is a reverse dominance hierarchy
Hamdy view on the Egyptian revolution
1. showing the contrast between the vitality portrayed in mass media and the vulnerability of Egyptian peoples that have lived through this authoritarian regime. 2. the revolution caused a political awakening, and national solidarity across classes and gender. 3. you have to have money and be in good health to join the protest. 4. hopeful about the revolution, but realistic about the timeliness in regard to any major change.
According to Davis in "Another World," which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World?
1. the 19th century natural history museum 2. the 19th century zoological garden 3. turn-of-the-century nature appreciation
Globalization has two meanings:
1. the effort to create a global free market through neoliberal policies 2. the spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world
Kottak says globalization as systemic connectedness has existed for centuries, but in its current form, it has 3 radically new aspects:
1. the speed of global communication 2. the scale (complexity and size) of global networks 3. the volume of international transactions
New aspects of globalization
1. the speed of global communication 2. the scale of global networks 3. the volume of international transactions
radical aspects of globalization:
1. the speed of global communication 2. the scale (complexity and size) of global networks 3. the volume of international transactions
what two things do peasants have in common?
1. they live in state-organized societies 2. they produce food w/o the elaborate technology -chemical fertilizers, tractors, airplanes to spray crops, etc-of modern farming or agribusiness
What components make up an ethnographic film?
1.Uses anthropological concepts and theories 2.uses the ethnographic method 3.recognizes and upholds ethical obligations to subjects 4.conducts research and analysis through visual media
When did Costa Rica gain independence
1821
Sukarno
1945-1967 Anti imperialist PKI Alientated the landed elite, the military and many Muslims
Suharto
1967-1998 Regime: New Order Backed by US and the CIA G30S
Anthropology emerged as a discipline in the ___________, during the peak of European colonialism and imperialism.
19th
how many cups of coffee are consumed daily globally
2 billion
After a brief hiatus in which Dmitry Medvedev served as a puppet president, Vladimir Putin officially returned to power in Russia in:
2012
How long does it take for coffee to mature
3-5 years
Origin of the State
6,000 years ago Emerged in Middle East (Mesopotamia, Egypt) A massive political unit with many communities within its territory Having a centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for war/work and decree and enforce laws
When did the state first emerge?
6000 years ago
how many cups of coffee are made from one kilo
80 cups of coffee
citizens of the modern state police themselves
:)
The Green Revolution
A complex of improvements which greatly improved agricultural production
documentary
A documentary film tells a story about real life with claims to the truth... we do not demand these things to be portrayed objectively or with complete truth, but a fair and honest representation of someone's experience of reality-- Patricia Aufderheide
What is a tribe?
A horticulturalist or pastoralist society with a form of political complexity between bands and centralized societies like chiefdoms and states
According to Tomaselli, the only filmmaker to be concerned about the material conditions in which the Kung were living was: A. John Marshall B. Lourens Van der Post C. Napoleon Chagnon D. Paul Myburgh
A. John Marshall
According to Chagnon, intervillage warfare among the Yanomamo: A. affects all aspects of social organization and settlement patterns b. has decreased sharply since he began his research C. is never used to find wives or create alliances D. kills more than half of the adult male population
A. affects all aspects of social organization and settlement patterns
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy: A. allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology B. is limited to one tribe and accusations against three people C. shows that anthropologists should only do fieldwork in teams D. will end when Chagnon is proven to be right beyond a shadow of a doubt
A. allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is: A. an adaptation to poverty B. maladaptive, since smaller families have fewer expenses C. the reason welfare in the United States is ineffective D. the result of a patrilocal residence pattern
A. an adaptation to poverty
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values and take up those of the dominant group is called: A. assimilation B. imagined communities C. multiculturalism D. the plural society
A. assimilation
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), social scientists use the term __________ to refer to the socially approved use of power. A. authority B. influence C. prestige D. stratification
A. authority
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in: A. core nations B. periphery nations C. semiperiphery nations D. the capitalist world economy
A. core nations
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), in band societies, __________ determine(s) the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys. A. culturally valued personal attributes B. genealogical relationships to apical ancestors C. possessions and their monetary value D. rank ascribed at birth
A. culturally valued personal attributes
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), __________ is a characteristic of most foraging societies. A. egalitarianism B. high population density C. sedentism D. social stratification
A. egalitarianism
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary mode assembles fragments of the historical world into a rhetorical or argumentative frame, addressing the viewer directly with titles or voices that propose a perspective, advance an argument, or recount history. A. expository B. performative C. poetic D. reflexive
A. expository
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy is important for anthropology because: A. it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation B. it has led to strict, enforceable rules about how to do fieldwork and how to report on it C. it has shown how useful it can be to have medical doctors and anthropologists in the field together D. sales of books about the controversy have brought in a lot of money
A. it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the incest taboo is a cultural universal, but: A. not all cultures define incest the same way B. not all cultures have one C. not all cultures know about incest D. some cultures have replaced it with the levirate
A. not all cultures define incest the same way
According to Tomas, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the kino-eye? A. the kino-eye copies the work of the human eye B. the kino-eye gathers and records impressions in a manner wholly different from that of the human eye C. the kino-eye is more perfect than the human eye D. the kino-eye lives and moves in time and space
A. the kino-eye copies the work of the human eye
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
ALL a. central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries b. the International Monetary Fund and World Bank c. U.S. schools of business and finance
According to Aufderheide, documentary film conventions:
ALL a. command attention, facilitate storytelling, and share a maker's perspective with audiences b. disguise the assumptions that makers bring to the project c. include narrative structure
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
ALL a. discrimination b. forced expulsion c. genocide
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
ALL a. they display freshly butchered meat b. they keep relics of animal parts as decoration c. they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
ALL OF THE ABOVE
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that the goal of the modern state is:
ALL OF THE ABOVE
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 1980s, the international coffee market was dominated by:
ALL OF THE ABOVE
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
ALL OF THE ABOVE
What gendered tension(s) does Bourgouis discuss?
ALL OF THE ABOVE
According to Aufderheide, documentary film conventions:
ALL OF THE ABOVE command attention, facilitate story telling, disguise assumptions, include narrative structure
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
ALL OF THE ABOVE discrimination, genocide, forced expulsion
Personality politics - related to the evolution of electoral politics
Aimed at voters who are undecided Because citizens do not read candidate platforms, they rely on media reports of the candidates' osiions, and ultimately their voting decision is a function of the trust they deposit in a given candidate Character, as portrayed n the media, becomes essential, because what matters most for the majority of people, is embodied in the persons of the candidate - politicians are the faces of politics If credibility, trust and character becoe critical issues in deciding the political outcome, the destruction of credibility and character assignation become the most potent political weapons All parties resort to it, thus all parties stockpile ammunition Thus there are groups of people whose job it is to find this information or simply fabricate it Media and personality politics leasd to scandal politics - credited with bringing down a large number of politicians, governments and even regimes around the world as shown in the global account of scandal politics and political cirses compiled by Amelia Arsenault
According to Bourgois, the "culture of poverty" concept:
All of the above
According to Davis in "Another World," which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World?
All of the above
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 80s, the international coffee market was dominated by:
All of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
All of the above
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 80s, the international coffee market was dominated by:
All of the above (Fordist coffee, gigantic coffee roasters like Maxwell House, and coffee that was standardized/mass-produced)
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
All of the above (US schools of business/finance, International Monetary Fund/World Bank, and central banks/treasury departments)
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and the relatives exhibit animism in "Winter's Bone" ?
All of the above (they display fresh Butchered meat, they keep relics of animal parts as decorations, and they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which one of the following is NOT one of those principles?
An acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
According to Davis in "Another World" what is the parent company of Sea World
Anheuser-Busch
According to Davis in "Another World" what is the parent company of Sea World?
Anheuser-Busch
According to Davis in "Another World," what is the parent company of Sea World?
Anheuser-Busch
According to Davis in "Another World," what is the parent company of Sea World? Anheuser-Busch Disney Paramount-Viacom Universal-MCA
Anheuser-Busch
According to Davis in "Another World," what is the parent company of Sea World? a. Anheuser-Busch b. Disney c. Paramount-Viacom d. Universal-MCA
Anheuser-Busch
hegemony
Antonio Gramsci--developed for a stratified social order in which subordinates comply with domination by internalizing their rulers' values and accepting the "naturalness" of domination (this is the way things were meant to be)
(Shirky, 2008)
Argues that 'social media are new tools enabling new forms of group formation; these new tools are making our lives easier; making our communication faster and faster and that is invariably better: as more people adopt simple social tools, and as those tools allow increasingly raid communication, the speed of group actions aslo increases Group forming has gone from hard to ridiculously easy, we are seeing an explosion of experiments with new groups and new kinds of groups. 'the communication landscape gets denser, more complex, more participatory, the networked population is gaining greater access to information, more opportunities to engage in public speech, and an enhanced ability to undertake collective action (Shirky 2011) this demonstrates that more information is automatically entailing more possibilities for collective action
Modernization Theory
As societies developed they would become capitalist democracies converging around a shared set of values and characteristics
According to Kottak (ch. 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values to take up those of the dominant group is called:
Assimilation
According to Kottak (Ch. 6), social scientists use the term _______ to refer to the socially approved use of power.
Authority
According to Tomaselli, names and naming matter because: A. by controlling their name, the "Bushmen" control their own destinies B. calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions C. only anthropologists speak local languages well enough to translate names into English D. only those with the right names can access state resources
B. calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions
According to Chagnon, he had to travel to many villages during his fieldwork because: A. Bisaasi-teri had more health problems than anywhere else, and he was tired of being sick B. fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies C. he got tired of the people in Bisaasi-teri D. the people in Bisaasi-teri and their neighbors kept trying to kill him
B. fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), when an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example of: A. balanced reciprocity B. generalized reciprocity C. negative reciprocity D. positive reciprocity
B. generalized reciprocity
In Scott's chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia? A. flexible and egalitarian social structures B. linguistic uniformity C. location in remote, difficult to access areas D. subsistence strategies that maximize mobility and dispersion
B. linguistic uniformity
According to Tomas, Vertov's vision of documentary film is closely associated with: A. literature B. poetry C. realist painting D. theater
B. poetry
In "Manufacturing Vision," Tomas structures much of his article around which of the following anthropological concepts? A. cultural relativism B. rite of passage C. the cultural construction of gender D. the ethnographic method
B. rite of passage
In Whose Streets?, streets protests are organized on social media under the hashtag:
BLACKLIVESMATTER
In "Making the Market," West argues that neoliberal and fair trade practices are similar in that:
Both promote consumer choice as a solution to structural inequality
Which of the following is a semi-periphery country?
Brazil
What countries make up the semi-periphery countries? (BRICS)
Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa
According to Aufderheide, who coined the term documentary? A. Bill Nichols B. Dziga Vertov C. John Grierson D. Robert Flaherty
C. John Grierson
Where is Zomia? A. Appalachia B. highland Africa C. Southeast Asia D. it does not exist on a map: it is an imagined place
C. Southeast Asia
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles? A. a conviction that markets are efficient engines of technological innovation and progress B. a firm belief in the capacity of unfettered markets to deliver human happiness C. an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome D. an expectation that the drive for gain is the mainspring of human behavior
C. an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone? A. animistic practices B. flexible subsistence strategies C. gender equality D. regulation of behavior and limits to authority
C. gender equality
According to Borofsky, Napoleon Chagnon: A. follows an evolutionary approach in his research, which is in line with the dominant perspective in cultural anthropology B. has always been careful to comply with Brazilian and Venezuelan law when it came to field access C. is a good writer and a dedicated field-worker D. is controversial, but only people who don't know anything about him disagree with him
C. is a good writer and a dedicated field-worker
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), means of production include: A. foraging, horticulture, agriculture, and pastoralism B. generalized, balanced, and negative reciprocity C. land, labor, and technology D. the market principle, redistribution, and reciprocity
C. land, labor, and technology
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are: A. based more on notions of prestige and morality than on actual economic differences B. desirable, because they perform tasks necessary to the survival of society C. opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests D. part of the original, preindustrial social system of humans
C. opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary gives the viewer a sense of what it is like for the filmmaker to be in a given situation and how that situation alters as a result - it involves the ethics and politics of encounter. A. expository B. observational C. participatory D. performative
C. participatory
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), most anthropologists agree that race is: A. a biologically discrete group of people B. determined by skin color and physical characteristics C. socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies D. the same as ethnicity
C. socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), __________ is the most important factor in determining an individual's power and prestige in a state. A. personality B. physical size C. socioeconomic class D. speaking ability
C. socioeconomic class
According to Tomaselli, the myth perpetuated by films like The Gods Must Be Crazy is that: A. the "Bushmen" are entirely without morals or ethics B. the "Bushmen" are the descendants of Cain, condemned to live in the desert C. the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence D. the "Bushmen" would prefer to live in a state society than in a band
C. the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of: A. its deep entanglement with markets B. its deep entanglement with money and profits C. the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities D. all of the above
C. the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones? A. it is impossible for tribes to survive in shatter zones B. tribal people eventually became colonizers and state-makers throughout the world C. tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance D. tribes are uncontacted groups of people who have not yet been incorporated into the state and civilization
C. tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
According to Aufderheide, which of the following is NOT true of documentary film? A. a documentary film tells a story about real life, with claims to truthfulness D. documentary is defined and redefined over the course of time, both by both makers and by viewers C. viewers of documentary film demand that the things they are told be portrayed objectively and that they are the complete truth D. viewers of documentary film expect to be told things about the real world, things that are true
C. viewers of documentary film demand that the things they are told be portrayed objectively and that they are the complete truth
Power
Castells perceives power to be the structural capacity of a social actor to impose its will over other social actors All institutional systems reflect ower relations
symbolic construction
Choreography of assembly is a process of symbolic construction of public space which facilitates and guides the physical aseembling of a highly dispersed and individualised constituency
hydraulic hypothesis?
Civilizations whose agriculture was dependent upon large-scale waterworks for irrigation and flood control
Castells 2007
Communication, Power and Counter owed in the Network society
In a systematically connected world, people, things, idea and images are _______ ________?
Constantly Circulating
secondary state
Copies of the primary states (Southeast Asia) because the idea of the state travelled; imitations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in:
Core Nations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in:
Core Nations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in: Core Nations Periphery Nations Semi-periphery Nations The Capitalist World Economy
Core Nations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in:
Core nations
Dziga Vertov
Created Man with a Movie Camera
According to Kottak (Ch. 6), in band societies,______ determines the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys.
Culturally valued personal attributes
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone? A. a belt of cracked rock that can be filled with mineral deposits B. a hilly environment where state authority is particularly strong C. a peripheral territory where tribal groups live that pre-exists nation-states D. a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
D. a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Aufderheide, documentary film conventions: A. command attention, facilitate storytelling, and share a maker's perspective with audiences B. disguise the assumptions that makers bring to the project C. include narrative structure D. all of the above
D. all of the above
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation? A. discrimination B. forced expulsion C. genocide D. all of the above
D. all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone? A. they display freshly butchered meat B. they keep relics of animal parts as decoration C. they wear clothing with totem-animal designs D. all of the above
D. all of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like: A. central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries B. the International Monetary Fund and World Bank C. U.S. schools of business and finance D. all of the above
D. all of the above
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs. A. colonialism B. communism C. industrialization D. neoliberalism
D. neoliberalism
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), __________ is the postmarital residence pattern in which a married couple is expected to live in the husband's community. A. ambilocality B. matrilocality C. neolocality D. patrilocality
D. patrilocality
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary sacrifices the conventions of continuity editing and the sense of a very specific location in time and place that follows from it to explore associations and patterns that involve temporal rhythms and spatial juxtapositions. A. expository B. observational C. participatory D. poetic
D. poetic
According to Chagnon, one of his difficulties with eating was that: A. food sharing among the Yanomamo is highly discouraged B. he was allergic to almost everything the Yanomamo ate C. it is considered rude to eat in front of other people D. the Yanomamo expected him to reciprocate gifts of food with tools or weapons
D. the Yanomamo expected him to reciprocate gifts of food with tools or weapons
Patrilineal
Descent is traced through father's side
In "Making the Market," citing Polanyi, what does West call the process by which economic activities become increasingly removed from the social relationships in which they occur?
Disembedding
who is most wanted in Europe for organ trade
Dr. Vulture
Who is credited with founding the discipline of anthropology?
Edward Tylor
According to Kottak (Ch. 5),______ is a characteristic of most foraging societies.
Egalitarianism
Hypermedia
Electoral campaigns have become "hypermedia" campaigns, thus changing the dynamics, forms and content of media politics
Birthplace of coffee
Ethiopia
Largest producer of coffee
Ethiopia
Balanced Reciprocity
Exchange involving people who are distant (Barter)
According to Desmond in "Perming Nature" the ideological work of Seaworld is bases on the trope of ? as the conceptual frame around which to construct a problematic of natural.
Family
Whose Streets? follows the uprising in:
Ferguson, Missouri
Robert J Flaherty
Filmmaker that produced and directed Nanoon of the North
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone?
Gender Equality
According to Kottak (Ch. 5), when an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example:
Generalized Reciprocity
Tweets and the Streets
Gerbaudo
In "On Suffering and Structural Violence," Farmer discusses several case studies from:
Haiti
In "On Suffering and Structural Violence," Farmer discusses several case studies from: Chicago and Detroit Haiti India Mexico
Haiti
Hashtag activism versus real activism
Hashtag activism is a oor substitute for 'real' activism Produces little lasting impact Those most likely to be subject to police brutality, unfair arrest and to be misrepresented in the media are those that turn to hashtag activism The most important hashtags that emerged from #ferguson were targeted at calling attention to both police practise and media representations - social media was being used as a tool for challenging these forms of racial profiling
"The Internet: Provocation," Miller suggests that the anthropological perspective on the internet emphasises:
Holistic contextualization
Ted Nelson
Hyper media Hyper text multimedia
Energy Consumption and Industrial Degradation
In 1800 bands, tribes and chiefdoms controlled half the globe and 20% of its populations
where are the women? what is Aida's role in the occupation
In the home; to be the woman
Western narratives of the iran election
In western narratives many accounts of the Iranian election assigned agency to the technology rather than the people
Where did your instructor do fieldwork?
Indonesia
Local agency in rhetorics of a social media revolution
Iranian governemnts blocked Facebook, Youtube and BBC ersian Twitter was the only real time connection to the outside world Twitter postponed maintenance of its servers as an act of generosity to the Iranian people Adds agency to the network with its ability to post pictures and updates
New Global Economy
It is based on knowledge and information Its networks are transnational Its core activities can proceed as a unit in real time
According to Tomas, in what ways is Man with a Movie Camera like a rite of passage?
It is three stages - audience goes into theater (separation) - whole film is liminal period - at the end of the movie, goes back to theater + shows people assimilating into normal life
In "Where Are the Bodies" Vickers suggest that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of
Java and Bali
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anti communist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of:
Java and Bali
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of
Java and Bali
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of:
Java and Bali
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of: Cambodia Java and Bali Sulawesi Sumatra
Java and Bali
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of: a. Cambodia b. Java and Bali c. Sulawesi d. Sumatra
Java and Bali
According to Aufderheide, who coined the term documentary?
John Grierson
According to Tomaselli, the only filmmaker to be concerned about the material conditions in which the Kung were living was:
John Marshall
According to Tomaselli, the only filmmaker to be concerned about the material conditions in which the Kung were living was:
John Marshall
According to Tomaselli, the only filmmaker to be concerned with the material conditions in which the Kung were living was:
John Marshall
States
Kottak - a state is an autonomous political unit encompassing many communities within its territory, having a centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, and decree and enforce laws
What is horticulture?
Kottak says it is "cultivation that makes intensive use of none of the factors of production: land, labor, capital, and machinery" More simply put, horticulture is shifting cultivation
4 multi-national corporations that dominate coffee
Kraft, Sara Lee, Nestle, Procter and Gamble
What is global in origin can be _____ or ________?
Localized, indigenized
Where is the international price of coffee decided
London and New York
Mass communication and media politics
Main channel of communiactionbetween political system and citizens is the mass media system - television The media constitutes an articulated system, in which the o Print press produces original information o TV diffuses to a mass audience o Radio customizes the interaction
Who is Dziga Vertov?
Man with a movie camera, Kino-eye
prime location for organ trade?
Manila and the Philippines
According to Thorner in "Changing the Rules of Engagement" what indigenous group is represented in Whale Rider
Maori
According to Thorner in "Changing the Rules of Engagement," what indigenous group is represented in Whale Rider?
Maori
Scandal politics has two effects on the political system
May affect the process of election and decision-making by weakinening the credibility of those subjected to scandal In others, the public becomes so cynical that it includes all politicians in their low level appreciation, thus they choose among all the immorals the kind of immoral that they find more akin or closer to their interests Some perceive this as good entertainment, and don't draw political implications from it.
In Why We Post, Discovery 4, Miller et al suggest that social media:
May create new forms of inequality
In "#Ferguson," Bonilla and Rosa analyze the news and commentary on social media following the fatal police shooting of:
Michael Brown
#Ferguson
Michael Brown shot dead 2014 He was left uncovered, his hands were visibly above his head Locals gathered around the site of his killing to demand answers - because of the social media coverage this ended up as a protest During the protests there were clashes between protestors and the police - police brutality was shared widely on TV in first week 3.6million tweets by the end of the months over 8million tweets 59% of the American population have mobile technology - this is higher for African americans "availability of these technologies has provided marginalized and racialized populations with new tools for documenting incidents of state-sanctioned violence and contesting me- dia representations of racialized bodies and marginalised communities"
Earliest States
Middle east fertile crescent: Mesopotamia - first complex societies. class divisions - 700 years ago. State organization - 5500 years ago Mesoamerica: New World Mexico. Class divisions - 3200 years ago. State organization - 2500 years ago
In "The Eagle Huntress: How a Mongolian teenager triumphed over tradition," Patterson compares The Eagle Huntress to what 1922 film?
Nanook of the North
Contrasts between Nanook/Flaherty and MWAMC/Vertov
Nanook/Flaherty 1. lost/losing past 2. Canada/US 3. Backward looking 4. Long spanning shots 6. Effects are behind the scenes and you don't know they happened without proff saying so 7. Flaherty's view of Nanook 8. Text explaining scenes 9. Random score MWAMC/Vertov 1. Looking into possibilities of society/future 2. Russia (Soviet Cities) 3. Forward looking 4. No narrative, many short shots 5. Don't know much about the main character -is it the man or the camera? 6. More visually appealing, dynamic, visual effects, Vertov shows how the effects were done 7. Duality; many viewpoints/perspectives in the same sequence (which creates new perspectives) 8. No text, allows image to convey message 9. Score made to go along with film perfectly
Yanomamo
Native American group that lives in the rain forest in Brazil. Only recognize fathers side of the family (Patrilineal descent) Feasting creates allies (Balanced reciprocity) Tribes are fighting for women rather than land, food, and other resources (women are scarce resources) The more violent the men, the more wives, more children
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that ________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs.
Neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs.
Neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs. colonialism communism industrialization neoliberalism
Neoliberalism
Networked society
Network society is characterized by the pervasiveness of communication networks in multimodal hypertext
What are the regime that Suharto started called?
New Order
In what ways is cinema like a rite of passage?
One enters the movie theatre and comes out completely transformed, they see the world in a new way
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are:
Opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
In "The Organ Detective" Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes and her collaborators started _________ to serve as a repository for information on global transplant activity
Organ Watch
In "The Organ Detective," Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes and her collaborators started ___________ to serve as a repository for information on global transplant activity
Organ Watch
In "The Organ Detective," Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes and her collaborators started ___________ to serve as a repository for information on global transplant activity.
Organ Watch
In "The Organ Detective," Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes and her collaborators started ___________ to serve as a repository for information on global transplant activity. a. Anthropologists without Borders b. Fair Trade International c. Organ Watch d. the AAA Ethics Committee
Organ Watch
primary state
Originated on their own (Mesopotamia)
According to Tomas, Vertov's vision of documentary film is closely associated with:
POETRY
Yanomamo villages consist of what Boehm calls fraternal interest groups These groups are:
Patrilineal Patrilocal Polygynous Patriarchal
According to Kottak (ch. 7), ________ is the postmarital residence pattern in which a married couple is expected to live in the husband's community
Patrilocality
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary sacrifices the conventions of continuity editing and the sense of a very specific location in time and place that follows from it to explore associations and patterns that involve temporal rhythms and spatial juxtapositions.
Poetic
According to Tomas, Vertov's vision of documentary film is closely associated with:
Poetry
The political use of the internet have substantially increased with the diffusion of broadband and the increasing pervasiveness of social networking in the internet
Political actors use it to bypass the mass media to deliver a message quickly Or to provike media exposure by positing a message or picture in the hope the mass media will pick it up
Certain "systems with specialized functions" are found in all states (p. 124):
Population control Judiciary Enforcement Fiscal
Why is there more political conflict and warfare in tribes than in bands?
Population density Land or livestock Women
Suharto
President of Indonesia 1967-1998 New order regime September 30th movement (killed communists)
What is a tribe? #2
Provisionally, a tribe can be defined as a noncentralized sociocultural system in which authority is diffused among a number of kinship groups and associations
Malcolm Gladwell
Radical political actions require strong ties. Social media at best provides weak ties and is therefore unsuitable for revolutionary action This is obviously not the case for the Arab Spring, and this has been shown in his ridicule
Sharipo 2015
Rhetorics of hope: Complicating Western Narratives of a Social Media Revolution
In "Manufacturing Vision,"Tomas structures much of his article around which of the following anthropological concepts?
Rite of Passage
According to Aufderheide, who coined the term documentary
Robert Flaherty
Who is famous for "Nanook of the North"?
Robert Flaherty
According to the film 13th, which U.S. president made the rhetorical war on drugs a literal war on drugs and communities of color.
Ronald Raegan
In How the World Changed Social Media, according to Miller et al on page 158, which of the following is NOT true of selfies?
Selfies are narcissistic
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature" in which feature of Sea World are the feelings, ideas, and fantasies of the park condensed and compacted?
Shamu
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," in which feature of Sea World are the feelings, ideas, and fantasies of the park condensed and compacted?
Shamu
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," in which feature of Sea World are the feelings, ideas, and fantasies of the park condensed and compacted? freshwater dolphins Shamu the shark tank the stuffed animals for sale in the gift shop
Shamu
Evgenyi Morozov - techno pessimist
Slacktivism - feel good activism that has zero political or social impact but creates an illusion of having a meaningful impact on the world without demanding anything more than joining a facebook group' Wrote the Net Delusion (2011) Argues that social media, and a technological revolution, wont free the oppressed from years of authortairan rule There are risks of state monitoring when using social media
Pierre Clastres
Society against state
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), __________ is the most important factor in determining an individual's power and prestige in a state.
Socioeconomic Class
Where is Zomia?
Southeast Africa
Where is Zomia
Southeast Asia
Where is Zomia?
Southeast Asia
Where is Zomia? a. Appalachia b. highland Africa c. Southeast Asia d. it does not exist on a map: it is an imagined place
Southeast Asia
Where is Zomia? Appalachia highland Africa Southeast Asia it does not exist on a map: it is an imagined place
Southeast Asia
What are two skills that every navajo woman must know how to do?
Speak navajo and know how to slaughter a sheep
Who was the president from 1967 to 1998?
Suharto
Who was the president of Indonesia from 1945 to 1967?
Sukarno
James Woodburn argues that egalitarian societies do what? Leveling mechanisms include:
Systematically eliminate distinctions" of wealth, power and status.
According to Tomaselli, the myth perpetuated by films like "The Gods Must be Crazy" is that:
The "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence
James Scott
The Art of Not Being Governed
Who backed the the Suharto Regime?
The United States and the CIA
Choreagraphy
The adoption of the term choreography crucially serves to indicate that the process of the symbolic construction of public space for all participatory character and techno-libertairan claims of protest culture, has not been entirely spontaneous or leaderless
Communication in Industrial society
The communication system of the industrial society was centred around the mass media, characterized by the mass distribution of a one way message from one to many. The communication foundation of the network society is the global web of horizontal communication networks that include the multimodal exchange of interactive messages from many to many, both synchronous and asynchronous
Globalization
The effort to create a global free market through neoliberal policies The spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world
1.
The expanision of politically relevant media and the blurring of news and entertainment has led to a struggle within the media itself for the role of authorative gatekeeper of scandals
2.
The expansion of media outlets, and the 24 hour news real has opened up the media field to non-mainstream political actors to shape the political field
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of:
The fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argues in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of:
The fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
Neoliberalism
The government should stay out of its nations economic affairs
Because of increased support of the Indonesian Communist Party alienated who?
The landed elite, the military, and many Muslims
Summary
The media is not the holder of power, but it constitutes the space where power is decided In our society, politics in dependent on media politics The language of media has its rules, it is largely built around images, not necessarily visual, but images The most powerful message is one that is attached to an image The simplest message in politics is a human face Media politics leads to the perosnalization of politics around leaders that can be adequately sold in the political market It is the symbolic embodiement of a message of trust around a person, around the character of the person, and then in terms of the image projection of its character
premodern states
The mode of production in premodern states is tributary rather than kin-ordered: the governing elite extract tribute through political means The state monopolizes the legitimate use of violence In feudalism, tribute is extracted through economic means as well
Indexing
The practice of what Bennett (1990) has named "indexing," in which journalists and editors limit the range of political viewpoints and issues that they report upon to those expressed within the mainstream political establishment, weighs heavily on the process of events-driven reporting.
Proletarianization
The separation of workers from the means of productions
New aspects of globalization
The speed of global communication The scale of global networks The volume of international transactions
According to Desmond in "Perming Nature" what is the punctum of the Shamu show?
The spyhop
Twitter is distorting
The types of publics created by twitter emerge from the hashtags capacity to serve not just as an indexing system but also as a filter that allows social media users to reduce the noise of twitter by cutting into one small slice This filtering effect is also distorting, we only get the perspective of the people alrady in our social network
In "The Internet Provocation," Miller argues that:
There is no internet
In the 1960s what happened?
There was increased support for the Indonesia Communist Party (PKI)
3.
This changed media environment has creared new opportunities and pitfalls for the public to enter and interpret the political world. The invention of new technologies such as smart phone, videogames, ipods etc has broken down the binary netween media and the rest of everyday life on which most of political communication used to rest
In what ways is Man with a Movie Camera like a rite of passage according to Thomas?
Thomas says that the film was structured as a rite of passage, it was a ritual that facilitates one stage in the life cycle to another.
Tiwtter is used for real time organisation and news dissemination, bypassing the cumbersome newsgathering operations of the mainstream media. Youtube and the Twitter-linked photographic sites Link shorteners like bit.ly are used to disseminate key articles via twitter
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic arguent about tribal groups in shatter zones?
Tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
Ganiga
Tribe in Black Harvest, refused to work coffee fields because of low wages and prices
In his review of The Florida Project, Scott argues that the film is remarkable because it simultaneously casts a spell and tells the truth (t/f)
True
In his review of The Florida Project, Scott argues that the film is remarkable because it simultaneously casts a spell and tells the truth.
True
Genocidal Fictions
Unit Title
Globalization
Unit Title
Twitter vs. Facebook
Unlike facebook, those that got involved with #ferguson fely involved in the life time events that unfolded there It offers the same feeling as participating in a protests in the sense that it offers an experience of real time engagement, community and even collective effervescence Twitter can show eventfulness, which characterizes days held in protests. This cannot be captured in daily bulletins Facebook also moved too slowly for this, hence why it was behind twitter
According to Aufderheide, which of the following is NOT true of documentary film?
Viewers of documentary film demand that the things they are told be portrayed objectively and that they are the complete truth
According to Davis in "Another World" the majority of Sea World customers are:
White and upper-middle class
Patrilocal
Women who become wives from outside of the group, or from another village. Wives in a kin group are not related.
What does Scott call the nonstate space in upland Southeast Asia?
Zomia
The distinction between nature and culture is
a cultural construction
According to Aufderheide, an ethnographic film is..
a documentary about cultural issues and practices ethnographic film deals in otherness, so the relationship between filmmaker and subject is particularly fraught
documentary film
a documentary film tells a story about real life, with claims to truthfulness
potlatch
a festive event within a regional exchange system among tribes of the North Pacific coast of North America, including the Salish and Kwakiutl of Washington and BC
chiefdom
a form of sociopolitical organization intermediate between the tribe and the state
According to lecture, race is:
a framework of categories created to divide the human population
family
a group of people who are considered to be related in some way--by blood or marriage
What is a tribe
a horticulturalist or pastoralist society with a form of political complexity between bands and centralized societies like chiefdoms and states
In "Ecopolitics," according to Kohn, "sylvan thinking" is:
a kind of thought that extends well beyond the human how forests think particularly visible in dense thickets of life
According to Patterson, the presence of what suggests that modernity has crept into Aisholpan's world?
a motorbike a solar panel and transistor radios Aisholpan herself
Greenhouse effect
a natural phenomenon that keeps the Earth's surface warm.
Tribe
a non-centralized sociocultural system in which authority is diffused among a number of kinship grips and associations
Pastoralism
a pastoralists life revolves almost entirely around cattle.
Pastoralism
a pastoralists life revolves almost entirely around cattle/herd animals
descent group
a permanent social unit whose members claim common ancestry
In lecture, a rite of passage was defined as:
a ritual that facilitates the transition from one stage of life to another
Shatter zone tribe definition
a secondary formation that merged when large, complex state society created tribal groups through the process of subjugation and domination -a trib is an ethnic minority in a state of society
The World system
a single system worldwide committed to production for sales exchange with the object of maximizing profits. (societies are sub-systems of the larger world system)
Small-c communism
a social system in which property is owned by the community and in which people work for the common good.
plural society
a society combining ethnic contrasts, ecological specialization and economic interdependence of those groups
American Anthropological Association's "Statement on Humanity and Climate Change"
a statement on how to address climate change
Postmodernism
a style and movement in architecture that succeeded modernism, beginning in the 1970s
Hypertext
a text displayed on a computer or other electronc device with reference (hyperlinks) to other text which the reader can immediately access, or where text can be revealed progressively at multiple levels of detail
According to Mulvey in "Is The Eagle Huntress really a documentary?," critics of The Eagle Huntress have called the film:
a translation of another culture's traditions into the tired platitudes of a second-rate Disney animation engineered storytelling fairytale documentary
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs, corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body, the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death"
In "The privilege of revolution" Winegar argues that the iconic image of the revolutionary in the Egyptian uprising is that of
a young man
In "The privilege of revolution," Winegar argues that the iconic image of the revolutionary in the Egyptian uprising is that of:
a young man
In "The privilege of revolution," Winegar argues that the iconic image of the revolutionary in the Egyptian uprising is that of: a. a young man b. a young, unveiled woman c. a young, veiled woman d. the army
a young man
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone?
a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone?
a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone? A. a belt of cracked rock that can be filled with mineral deposits B. a hilly environment where state authority is particularly strong C. a peripheral territory where tribal groups live that pre-exists nation-states D. a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone? a belt of cracked rock that can be filled with mineral deposits a hilly environment where state authority is particularly strong a peripheral territory where tribal groups live that pre-exists nation-states a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone?
a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or opression
According to Tomaselli, the only filmmaker to be concerned about the material conditions in which the Kung were living was: a. John Marshall b. Lourens Van der Post c. Napoleon Chagnon d. Paul Myburgh
a. John Marshall
According to Chagnon, intervillage warfare among the Yanomamo: a. affects all aspects of social organization and settlement patterns b. has decreased sharply since he began his research c. is never used to find wives or create alliances d. kills more than half of the adult male population
a. affects all aspects of social organization and settlement patterns
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy: a. allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology b. is limited to one tribe and accusations against three people c. shows that anthropologists should only do fieldwork in teams d. will end when Chagnon is proven to be right beyond a shadow of a doubt
a. allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is: a. an adaptation to poverty b. maladaptive, since smaller families have fewer expenses c. the reason welfare in the United States is ineffective d. the result of a patrilocal residence pattern
a. an adaptation to poverty
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values and take up those of the dominant group is called: a. assimilation b. imagined communities c. multiculturalism d. the plural society
a. assimilation
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), social scientists use the term __________ to refer to the socially approved use of power. a. authority b. influence c. prestige d. stratification
a. authority
In what Bernstein calls a "narrative of sacrifice," which of the following punishments was NOT called for by the Russian public for the Pussy Riot members? a. beheading b. flogging or spanking c. stripping naked d. tarring and feathering
a. beheading
In "#Ferguson," on the issue of "Hashtag activism versus 'real activism,'" Bonilla and Rosa argue that digital activism is: a. creative and transformative b. inaccessible to ethnography c. superior to real activism d. totally ineffective at producing political change
a. creative and transformative
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), in band societies, __________ determine(s) the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys. a. culturally valued personal attributes b. genealogical relationships to apical ancestors c. possessions and their monetary value d. rank ascribed at birth
a. culturally values personal attributes
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb argues that gender identity is: a. decisively shaped by cultural effort b. determinate c. fixed d. predictable
a. decisively shaped by cultural effort
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to strong differentiation between the home and the outside world. a. domestic-public dichotomy b. gender role dichotomy c. male-female dichotomy d. public-private partnership
a. domestic-public dichotomy
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), __________ is a characteristic of most foraging societies. a. egalitarianism b. high population density c. sedentism d. social stratification
a. egalitarianism
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to the tasks and activities a culture assigns to the sexes. a. gender roles b. gender stratification c. sexual dismorphism d. sexual orientation
a. gender roles
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy is important for anthropology because: a. it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation b. it has led to strict, enforceable rules about how to do fieldwork and how to report on it c. it has shown how useful it can be to have medical doctors and anthropologists in the field together d. sales of books about the controversy have brought in a lot of money
a. it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the incest taboo is a cultural universal, but: a. not all cultures define incest the same way b. not all cultures have one c. not all cultures know about incest d. some cultures have replaced it with the levirate
a. not all cultures define incest the same way
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World" Kottak defines __________ as changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact
acculturation
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.
acculturation
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact. acculturation colonialism diaspora hegemony
acculturation
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact. a. acculturation b. colonialism c. diaspora d. hegemony
acculturation
neoliberalism
adam smith
According to Chagnon, intervillage warfare among the Yanomamo:
affects all aspects of all social organization and settlement patterns
According to Chagnon, intervillage warfare among the Yanomamo:
affects all aspects of social organization and settlement patterns
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that the decision to "re-veil" among young Muslim women in Turkey, Egypt, and Iran:
affirms a deep devotion to Islam, critiques what these women perceive as depraved Western values and practices, renders acceptable their insertion into the modern workplace
European colonialism officially came to an end in most places:
after wORLD War II
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 1980s, the international coffee market was dominated by: a. coffee that was standardized and mass-produced b. Fordist coffee c. gigantic coffee roasters like Maxwell House d. all of the above
all above
According to Aufderheide, ethnographic film:
all of the above
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
all of the above
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy?
all of the above
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy? A. gang rape B. paternal abandonment C. sexual conquest D. all of the above
all of the above
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy? gang rape paternal abandonment sexual conquest all of the above
all of the above
According to Bourgois, the "culture of poverty" concept:
all of the above
According to Bourgois, the "culture of poverty" concept: holds that the poor are trapped in self-perpetuating cycles of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviors posits that after childhood, the poor will not take advantage of increased opportunities resonates with the blame-the-victim discourse in US politics all of the above
all of the above
According to Bourgois, what is the problem with the culture of poverty concept?
all of the above
According to Bourgois, what is the problem with the culture of poverty concept? psychological reductionism the culture concept itself the failure to link in a dynamic manner macrostructural political and economic forces - including gender power relations - to ideology, culture, and individual values all of the above
all of the above
According to Davis in "Another World," which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World? the 19th century natural history museum the 19th century zoological garden turn-of-the-century nature appreciation all of the above
all of the above
According to Graeber, if capitalist economics cannot explain why there are so many bullshit jobs, what does?
all of the above
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone? A. they display freshly butchered meat B. they keep relics of animal parts as decoration C. they wear clothing with totem-animal designs D. all of the above
all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone? they display freshly butchered meat they keep relics of animal parts as decoration they wear clothing with totem-animal designs all of the above
all of the above
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that the goal of the modern state is:
all of the above
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through: a. land reform, structural adjustment, and neoliberal economic policies b. the migration of men, women, and children c. tourism to pharaonic sites d. all of the above
all of the above
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 1980s, the international coffee market was dominated by:
all of the above
In "Strength and vulnerability," Hamdy argues that among Egyptians, the contradictory discourse about the outcome of the revolution focused on: a. the vitality and vulnerability of Egyptian bodies b. their moral strength among widespread ethical bankruptcy c. their resilience despite their weariness d. all of the above
all of the above
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians? a. ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided b. skulls and bones are regularly unearthed c. there is a lingering madness among some of the killers d. all of the above
all of the above
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
all of the above
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians? ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided skulls and bones are regularly unearthed there is a lingering madness among some of the killers all of the above
all of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
all of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like: central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries the International Monetary Fund and World Bank U.S. schools of business and finance
all of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like: central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries the International Monetary Fund and World Bank U.S. schools of business and finance all of the above
all of the above
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like: a. central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries b. the International Monetary Fund and World Bank c. U.S. schools of business and finance d. all of the above
all of the above
In The Pearl Button, Guzman suggests that Selknam body art:
all of the above
In which of the following ways is Man with a Movie Camera like a rite of passage?
all of the above
What gendered tension(s) does Bourgouis discuss?
all of the above
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through:
all of the above land reform, structural adjustment, and neoliberal economic policies the migration of men, women, and children tourism to pharaonic sites
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
all of the above (central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries, the international monetary fund and world bank, us schools of business finance)
What gendered tension(s) does Bourgouis discuss?
all of the above -a crisis of masculinity aspen turn to violence to reassert their authority -changing family dynamics as women enter the workforce -men's loss of status as provider in the family due to loss of factory jobs
According to Aufderheide, documentary film conventions:
all of the above -command attention, facilitate storytelling, and share a maker's perspective with audiences -include narrative structure
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
all of the above -discrimination -forced expulsion -genocide
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
all of the above -they display freshly butchered meat -they keep relics of animals parts as decoration -they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that the goal of the modern state is:
all of the above -to reduce the chaotic social reality beneath it to something more closely resembling the administrative grid of its observations -to standardize and make legible its subject population -utopian
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
all of the above a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death"
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
all of the above central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries, the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, U.S. schools of business and finance
In "Strength and vulnerability," Hamdy argues that among Egyptians, the contradictory discourse about the outcome of the revolution focused on:
all of the above the vitality and vulnerability of Egyptian bodies the moral strength among widespread ethical bankruptcy their resilience despite their weariness
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
all of the above (ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided, skulls and bones are regularly unearthed, there is a lingering madness among some of the killers)
In "Strength and vulnerability," Hamdy argues that among Egyptians, the contradictory discourse about the outcome of the revolution focused on:
all of the above (the vitality and vulnerability of Egyptian bodies, their moral strength among widespread ethical bankruptcy, their resilience despite their weariness)
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
all of the above ghosts are sited, and places of death are avoided skulls and bones are regularly unearthed there is a lingering madness among some of the killers
In "Where Are the Bodies" according to Vickers in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians
all of the above ( ghosts are sighted and places of death are avoided; skulls and bones are regularly unearth; there is a lingering madness among some of the killers)
According to Kottak (Ch. 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
all of the above (Discrimination, Forced expulsion, and Genocide)
What gendered tension(s) does Bourgouis discuss?
all of the above (a crisis of masculinity a men turn to violence to reassert their authority, changing family dynamics as women enter the workforce, and men's loss of status as "provider" in the family due to loss of factory jobs)
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
all of the above (a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs, corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body, and the same incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death")
In "Making the Market," West argues that from the 1940s to the 1980s, the international coffee market was dominated by:
all of the above (coffee that was standardized and mass produced, forest coffee, gigantic coffee roasters like maxwell house)
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through:
all of the above (land reform, structural adjustment, &neoliberal economic policies, the migration of men, women & children, tourism to pharaonic sites)
In "Living the revolution" Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through
all of the above (land reform, structural adjustment, and neoliberal economic policies; the migration of men, women and children; tourism to pharaonic sites)
In "Strength and vulnerability" Hamdy argues that among Egyptians, the contradictory discourse about the outcome of the revolution focused on
all of the above (the vitality and vulnerability of Egyptian bodies; their moral strength among widespread ethical bankruptcy; their resilience despite their weariness)
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that the goal of the modern state is:
all of the above (to reduce the chaotic social reality beneath it to something more closely resembling the administrative grid of its observations, to standardize and make legible its subject population, and utopian)
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
all of the above : discrimination forced expulsion genocide
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
all of the above: *a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs *corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer *a "social death"
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that the decision to "re-veil" among young Muslim women in Turkey, Egypt, and Iran:
all of the above: affirms a deep devotion to Islam critiques what these women perceive as depraved Western values and practices renders acceptable their insertion into the modern workplace
In "World Markets" Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism abstracted from any regional or historical context is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like
all of the above: central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries, the international monetary fund and world bank, u.s. schools of business and finance
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
all of the above: central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries; the International Monetary Fund and World Bank; U.S. schools of business and finance
In "Making the Market" West argues that from 1940s to the 1980s the international coffee market was dominated by
all of the above: coffee that was standardized and mass produced, fordist coffee, gigantic coffee roasters like Maxwell House
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
all of the above: discrimination, forced expulsion, genocide
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
all of the above: ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided; skulls and bones are regularly unearthed; there is a lingering madness among some of the killers
According to Bourgois, the "culture of poverty" concept:
all of the above: holds that the poor are trapped in self-perpetuating cycles of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviors; posits that after childhood, the poor will not take advantage of increased opportunities; resonates with the blame-the-victim discourse in US politics
According to Bourgois, what is the problem with the culture of poverty concept?
all of the above: psychological reductionism; the culture concept itself; the failure to link in a dynamic manner macrostructural political and economic forces - including gender power relations - to ideology, culture, and individual values
According to Davis in "Another World," which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World?
all of the above: the 19th century natural history museum; the 19th century zoological garden; turn-of-the-century nature appreciation
According to Grimshaw, which of the following binary oppositions does Rouch refuse to accept?
all of them -black/white -irrational/rational -truth/fiction
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment?
all ove the above -a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs -corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body -the same incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death"
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy:
allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology
According to Borofsky, the Yanomamo controversy:
allows the critical examination of issues at the heart of anthropology
big man
almost always a man--elaborate version of the village head except big man has supporters in several villages
village head
always a man--Yanomami--his authority is limited
In the "World Markets" Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT of those principles?
an acceptance that the gap between haves and have nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles?
an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles? a. a conviction that markets are efficient engines of technological innovation and progress b. a firm belief in the capacity of unfettered markets to deliver human happiness c. an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome d. an expectation that the drive for gain is the mainspring of human behavior
an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles?
an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
In "World Markets," Schneider argues that free market culture is a set of dispositions, habits, and practices that gravitate around four principles. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles? a conviction that markets are efficient engines of technological innovation and progress a firm belief in the capacity of unfettered markets to deliver human happiness an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome an expectation that the drive for gain is the mainspring of human behavior
an acceptance that the gap between haves and have-nots is inherent in a free market economy and cannot be overcome
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is:
an adaptation to poverty
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is:
an adaptation to poverty
According to Kottak (ch. 7), the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is:
an adaptation to poverty
nation-state
an autonomous political entity
What is a 'State'?
an autonomous political unit encompassing my communities within its territory, having a centralized government with power to collect taxes, draft for work/war, and create laws.
Hyper media
an extension of the term hypertext - non linear medium of information which includes graphics, audio, video, plain text and hyperlinks
intervention philosophy
an ideology that justifies outsiders guiding native people in specific directions- like missionaries
The Nation-State is:
an imagined community; it is "invented" or constructed through a common language, education, media and other social practices
In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," what gift does Lee try to give his Juhoansi hosts for Christmas?
an ox
The encounter in the question above was explained by a shaman as a message from the spirits, which inhabit almost everything. This kind of religion is referred to as:
animism
ethnoecology
any set of environmental practices and perceptions
In "Min(d)ing the Body" what does Scheper-Hughes call the systematic privileging of organ recipients over organ donors
apartheid medicine
In "Min(d)ing the Body," what does Scheper-Hughes call the systemic privileging of organ recipients over organ donors?
apartheid medicine
In "Min(d)ing the Body," what does Scheper-Hughes call the systemic privileging of organ recipients over organ donors? a. apartheid medicine b. artificial scarcity c. bio-piracy d. unfounded rumor
apartheid medicine
balanced reciprocity
applies to exchanges between people who are more distantly related than are members of the same band or household social distance increases, as does the need to reciprocate
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that surnames:
are a state project of standardization and legibility
In "Cities, People, and Language," Scott argues that surnames:
are a state project of standardization and legibilty
where is the "bean" belt
around the equator
In "Min(d)ing the Body" Scheper-Hughes argues that organ stealing rumors are best understood as
articulating the ontological insecurity of people "to whom almost anything could be done"
In "Min(d)ing the Body," Scheper-Hughes argues that organ-stealing rumors are best understood as:
articulating the ontological insecurity of people "to whom almost anything could be done"
In "Min(d)ing the Body," Scheper-Hughes argues that organ-stealing rumors are best understood as: a. articulating the ontological insecurity of people "to whom almost anything could be done" b. constituting a genre, an oral literary form, the "urban legend," entertaining by fright like old- fashioned ghost stories c. groundless, pernicious lies that need to be exposed, refuted, and killed d. the literary inventions of semi-literate people who lack the skills to distinguish between the credible and the incredible
articulating the ontological insecurity of people "to whom almost anything could be done"
In "Cities, People, and Language," according to Scott, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the geometric order of modern cities?
as a result of the increase in administrative efficiency, citizens "worship the state"
In "Cities, People, and Language," according to Scott, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the geometric order of modern cities
as a result of the increase in administrative efficiency, citizens "worship" the state
In "Cities, People, and Language," according to Scott, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the geometric order of modern cities?
as a result of the increase in administrative efficiency, citizens "worship" the state
In lecture, it was argued that visual ethnography is:
as subjective as written ethnography
descent
assigns social identity on the basis of ancestry
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values and take up those of the dominant group is called:
assimilation
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values and take up those of the dominant group is called:
assimilation
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), the process by which minority ethnic groups or immigrants must abandon their cultural practices and values and take up those of the dominant group is called:
assimilation
correlations
associations or covariation between two or more variables
According to Kottak (CHP 6), social scientists use the term _____ to refer to the socially approved use of power
authority
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), social scientists use the term __________ to refer to the socially approved use of power.
authority
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), social scientists use the term __________ to refer to the socially approved use of power.
authority
hypodescent
automatically places the children of a union between members of different groups in the minority group divides American society into groups that are unequal in their access to wealth, power and prestige
According to Carneiro a state is an
autonomous political unit encompassing many communities within its territory, having centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, and decree and enforce laws
In "#Ferguson," Bonilla and Rosa analyze the news and commentary on social media following the fatal police shooting of: a. Eric Garner b. Michael Brown c. Oscar Grant d. Trayvon Martin
b. Michael Brown
According to Tomaselli, names and naming matter because: a. by controlling their name, the "Bushmen" control their own destinies b. calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions c. only anthropologists speak local languages well enough to translate names into English d. only those with the right names can access state resources
b. calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions
According to Chagnon, he had to travel to many villages during his fieldwork because: a. Bisaasi-teri had more health problems than anywhere else, and he was tired of being sick b. fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies c. he got tired of the people in Bisaasi-teri d. the people in Bisaasi-teri and their neighbors kept trying to kill him
b. fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to an unequal distribution of rewards between men and women, reflecting their different positions in a social hierarchy. a. gender stereotypes b. gender stratification c. male-female dichotomy d. nature vs. nurture
b. gender stratification
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), when an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example of: a. balanced reciprocity b. generalized reciprocity c. negative reciprocity d. positive reciprocity
b. generalized reciprocity
In "#Ferguson," what do Bonilla and Rosa mean when they say that hashtags have "intertextual potential"? a. hashtags are not literary texts; they fall in between classical definitions of literature b. hashtags can link a broad range of tweets on a given topic or disparate topics, regardless of whether, from a given perspective, these tweets have anything to do with one another c. hashtags have the potential to become texts d. all of the above
b. hashtags can link a broad range of tweets on a given topic or disparate topics, regardless of whether, from a given perspective, these tweets have anything to do with one another
In Scott's chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia? a. flexible and egalitarian social structures b. linguistic uniformity c. location in remote, difficult to access areas d. subsistence strategies that maximize mobility and dispersion
b. linguistic uniformity
In "In Search of Masculinity," Bourgois focuses on "how social suffering is complexly gendered" among: a. just-arrived immigrants from Africa b. second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem c. women and children from Central America d. all of the above
b. second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem
achieved status
based on choices, actions, efforts or circumstances and may be positive or negative
In "Strength and Vulnerability" Hamdy argues that middle class activists acknowledge that people need __________ to flourish morally and spiritually
basic material comforts
In "Strength and Vulnerability," Hamdy argues that middle class activists acknowledged that people need __________ to flourish morally and spiritually.
basic material comforts
In "Strength and Vulnerability," Hamdy argues that middle class activists acknowledged that people need __________ to flourish morally and spiritually. a. a religious state b. basic material comforts c. more mosques d. political and economic stability
basic material comforts
In a study of American minor league baseball players, which of the players used magic the most?
batters
eEight Arms
became basis for independent government of Papua New Guinea
According to Kottak, which of the following is NOT true?
because apes and humans share more than 98% of their DNA, the ape capacity for culture is almost identical to the human capacity for culture
In what Bernstein calls a "narrative of sacrifice," which of the following punishments was NOT called for by the Russian public for the Pussy Riot members?
beheading
When did colonialism finally end?
between the years 1950-1960
In "Making the Market" West argues that neoliberal and fair trade practices are similar in that
both promote consumer choice as a solution to structural inequality
In "Making the Market," West argues that neoliberal and fair trade practices are similar in that:
both promote consumer choice as a solution to structural inequality
In "Making the Market," West argues that neoliberal and fair trade practices are similar in that: a. both hold that a free market is a fair market b. both produce a more equitable distribution of wealth c. both promote consumer choice as a solution to structural inequality d. both seek to eliminate the middleman between producers and consumers
both promote consumer choice as a solution to structural inequality
lineages/clans
both share belief that members descend from the same apical ancestor, the person who stands at the apex, or top, of the common genealogy
Where is Zomia? a. Appalachia b. highland Africa c. Southeast Asia d. it does not exist on a map; it is an imagined place
c. Southeast Asia
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that among the Etoro people of Papua New Guinea: a. all bullfighters are women b. all bullfighters are men c. compulsory male homosexuality creates the possibility of normative sexuality d. men are not necessary for conception; women are impregnated by spirits
c. compulsory male homosexuality creates the possibility of normative sexuality
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone? a. animistic practices b. flexible subsistence strategies c. gender equality d. regulation of behavior and limits to authority
c. gender equality
According to Borofsky, Napoleon Chagnon: a. follows an evolutionary approach in his research, which is in line with the dominant perspective in cultural anthropology b. has always been careful to comply with Brazilian and Venezuelan law when it came to field access c. is a good writer and a dedicated field-worker d. is controversial, but only people who don't know anything about him disagree with him
c. is a good writer and a dedicated field-worker
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), means of production include: a. foraging, horticulture, agriculture, and pastoralism b. generalized, balanced, and negative reciprocity c. land, labor, and technology d. the market principle, redistribution, and reciprocity
c. land, labor, and technology
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), most anthropologists agree that race is: a. a biologically discrete group of people b. determined by skin color and physical characteristics c. socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies d. the same as ethnicity
c. socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), __________ is the most important factor in determining an individual's power and prestige in a state. a. personality b. physical size c. socioeconomic class d. speaking ability
c. socioeconomic class
According to Tomaselli, the myth perpetuated by films like The Gods Must Be Crazy is that: a. the "Bushmen" are entirely without morals or ethics b. the "Bushmen" are the descendants of Cain, condemned to live in the desert c. the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence d. the "Bushmen" would prefer to live in a state society than in a band
c. the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence
According to Bernstein, in the Pussy Riot trial ___________ became the vital site for the "enactment of sovereignty" to many citizens. a. international media b. Moscow's "Christ the Savior" Orthodox church c. The bodies of pussy riot participants d. the courtroom
c. the bodies of pussy riot participants
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that the traditional working-class patriarchy has been thrown into crisis? a. massive rural to urban migration in a hostile cultural context b. the expansion of women's rights c. the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures d. the restructuring of the global economy
c. the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones? a. it is impossible for tribes to survive in shatter zones b. tribal people eventually became colonizers and state-makers throughout the world c. tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance d. tribes are uncontacted groups of people who have not yet been incorporated into the state and civilization
c. tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality
According to Tomaselli, names and naming matter because:
calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions
According to Tomaselli, names and naming matter because:
calling a group by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions
According to Tomaselli, names and naming matter because:
calling a groups by a particular name implies certain ideological and political positions
Kenneth Good argument against Chagnon
calling the Yanomamo "The Fierce People" is like calling New Yorkers "The Mugging and Murdering People"
Goroka
capital of eastern highlands of new guinea
In "World Markets," Schneider cites Miller's argument that pure capitalism, abstracted from any regional or historical context, is promoted with missionary zeal by institutions like:
central banks and treasury departments of the first industrialized countries the International Monetary Fund and World Bank U.S. schools of business and finance all of the above
core countries use periphery and semi-periphery nations for
cheap labor
Conflict/Coercion theories:
circumscription conquest stratification
conflict- coercion state formation theory
circumscription conquest stratification
modern states
clearly defined boundaries
# act as indexing systems
clerical - allows ordering and quick retrieval of information about a specific topic semiotic - mark the intended significance of an utterance. Allows users to performatively frame what these comments are really about.
Kilenso Mokonisha Co-Op
coffee co-op in ethiopia
second world
communist countries
While Lizot and Good have criticized Chagnon for exaggerating and sensationalizing violence among the Yanomamo, Ferguson argues that Chagnon was right about the prevalence of violence, but wrong about its cause. The real cause was:
competition over manufactured goods contact with outsiders disruption of the Yanomamo economy all of the above
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that among the Etoro people of Papua New Guinea:
compulsory male homosexuality creates the possibility of normative heterosexuality
In this systematically connected world, people things and images are:
constantly circulating
In "Making the Market," West argues that neoliberal and fair trade practices are similar in that:
consumer chooses
In "The World System and Colonialism" Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in
core nations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in:
core nations
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is the greatest in: a. core nations b. periphery nations c. semiperiphery nations d. the capitalist world economy
core nations
In "the world system and colonialism," kottak argues that in the world system, the complexity of economic activities and the level of capital accumulation is greatest in
core nations
According to the film 13th, why were the penalties for possession of crack so much more severe than the penalties for possession of cocaine?
crack is cheaper than cocaine and therefore more accessible and dangerous
In "#Ferguson," on the issue of "Hashtag activism versus 'real activism,'" Bonilla and Rosa argue that digital activism is:
creative and transformative
The Shock Doctrine
critique of neoliberalism and the U.S. movement in forcing a free market economy
What is horticulture?
cultivation that makes intensive use of none of the factors of production: land, labor, capital, and machinery horticulture is shifting cultivation
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World" Kottak defines ________ as the spread of advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures, which it modifies, replaces, or destroys
cultural imperialism
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as the spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures, which it modifies, replaces, or destroys.
cultural imperialism
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as the spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures, which it modifies, replaces, or destroys. cultural imperialism diaspora indigenization postmodernity
cultural imperialism
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak defines __________ as the spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures, which it modifies, replaces, or destroys. a. cultural imperialism b. diaspora c. indigenization d. postmodernity
cultural imperialism
The principle that each culture is unique and no culture is superior is known as:
cultural relativism
norms
cultural standards or guidelines that enable individuals to distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate behavior in a given society
According to Kottak (CHP 6), in band societies, __________ determines the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys
culturally valued personal attributes
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), in band societies, __________ determine(s) the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys.
culturally valued personal attributes
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), in band societies, __________ determine(s) the amount of respect or status that an individual enjoys.
culturally valued personal attributes
#blacklivesmatter
cumulatively all of these hastags speak to the long history of innacruate and unfair portrayal of African americans within the mainstream media and to the systematic profiling and victim blaming suffered by racialized bodies the effort to bring this inequlity to the attention of others is captured in #blacklivesmatter this is not a generic tstatement about the inherent value of black lives in the face of state-sanctioned racial violence but also as a reflection of the ways that social media can become a site for the revaluation of black materiality people used images of themselves to contest racialized devaluation of their persons
According to Scott in "Chapter 1: Hills, Valleys, and States," what is a shatter zone? a. a belt of cracked rock that can be filled with mineral deposits b. a hilly environment where state authority is particularly strong c. a peripheral territory where tribal groups live that pre-exists nation-states d. a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
d. a zone of refuge on the margins of a state where people go to evade state rule or oppression
According to Bernstein, why did some of Pussy Riot's opponents advocate corporal punishment over imprisonment? a. a trial and prison would turn them into heroines and martyrs b. corporal punishment is seen to "purify" the body c. the shame incurred would make Pussy Riot suffer a "social death" d. all of the above
d. all of the above
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy? a. gang rape b. paternal abandonment c. sexual conquest d. all of the above
d. all of the above
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation? a. discrimination b. forced expulsion c. genocide d. all off the above
d. all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone? a. they display freshly butchered meat b. they keep relics of animal parts as decoration c. they wear clothing with totem-animal designs d. all of the above
d. all of the above
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb suggests that the decision to "re-veil" among young Muslim women in Turkey, Egypt, and Iran: a. affirms a deep devotion to Islam b. critiques what these women perceive as depraved Western values and practices c. renders acceptable their insertion into the modern workplace d. all of the above
d. all of the above
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), __________ is the postmarital residence pattern in which a married couple is expected to live in the husband's community. a. ambilocality b. matrilocality c. neolocality d. patrilocality
d. patrilocality
According to Chagnon, one of his difficulties with eating was that: a. food sharing among the Yanomamo is highly discouraged b. he was allergic to almost everything the Yanomamo ate c. it is considered rude to eat in front of other people d. the Yanomamo expected him to reciprocate gifts of food with tools or weapons
d. the Yanomamo expected him to reciprocate gifts of food with tools or weapons
In what way(s) could the world of drug dealers in East Harlem as described by Bourgouis be considered a shatter zone?
dealers have subsistence routines that maximize resistance to appropriation or state incorporation through the underground economy
In what way(s) could the world of drug dealers in East Harlem as described by Bourgouis be considered a shatter zone?
dealers have subsistence routines that maximize resistance to appropriation or state incorporation through underground economy
In "Interpreting Gender and Sexuality," Gottlieb argues that gender identity is:
decisively shaped by cultural effort
genocide
deliberate elimination of a group thru mass murder
first world
democratic "west"
unilineal descent
descent rule uses one line only, either the male or female line
Ethnoecology
describes a society's set of environmental perceptions and practice.
Postmodernity
describes our time and situation: today's world in flux, these people on the move who have learned to manage multiple identities depending on place and context
Postmodernity
describes our time and situation: today's world in flux, these people on the move who have learned to manage multiple identities depending on place and context.
Essentialism
describes the process of viewing an identity as established, real, and frozen, thus ignoring the historical processes within which that identity was forged.
why do the people sell organs?
desperation to lift family out of poverty
prejudice
devaluing (looking down on) a group because of its assumed behavior, values, capabilities or attributes
endogamy
dictates mating or marriage within a group to which one belongs extreme example: caste system
Sexual Dimorphism
differences in male/female biology , ex: gorillas heavier than female
In "Making the Market" citing Polanyi what does West call the process by which economic activities become increasingly removed from the social relationships in which they occur
disembedding
In "Making the Market," citing Polanyi, what does West call the process by which economic activities become increasingly removed from the social relationships in which they occur?
disembedding
In "Making the Market," citing Polanyi, what does West call the process by which economic activities become increasingly removed from the social relationships in which they occur? a. denaturalization b. disembedding c. extraction d. marketization
disembedding
what does a documentary look like?
documentarians actually have a large range of formal choices and a shared convention of most documentaries is narrative structure
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to strong differentiation between the home and the outside world.
domestic-public dichotomy
According to lecture, ___________ refers to strong differentiation between the home and the outside world.
domestic-public dichotomy
ethnocide
dominant group may try to destroy the cultures of certain ethnic groups
periphery nations
economic activities are not very industrialized
globalization as ideology and policy
efforts by international and mounty fund and world bank and other international finance powers to create a global free market for goods and services
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), __________ is a characteristic of most foraging societies.
egalitarianism
According to Kottak chapter 5 ______ is true of most foraging societies
egalitarianism
Colonialism and development in the postcolonial period were justified through interventionist ideologies. Which of the following is NOT an interventionist ideology?
egalitarianism modernization racism def one religious conversion
Fair trade claims to put more money in the hands of coffee farmers by:
eliminating the middleman between producer and consumer
wealth
encompasses all a person's material assets
status
encompasses all the positions that people occupy in society--people can have multiple statuses
In "Fieldwork at the Movies," Ginsburg cites Lila Abu-Lughod's study of Egyptian TV melodramas in which she argues that the heightened emotional display of the melodramas:
encourages interviewers to embrace individuality over kinship
In "Fieldwork at the Movies "Ginsburg cites Lila Abu Lughod's study of Egyptian TV melodramas in which she argues that the heightened emotional display of the melodramas
encourages viewers to embrace individuality over kinship
In "Fieldwork at the Movies," Ginsburg cites Lila Abu-Lughod's study of Egyptian TV melodramas in which she argues that the heightened emotional display of the melodramas: a. encourages viewers to embrace individuality over kinship b. is borrowed from Mexican telenovelas c. proves that Egyptians are more emotional and melodramatic than Americans d. was a subtle critique of state policies on the role of women in society
encourages viewers to embrace individuality over kinship
In "Fieldwork at the Movies," Ginsburg cites Lila Abu-Lughod's study of Egyptian TV melodramas in which she argues that the heightened emotional display of the melodramas:
encourages viewers to embrace individuality over kinship
driving force of capitalism is:
endless economic growth
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that one of the most difficult tasks faced by people returning to their villages after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge was:
establishing the village as a moral entity
nationalities
ethnic groups that once had, or wish to have or regain, autonomous political status
In "Changing the Rules of Engagement" Thorner argues that Rabbit Proof Fence and Whale Rider should be understood as
ethnographic media
In "Changing the Rules of Engagement," Thorner argues that Rabbit-Proof Fence and Whale Rider should be understood as:
ethnographic media
In lecture, it was argued that the modern state first emerged in:
europe
reciprocity
exchange between social equals, who normally are related by kinship, marriage or another close personal tie
negative reciprocity
exchanges in nonindustrial societies, mainly in dealing with people beyond their social systems social distance is greater and reciprocation is most calculated
In "Fieldwork at the Movies," according to Ginsburg, what is the paradox of primitivism? a. exotic imagery of primitive people in documentaries about native rights may pervert the cultural heritage that indigenous peoples are committed to preserving b. modern people are fascinated and repulsed by primitive people c. primitive people can become modern only be remaining primitive d. primitive people despise their own identity and tradition
exotic imagery of primitive people in documentaries about native rights may pervert the cultural heritage that indigenous peoples are committed to preserving
In "Fieldwork at the Movies" according to Ginsburg what is the paradox of primitivism
exotic imagery of primitive people in documentaries about native rights may pervert the cultural heritage that indigenous peoples are committed to preserving
In "Fieldwork at the Movies," according to Ginsburg, what is the paradox of primitivism?
exotic imagery of primitive people in documentaries about native rights may pervert the cultural heritage that indigenous peoples are committed to preserving
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary mode assembles fragments of the historical world into a rhetorical or argumentative frame, addressing the viewer directly with titles or voices that propose a perspective, advance an argument, or recount history.
expository
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," the ideological work of Sea World is based on the trope of ___________ as the conceptual frame around which to construct a problematic of the natural.
family
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," the ideological work of Sea World is based on the trope of ___________ as the conceptual frame around which to construct a problematic of the natural. family predation survival of the fittest wild vs. domesticated
family
fiscal
financial
kilima
first coffee plantation run by joe leahy
According to Malinowski, the Trobriand Islanders' use of magic increases as uncertainty and anxiety increase. In which of the following activities did the Trobriand Islanders use magic the most?
fishing in the open ocean
According to Chagnon, he had to travel to many villages during his fieldwork because:
fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies
According to Chagnon, he had to travel to many villages during his fieldwork because:
fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own genealogies
According to Chagnon, he had to travel to many villages during his fieldwork because:
fissioning meant that each village had its own version of events and its own geneologies
stereotypes
fixed ideas--often unfavorable-about what the members of a group are like
ecological anthropology
focused on how cultural beliefs and practices help human populations adapt to their environments
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), means of production include:
foraging, horticulture, agriculture, and pastoralism
forced assimilation
force them to adopt the dominant culture
state
form of sociopolitical organization based on a formal gov. structure and socioeconomic stratification
authority
formal, socially approved use of power
family of procreation
formed when one marries and has children
secondary state
forms from copying primary state on a small scale
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following has been normalized by the drug economy?
gang rape, paternal abandonment, sexual conquest
In review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter evident in the film Winter's Bone?
gender equality
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone?
gender equality
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone?
gender equality
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone? A. animistic practices B. flexible subsistence strategies C. gender equality D. regulation of behavior and limits to authority
gender equality
In the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone? animistic practices flexible subsistence strategies gender equality regulation of behavior and limits to authority
gender equality
in the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a technique of shatter zones evident in the film Winter's Bone?
gender equality
n the review by Moon and Talley, which of the following is NOT a cultural practice in the world of Winter's Bone?
gender equality
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to the tasks and activities a culture assigns to the sexes.
gender roles
According to lecture, ___________ refers to the tasks and activities a culture assigns to the sexes.
gender roles
According to Kottak (Chapter 8), ___________ refers to an unequal distribution of rewards between men and women, reflecting their different positions in a social hierarchy.
gender stratification
According to Kottak, ___________ is a well-established ethnographic technique to deal with the complexities of kinship, descent, and marriage by using a system of notations and symbols.
genealogical method
According to Kottak (CHP 5) , when someone gives someone something and expects nothing in return, this is an example of:
generalized reciprocity
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), when an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example of:
generalized reciprocity
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), when an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example of:
generalized reciprocity
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), ethnic differences can often lead to conflict and violence. Which of the following is an example of oppression rooted in ethnic differentiation?
genocide, forced expulsion, discrimination
In "Where Are the Bodies," according to Vickers, in which of the following ways do the 1965 killings still haunt Indonesians?
ghosts are sighted, and places of death are avoided skulls and bones are regularly unearthed there is a lingering madness among some of the killers
lobola
gift compensates the bride's group for the loss of her companionship and labor makes the children born to the woman full members of her husband's descent group
Wealth moves from
global south to global north
mercantilism
government regulates the economy of a state to ensure economic growth with a positive balance of trade and accumulation of gold and silver
market principle
governs the distribution of the means of production-land, labor, natural resources, technology, knowledge and capital
clines
gradual shifts in gene frequencies between neighboring groups incompatible with discrete and separate races
race
group assumed to have a biological basis
pantribal sodalities
groups that extend across the whole tribe, spanning several villages
According to Graeber, the usual explanation - the standard line - for why technological advances did not deliver the promised utopia of the 15-hour work week is that Keynes did not factor in:
growth of consumerism
In "On Suffering and Structural Violence," Farmer discusses several case studies from:
haiti
In "Teenage 'Eagle Huntress' Overturns 2000 Years of Male Tradition," King suggests that climate change:
has made winters more severe
In "#Ferguson," what do Bonilla and Rosa mean when they say that hashtags have "intertextual potential"?
hashtags can link a broad range of tweets on a given topic or disparate topics, regardless of whether, from a given perspective, these tweets have anything to do with one another
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of:
he fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
How does Mulvey answer the question he poses?
he remains neutral
superordinate
higher or elite--had privileged access to valued resources
Since people, things, ideas and images are constantly circulating it increased the potential for what two things?
homogeneity and heterogeneity
What was the official charge against the members of Pussy Riot?
hooliganism
indigenization
how a globally spreading evangelical protestantism adapts to local circumstances. (occurs in culture domains as different as fast food, music, housing styles, science,religion)
ecological anthropology
how cultural beliefs and practices helped human populations adapt to their environments, as well as how people used elements of their culture to maintain their ecosystems
food production
human control over the reproduction of plants and animals
Gender Stratification
idea that women/men not equal
World System theory
identifiable social system based on wealth and power differentials extending beyond individual countries. Set by a series of economic and political relations
ethnicity
identification with and feeling part of an ethnic group and exclusion from certain other groups because of this affiliation
In lecture, it was argued that although European empires officially recognized the independence of most of their colonies, the world system put in place persists today. It simply goes by a different name. That name is:
idk globalization united nations world trade org
Ethnography
if considering twitter ethnographically there should be a switch from emphasis 'network and community' toward a focus on individual experiences, practices and socialities 'Black twitter' - used by 22% of Black Ameircans as opposed to 16% of white americans
levirate
if husband dies, widow will marry his brother like sororate, it is a continuation marriage that maintains the alliance between descent groups
sororate
if wife dies, man's group will ask wife's group for a substitute, often her sister
why do core states, the IMF, the World Bank, and other international organizations demand deregulation and austerity from peripheral and semi-peripheral states?
in exchange for loans
In lecture, it was argued that the modern state first emerged:
in the 18th century
Where does coffee roasting happen
in the country of the consumer
means/factors of production
include land, labor and technology
this creates the potential for both:
increased homogeneity and increased heterogeneity
contemporary semi-periphery nations
industrialized export and import goods -but lack power of core nations
Horizontalism
informed by notions like networks and swarms Social media have in fact facilitated the rise of complex and liquid or 'soft' forms of leadership which exploit the interactive and participatory character if the new communication technologies
According to the film 13th, Nixon's "Southern strategy" and war on crime:
initiated the period of mass incarceration that continues today was a "dog whistle" for war on communities of color was designed to convert Southern Democrats to Republicans all of the above
agriculture
intensive, continuous cultivation greater labor demands than horticulture
semi-periphery nations
intermediate between core and periphery
cultural colonialism
internal domination--by one group and its culture or ideology over others
colonialism and the development of the post colonial period are justified through...
interventionist
colonialism and development in the postcolonial period are justified through:
interventionist ideologies
In "The Question of Collaborators" Zucker argues that villagers were able to reconstruct their community after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge by
invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance"
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that villagers were able to reconstruct their community after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge by: a. retaliating against some of the perpetrators b. invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance" c. performing a forgiveness ceremony for some of the perpetrators d. all of the above
invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance"
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that villagers were able to reconstruct their community after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge by:
invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance"
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that villagers were able to reconstruct their community after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge by: retaliating against some of the perpetrators invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance" performing a forgiveness ceremony for some of the perpetrators all of the above
invoking a narrative of "victims of circumstance"
According to Borofsky, Napoleon Chagnon:
is a good writer and a dedicated field worker
According to Borofsky, Napoleon Chagnon:
is a good writer and a dedicated field-worker
nation state
is an imagined community; it is "invented" or contracted through a common language, education, media, and other social practices
The technique of clearing brush and trees and burning the debris to fertilize the soil before planting:
is called shifting, swidden, or slash-and-burn cultivation
Can hashtag become a field site?
is it s non-place of super modernity, a transient site of engagement or is it an instance of a virtual world, with its own set of socialities and forms of engagement
according to Tylor, culture...
is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society
According to Tylor what is culture/
is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.
is used to form gorus, covert and overt - in order to establish those strong but flexible connections.
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy is important for anthropology because:
it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent and just compensation
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy is important for anthropology because:
it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation
According to Borofsky, the Yanomami controversy is important for anthropology because:
it has asked anthropologists to consider inequalities of power, informed consent, and just compensation
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the state?
it insures relative socio-economic equality
what is the silk route
it is a connected to Asia --> india --> middle east --> africa
According to Aufderheide, a film is a documentary if:
it is a fair and honest representation of reality
the nation state is an imagined community:
it is invented or constructed through a common language, media, and other social practices
In "Ecopolitics," according to Kohn, which of the following is NOT true of Kawsak Sacha or the Living Forest?
it treats nature as an undemanding source of raw materials
In "Where Are the Bodies," Vickers suggests that the 1965 anticommunist killings in Indonesia were most intense on the islands of:
java and bali
Colonialism and development in the postcolonial period
justified through interventionist ideologies
best selling organ from Organ Trade
kidney sold for $2500 (double that of legal labor)
Inequality in chiefdoms is based on:
kinship and rank
According to lecture and Kenneth Guest, the U.S. economy was built on the expropriation of:
labor from enslaved people from Africa labor from indentured servants from Europe land from Native Americans all of the above
According to Kottak, which of the following is NOT a field technique in anthropology?
laboratory experiments
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that the rural village in which she conducted fieldwork was connected to urban Cairo through:
land reform, structural adjustment, and neoliberal economic policies the migration of men, women, and children tourism to pharaonic sites
According to Kottak (Ch. 5), means of production include
land, labor, and technology
According to Kottak (Chapter 5), means of production include:
land, labor, and technology
According to Kottak (CHP 5) means of production include:
land, labor, technology
ethiopia
largest producer of coffee in africa, 15 million people dependent on industry
Which of the following is NOT one of the mechanisms that eliminate distinctions in egalitarian societies?
leaders who have the authority to enforce the rule of equality
Which of the following is NOT one of the mechanisms that eliminate distinctions in egalitarian societies?
leaders who have the authority to enforce the rule of equality YES mobility and flexibility sanctions on the accumulation of personal possessions transmission of possessions between people
reluctant leaders or anti leaders
leaders who subscribe to the notion of horizontalism and who don't want to be seen as leaders but whose scene setting and scripting work has been decisive in bringing a degree of coherence to peoples spontaneous and creative participation in the protest movement
law
legal code with trial and enforcement
In Scott's Chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia?
linguistic uniformity
In Scott's chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia?
linguistic uniformity
In Scott's chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia? A. flexible and egalitarian social structures B. linguistic uniformity C. location in remote, difficult to access areas D. subsistence strategies that maximize mobility and dispersion
linguistic uniformity
In Scott's chapter, which of the following is NOT a technique of people living in Zomia? flexible and egalitarian social structures linguistic uniformity location in remote, difficult to access areas subsistence strategies that maximize mobility and dispersion
linguistic uniformity
what is global in origin can be:
localized or indigenized
subordinate
lower or underprivileged--limited access to resources by privileged group
polygyny
man has more than one wife
neolocality
married couples are expected to establish a new place of residence
matrilocality
married couples live in the wife's community and their children grow up in their mother's village
New Guinea Highlands coffee export
member of the Kaffe Gruppe which operates its own profit center
What is the Smurfette principle?
men are identified by their personal characteristics, while women are identified by their femininity
Domestic Public Dichotomy
men in public space, women in domestic space
conflict resolution
methods of settling disputes
In "#Ferguson," Bonilla and Rosa analyze the news and commentary on social media following the fatal police shooting of:
michael brown
In The Pearl Button, which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that there are now only 20 direct descendants of the indigenous people of Tierra del Fuego?
missionaries encouraged settlers to interbreed with indigenous people
Joe Leahy
mixed race, set up 2 coffee plantations in New guinea (Kaugun, Kilinia) coffee prices collapse, workers wages were reduces, joe tried to flee to australia, tribal war broke out
what is the effect of darker coffee
more consistent flavor
Fair trade
more money goes back to the suppliers
Polygynous
more than one wife
In "Species," what name does Kirksey give to the study of how plant, fungal, microbial, and animal communities shape the nature of the human condition?
multispecies ethnography
According to lecture, since capitalism is inherently divisive, countervailing forces are needed to hold society together. An example of a countervailing force is:
national identity state-enforced discipline the ideology of endless economic growth all of the above
greenhouse effect
natural phenomenon that keeps earths surface warm
In "The World System and Colonialism" Kottak argues that ________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay of of its nation's economic affairs
neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs.
neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs.
neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs. a. colonialism b. communism c. industrialization d. neoliberalism
neoliberalism
The current interventionist ideology is:
neoliberalism
economic liberalism
neoliberalism
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that __________ is the current form of Adam Smith's 18th century manifesto that the government should stay out of its nation's economic affairs.
neoliberism
costa rica in 1949
no army, universal healthcare insurance and social security, free education until 12th grade, 5 free universities, small communist party that no longer exists, workers protection.
Multimedia
non interactive linear presentations as well hypermedia
horticulture
nonintensive, shifting cultivation
According to Kottak (Ch. 7), the incest taboo is a cultural universal, but:
not all cultures define incest the same way
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), the incest taboo is a cultural universal, but:
not all cultures define incest the same way
Audience don't just follow
o Concept of the active audience o Media has internal controls in terms of their capacity to influence the audience, because they are primarily a business and they must win the audience; o Usually plural and competitive o Must keep credibility in front of competitors and have some internal limits to the management of information coming form the professionalism of journalism o We should acknoeldge the rise of professional militant journalism in all countries e.g. Fox News, as well as the diminishing autonomy of journalists, and the intertwining between media corps and governemnts
Buisness media stratergies
o E.g. NewsCorp (News International) buying myslepace o Murdoch said 'Technology is liberating us from old constraints, lowering key costs, easing access to knew customers and markets and multiplyibg the choice we offer' o Google acquiring YouTube. Offered key advertising potential for Google. o Cororate investment into sites such as Youtube gaurnetees continued success of mainstream media o However, there is a trend toward less commercial, more eleitist social networking sites, not accessible by all, including parents who might be trying to police online activity o What we are observing is the coexistence and interconnection of mainstream media, corporately owned new media and autonomous internet sites o Autonomy of etworking sites does not imply competition against mainstream media o The reason that autonomy of social networking sites persists is because users want to be able to trust their social sace. Also the 'cool factor' - the cultural construction of the social space to the taste of its users is of essence
Gladwell
o Gladwell - we have forgotten what activism is and that social media cant provide what social change has always required o Real Activism is: an activity that requires high personal risk on the part of protestors and a network of strong ties to incite participation o Gladwell argues that social amedia :makes it easier for activists to express themselves, and harder for that expression to have any impact o The instruments of social media are well suited to making the existing social order more efficient, they are not the natural enemy of the status quo
Issues when turned into a fetish of collective action
o When such media are endowed with mystical qualities that only obscure the work of the groups and organisers using them o When this happens, the technovisionary discourse on social media appears as the reflection of a neoliberal ideology, incapable of understanding action except as the result of some sort of technological miracle fleetingly binding together egotistical individuals
dowry
occurs when the bride's family or kin group provides substantial gifts when their daughter marries men's family expects to be compensated for the added responsibility
nation
once was synonymous with tribe or ethnic group now means state--an independent, centrally organized political unit or gov
redistribution
operates when goods, services or their equivalent move from the local level to a center
In "The World System and Colonialism" Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are
opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are:
opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are: based more on notions of prestige and morality than on actual economic differences desirable, because they perform tasks necessary to the survival of society opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests part of the original, preindustrial social system of humans
opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
In "The World System and Colonialism," Kottak argues that according to Marx, classes are: a. based more on notions of prestige and morality than on actual economic differences b. desirable, because they perform tasks necessary to the survival of society c. opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests d. part of the original, preindustrial social system of humans
opposed to one another based on conflicting economic interests
In "The Organ Detective" Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes took down her organization's website because
organ brokers were using it to locate the cheapest donors
In "The Organ Detective," Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes took down her organization's website because:
organ brokers were using it to locate the cheapest donors
In "The Organ Detective," Watters reports that Scheper-Hughes took down her organization's website because: a. law enforcement officials were using it to prosecute organ buyers b. law enforcement officials were using it to prosecute organ sellers c. organ brokers were using it to locate the cheapest donors d. she was sued for libel by a powerful transplant doctor
organ brokers were using it to locate the cheapest donors
phenotype
organism's evident traits
Fair trade usa
originally transfair
Ethnographic film deals in ________, so the relationship between filmmaker and subject is particularly _______
otherness, fraught
VOLCAFE
owns Papua New Guinea's coffee exports
coffee income (papua New Guinea)
papua new guinea receives only 19-59 cents per pound of coffee. Starbucks sells a pound of coffee for $12.59.
transhumance
part of the group moves with the herds, but most people stay in the home village
It was argued in lecture that the most important technique in the ethnographic method is:
participant-observation
According to Nichols, the ___________ mode of documentary gives the viewer a sense of what it is like for the filmmaker to be in a given situation and how that situation alters as a result - it involves the ethics and politics of encounter
participatory
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), __________ is the postmarital residence pattern in which a married couple is expected to live in the husband's community.
patrilocality
According to Kottak (Chapter 7), __________ is the postmarital residence pattern in which a married couple is expected to live in the husband's community.
patrilocality
patrilineal descent
people automatically have lifetime membership in their father's group
ascribed status
people have little or no choice about occupying them ex: age, nobility
matrilineal descent
people join the mother's group automatically at birth and stay members throughout life
Indigenization
people make and remake culture as they assign their own meanings to information, images, and products they receive.
Gimi
people that grow the coffee in the highlands of New Guinea
Pierre Clastres said that
people went to the amazon because the people didn't want tone conquered in the states
refugees
people who have been forced or who have chosen to flee a country, to escape persecution or war
Diasporas
people who have spread from an original, ancestral land
diasporas
people who have spread out from an original, ancestral homeland)
pastoralists
people whose activities focus on such domesticated animals as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, yak & reindeer
In "Min(d)ing the Body," in deconstructing the notion of scarcity, Scheper-Hughes argues that the real scarcity in the organ trade is:
people willing to pay the expensive prices
According to Davis in "Another World" what does Sea World management consider to be the park's "core product"
performing whales
According to Davis in "Another World," what does Sea World management consider to be the park's "core product"?
performing whales
According to Davis in "Another World," what does Sea World management consider to be the park's "core product"? a. environmental conservation b. marine education c. penguins d. performing whales
performing whales
office
permanent position, which must be refilled when it is vacated by death or retirement
According to Tomas, Vertov's vision of documentary film is closely associated with:
poetry
In "Species," according to Kirksey, "Cultural anthropologists are joining with taxonomic scientists to make critters with a precarious existence visible, audible, tangible, and knowable." Which of the following is NOT part of the network of species that Kirksey describes?
polar bears
Citizens of modern states
police themselves
citizens of modern states:
police themselves
discrimination
policies and practices that harm a group and its members can be de facto (practiced, but not legally sanctioned) or de jure (part of the law)
Large-C Communism
political movement and doctrine seeking to overthrow capitalism and to establish a form of communism such as that which prevailed in the USSR from 1917 to 1991
Communism
political movement to replace capitalism with soviet style communism
what are the two types of polygamy
polygyny and polyandry
Which of the following statements would Bourgouis most likely agree with about poverty in the inner city?
poverty is produced through the structural conditions of global capitalism
In "The Anthropological Cinema of Jean Rouch," Grimshaw argues that Les Maitres Fous establishes a number of themes which recur in Rouch's work. Which of the following is NOT one of those themes?
precolonial tradition
Sukarno
president of Indonesia from 1945-1967 Anti imperialist
essentialism
process of viewing an identity as established, real and frozen thus ignoring the historical process within which that identity was forged.
According to lecture and Kenneth Guest, the most significant means used to mark difference in U.S. culture is:
race
According to Perspectives, ___________ is the process by which social, economic, and political forces determine the content and importance of racial categories.
racial formation
the gods must be crazy
racist film about juanzee people. portrayed them as primitive and "cute"
reciprocity continuum
range of reciprocity between the 3 degrees of reciprocity-from generalized to negative
In "The Question of Collaborators" Zucker argues that one of the most difficult tasks faced by people returning to their villages after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge was
reestablishing the village as a moral entity
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that one of the most difficult tasks faced by people returning to their villages after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge was: a. clearing the village and surrounding fields of skulls b. physically rebuilding the village c. purifying the village well, which had been contaminated by dead bodies d. reestablishing the village as a moral entity
reestablishing the village as a moral entity
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that one of the most difficult tasks faced by people returning to their villages after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge was:
reestablishing the village as a moral entity
In "The Question of Collaborators," Zucker argues that one of the most difficult tasks faced by people returning to their villages after the terror and devastation of the Khmer Rouge was: clearing the village and surrounding fields of skulls physically rebuilding the village purifying the village well, which had been contaminated by dead bodies reestablishing the village as a moral entity
reestablishing the village as a moral entity
Acculturation
refers to changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact
Postmodern
refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules or standards), categories, distinctions, boundaries.
Cultural imperialism
refers to the spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on others cultures, which it modifies, replaces or destroys- usually because of differential economic or political influence.
social control
refers to those field of the social system (beliefs, practices and institutions) that are most actively involved in the maintenance of any norms and the regulation of any conflict
According to Perspectives, ___________ refers to the process in which an inaccurate concept or idea is so heavily promoted and circulated among people that it begins to take on a life of its own.
reification
In "The Anthropological Cinema of Jean Rouch," Grimshaw argues that Jaguar:
replicates the progressive movement implied in a rite of passage
Climate change
rising temperatures, changes is sea levels, precipitation, storms, and ecosystem effect.
In "Manufacturing Vision," Tomas structures much of his article around which of the following anthropological concepts?
rite of passage
In "Manufacturing Vision," Tomas structures much of his article around which of the following anthropological concepts?
rite of passage
patrilocality
rule that when a couple marries, they move to the husband's community, so their children will grow up in their father's village
Elman Service
said that societies evolve from band to robe to chiefdom to state
Milton Fried
said there is no evidence that tribes existed before states in fact, the evidence suggest that tribes came into being in response to expanding states
In "In Search of Masculinity," Bourgois focuses on "how social suffering is complexly gendered" among:
second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem
In "In Search of Masculinity," Bourgois focuses on "how social suffering is complexly gendered" among: A. just-arrived immigrants from Africa B. second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem C.women and children from Central America D. all of the above
second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem
In "In Search of Masculinity," Bourgois focuses on "how social suffering is complexly gendered" among: just-arrived immigrants from Africa second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem women and children from Central America all of the above
second-generation Puerto Ricans in East Harlem
Theater state is an example of both what
secondary state and premodern state
exogamy
seeking a mate outside one's own group--links people into a wider social network that nurtures, helps and protects them in times of need
Capitalism
separates labor from means of production
sociopolitical typology
service's labels "band" "tribe" "chiefdom" and "state"
ethnic group
share certain beliefs, values, habits, customs and norms because of their common background
band
small group of fewer than a hundred people, all related by kinship or marriage
peasants
small-scale agriculturalists who live in nonindustrial states and have rent fund obligations
In lecture, your instructor told a story about the time he encountered a:
snake
in what ways is the revolution made possible by globalization?
social media
In Why We Post, Discovery 1, according to Miller et al, which of the following is NOT true of social media:
social media makes people more individualistic and narcissistic
In "Living the revolution" Abu-Lughod argues that in the village where she conducted fieldwork, the language of activists emphasized
social morality
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that in the village where she conducted fieldwork, the language of activists emphasized:
social morality
In "Living the revolution," Abu-Lughod argues that in the village where she conducted fieldwork, the language of activists emphasized: a. democracy b. human rights c. social morality d. all of the above
social morality
communism
social system in which property is owned by the community and people work for the common good
According to Kottak (Ch. 10), most anthropologists agree that race is:
socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies
According to Kottak (Chapter 10), most anthropologists agree that race is:
socially constructed as a way to create hierarchies
most anthropologists agree that race is?
socially constructed ways to create hierarchies
Elman Service said what
societies evolve from band to tribe to chiefdom to state
Egalitarian society
societies in which equality is real. (Not USA → hierarchal, stratified)
According to Kottak (CHP 6), ______ is the most important factor in determining an individuals power and prestige in a state
socioeconomic class
According to Kottak (Chapter 6), __________ is the most important factor in determining an individual's power and prestige in a state.
socioeconomic class
According to Kottak (ch. 6),______ is the most important factor in determining an individual's power and prestige in a state.
socioeconomic class
differential access
some people had more wealth, prestige and power than others did
generalized reciprocity
someone gives to another person & expects nothing immediate in return purest form of reciprocity--characteristic of exchanges between closely related people
globalization as fact
spread and connectedness of production and communications across the world
In 1947, when the American Anthropological Association (AAA) was asked by the UN to help craft the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, what was the AAA's response?
standards and values are relative to the culture from which they derive, and there are no universal human rights
The modern state relies on what James scott calls:
state simplifications to make its population legible
modern states rely on..
state simplifications to make population legible
primary state
states that form all on their own
In "On Suffering and Structural Violence," what does Farmer call the denial of agency by historically given and economically driven processes and forces?
structural violence
In "On Suffering and Structural Violence," what does farmer call the denial of agency by historically given and economically driven processes and forces? exceptional, as all individuals have agency structural violence the culture of poverty all of the above
structural violence
Which of the following types of learning is most developed in humans?
symbolic
economy
system of production, distribution and consumption of resources
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak argues that in its current form, globalization has some radical new aspects. Which of the following is NOT one of those aspects?
systematic interconnectedness
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak argues that in its current form, globalization has some radical new aspects. Which of the following is NOT one of those aspects? systemic interconnectedness the scale of global networks the speed of global communication the volume of international transactions
systematic interconnectedness
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World" Kottak argues that in its current form, globalization has some radical new aspects. Which of the following is NOT one of those aspects
systemic interconnectedness
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak argues that in its current form, globalization has some radical new aspects. Which of the following is NOT one of those aspects? a. systemic interconnectedness b. the scale of global networks c. the speed of global communication d. the volume of international transactions
systemic interconnectedness
In "Anthropology's Role in a Globalizing World," Kottak argues that in its current form, globalization has some radical new aspects. Which of the following is NOT one of those aspects?
systemic interconnectedness
According to Conrad Kottak, which of the following is NOT a radically new aspect of globalization?
systemic interconnectedness on a global scale YES the scale of global networks the scale of global networks the volume of international networks
In "Killing the Documentary," which of the following is NOT one of Godmilow's warnings based on The Act of Killing? a. be fair to your social actors b. don't make history without facts c. don't produce freak shows of the criminal, the oppressed, the "primitive" d. take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
In "Killing the Documentary" which of the following is NOT one of Godmilow's warning based on The Act of Killing
take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
In "Killing the Documentary," which of the following is NOT one of Godmilow's warnings based on The Act of Killing?
take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
In "Killing the Documentary," which of the following is NOT one of Godmilow's warnings based on The Act of Killing? be fair to your social actors don't make history without facts don't produce freak shows of the criminal, the oppressed, the "primitive" take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
take risks and rewrite the ethical codes of documentary filmmaking if it is for a greater purpose
artificial scarcity
term used by sherpard hurghes when describing the systemic privilege of organ recipients over organ donors- doctors follow up with organ recipients and not donors after surgery
According to Tylor culture is
that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by a man as a member of society
In "The Organ Detective" Watters writes that Scheper-Hughes was once asked by a conference of transplant surgeons to explain why rumors of organ stealing were so persistent. What did Scheper-Hughes tell them
that the rumors are true at the indeterminate level between fact and metaphor
In "The Organ Detective," Watters writes that Scheper-Hughes was once asked by a conference of transplant surgeons to explain why rumors of organ stealing were so persistent. What did Scheper- Hughes tell them? a. that the rumors are false b. that the rumors are true and verifiable: there is in fact a global market for stolen body parts c. that the rumors are true at the indeterminate level between fact and metaphor d. that the rumors persist because the people who spread them are uneducated and medically illiterate
that the rumors are true at the indeterminate level between fact and metaphor
In "The Organ Detective," Watters writes that Scheper-Hughes was once asked by a conference of transplant surgeons to explain why rumors of organ stealing were so persistent. What did Scheper-Hughes tell them?
that the rumors are true at the indeterminate level between fact and metaphor
According to Tomaselli, the myth perpetuated by films like The Gods Must Be Crazy is that:
the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence
According to Tomaselli, the myth portayed in The Gods Must Be Crazy is that:
the "Bushmen" live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive influence
According to Davis in "Another World," which of the following is a cultural precursor to Sea World?
the 19th century natural history museum the 19th century zoological garden turn-of-the-century nature appreciation
According to Tomaselli, the myth perpetuated by films like The Gods Must Be Crazy is that:
the Bushmen live in a pristine, wild condition of primitive affluence
According to the film 13th, which "superpredator" did then-businessman Donald Trump call to be executed?
the Central Park Five
Where is Winter's Bone set?
the Ozark Mountains on the Missouri-Arkansas border
According to Chagnon, one of his difficulties with eating was that:
the Yanomamo expected him to reciprocate gifts of food with tools or weapons
power
the ability to exercise one's will over others
According to Graeber, the greatest increase in (pointless) jobs has been in:
the administrative sector
racial classification
the attempt to assign humans to discrete categories based on common ancestry
prestige
the basis of social status--refers to esteem, respect or approval for acts, deeds or qualities considered exemplary
According to Bernstein, in the Pussy Riot trial ___________ became the vital site for the "enactment of sovereignty" to many citizens.
the bodies of Pussy Riot participants
pastoralism
the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. It is animal husbandry: the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas, and sheep.
Counter power
the capacity of a social actor to resist and challenge power relatipns that are institutionalized
Counter power
the capacity of social actors to challenge and eventually change the power relations institutionalized in society In all known socieities, counter power exists under different forms and with variable intensity, as one of the few natural laws of society, verified throughout history, asserts that wherever is domination , there is resistance to domination, be it political, cultural, economic or psychological
global climate change
the causes of global warming are mostly anthropogenic (caused by humans and their activities)
pastoral nomadism
the entire group-women, men and children moves with the animals throughout the year
family of orientation
the family in which one is born and grows up
Morozov - Google Doctrine
the fervent conviction that given enough gadgets, ceonnectivity and foreign funcing, dictaroships are doomed - expresses the greatest western hopes and political potential of the technologies we love
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of:
the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of:
the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of: its deep entanglement with markets its deep entanglement with money and profits the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities all of the above
the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
In "World Markets," Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi, who argued in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of: a. its deep entanglement with markets b. its deep entanglement with money and profits c. the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities d. all of the above
the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing but commodities
In "World Markets" Schneider discusses the work of Hungarian economist Karl Polanyi who argues in The Great Transformation that capitalism is unique because of
the fiction that land, labor, and capital are nothing by commodities
In "The privilege of revolution," Winegar argues that although the "real" events of revolution may seem to happen in places like Tahrir Square, major political change also takes place in:
the home
In "The privilege of revolution," Winegar argues that although the "real" events of revolution may seem to happen in places like Tahrir Square, major political change also takes place in: a. cyberspace b. mosques c. rural villages d. the home
the home
In "the privilege of revolution" Winegar argues that although the "real" events of revolution may seem to happen in places like Tahrir Square, major political change also takes place in
the home
Media representation of Michael
the image circulated in the ake of Michaels death was controversial in that the hand signal which either meant peace, or could be related to gangs was used the gesture could be interpreted as peace or gangs depending on the racialized body with which it associated this spurned #iftheygunnedmedown... they would use a picture like this these were pictures of solidarity - suggesting anyone could be represented as either respectable and innocent or violent and criminal raises awareness of the way young black bodies are vulnerable to misrepresentation by mainstream media on the day of his funeral, the media portrayed Michael as no angel in weak smear campaign
In the film The Pearl Button, the director Patricio Guzman suggests:
the indigenous people of Tierra del Fuego lived in harmony with the cosmos and the sea
Westernization
the influence of Western customs are called acculturated
westernization
the influence of western expansion on indigenous people and their cultures
According to Tomas, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the kino-eye?
the kino-eye copies the work of a human eye
According to Tomas, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the kino-eye?
the kino-eye copies the work of the human eye
Williams and Delli Carpini (2004)
the new media environment disrupts the traditional 'single axis system' of political influence and creates a fluid multiaxity of power three ways:
assimilation
the process of change that a minority ethnic group may experience when it moves to a country where another culture dominates minority adopts the patterns and norms of its host culture
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that the traditional working-class patriarchy has been thrown into crisis?
the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that the traditional working-class patriarchy has been thrown into crisis? A. massive rural to urban migration in a hostile cultural context B. the expansion of women's rights C. the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures D. the restructuring of the global economy
the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures
According to Bourgois in "In Search of Masculinity," which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that the traditional working-class patriarchy has been thrown into crisis? massive rural to urban migration in a hostile cultural context the expansion of women's rights the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures the restructuring of the global economy
the psychological deficiencies of pathological individuals and the social pathology of subcultures
According to Farmer, there are three reasons that structural violence eludes description. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
the rarity and randomness of suffering
According to Farmer, there are three reasons that structural violence eludes description. Which of the following is NOT one of them? the dynamics and distribution of suffering the exoticization of suffering the rarity and randomness of suffering the sheer weight of the suffering
the rarity and randomness of suffering
According to Farmer, there are three reasons that structural violence eludes description. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
the rarity and randomness of the suffering
According to King, which of the following is NOT one of the "universal themes" that have made the film so successful?
the resistance to empire
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," what is the punctum of the Shamu show?
the spyhop
According to Desmond in "Performing Nature," what is the punctum of the Shamu show? the otters the sea lion the splash zone the spyhop
the spyhop
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a tribe?
the tribe is the oldest sociopolitical type; the tribe predates the state
The vast majority of coffee is grown in "the bean belt." Where is the bean belt?
the tropics
The interventionist ideology of "the white man's burden" held that:
the white man was more civilized and had a moral obligation to civilize non-whites
Regional Symbiosis
theory that argues there are subregions in bigger regions
If gender is a spectrum, which of the following is NOT true?
there can only be two genders THESE ARE TRUE: -in every social activity, one is claiming one's place on the spectrum -there is an infinite number of possible genders -there is no social activity which is not gendered
Milton Fried said that
there is no evidence to suggest that tribes existed before states
Brian Ferguson argument against Chagnon
there was a spike in violence when Chagnon was there
What does James Woodburn say about egalitarian societies
they "systematically eliminate distinctions" of wealth, power and status
In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," how do the Juhoansi people react to Lee's gift?
they complain that it is too meager to provide for the group
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
they display freshly butchered meat they keep relics of animal parts as decoration they wear clothing with totem-animal designs ALL OF THE ABOVE
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
they display freshly butchered meat they keep relics of animal parts as decoration they wear clothing with totem-animal designs all of the above
According to Moon and Talley, how do Ree Dolly and her relatives exhibit animism in Winter's Bone?
they display freshly butchered meat, they keep relics of animal parts as decoration, they wear clothing with totem-animal designs
Clifford Geertz argues that an ethnographic representation should be detailed enough to distinguish between a twitch, a wink, and a parody of a misunderstood twitch/wink. In other words, ethnography should be:
thick description
#HandsUpDontShoot
this emerged often accompanied with a picture of people with their hand up this drew attention to the arbitrary nature of racialized policing, the vulnerability of black bodies and the problematic ways in which blackness is perceived as a constant threat #hadsudontshoot also became a tool for contesting victim-blaming many people changed their profile picture to them with their hands up demonstrates how the vacuous practice of taking selfies cn become politically meaningful in the context of racialized bodies
In "Ecopolitics," according to Kohn, one important goal of the Kawsak Sacha proposal is:
to stop oil and mineral extraction on native lands and tropical forests
Twitter revolution -
trafficking the digital literacy myth and erasing the bodies of those fighting for political reform
In "Min(d)ing the Body" in deconstructing the notion of scarcity, Scheper-Hughes argues that the real scarcity in the organ trade is
transplant patients of sufficient means to pay for the expensive surgery
In "Min(d)ing the Body," in deconstructing the notion of scarcity, Scheper-Hughes argues that the real scarcity in the organ trade is: a. healthy, transplantable organs b. surgeons who are willing to work in the gray area of transplanting foreign body parts c. transplant patients of sufficient means to pay for the expensive surgery d. transplant patients who are willing to accept foreign body parts
transplant patients of sufficient means to pay for the expensive surgery
In "Min(d)ing the Body," in deconstructing the notion of scarcity, Scheper-Hughes argues that the real scarcity in the organ trade is:
transplant patients of sufficient means to pay for the expensive surgery
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones?
tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones?
tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones?
tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones? A. it is impossible for tribes to survive in shatter zones B. tribal people eventually became colonizers and state-makers throughout the world C. tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance D. tribes are uncontacted groups of people who have not yet been incorporated into the state and civilization
tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
Which of the following most closely resembles Scott's basic argument about tribal groups in shatter zones? it is impossible for tribes to survive in shatter zones tribal people eventually became colonizers and state-makers throughout the world tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance tribes are uncontacted groups of people who have not yet been incorporated into the state and civilization
tribal people specifically choose to live at the margins because they value equality and flexible social structure more than state governance
In his review of The Florida Project, Scott argues that the film is remarkable because it simultaneously casts a spell and tells the truth.
true
In his review of The Florida Project, Scott argues that the film is remarkable because it simultaneously casts a spell and tells the truth. true false
true
True or false: All people today live within a state.
true
tribes
typically have economies based on horticulture and pastoralism live in villages and organized into kin groups based on common descent have no formal gov. and no reliable means of enforcing political decisions
In "Killing the Documentary," what does Godmilow call non-fiction films which assert their status as both art and activism and thus the license to refuse compliance with certain classic codes of ethical documentary filmmaking?
unruly documentary activism
In "Killing the Documentary" what does Godmilow call non-fiction films which assert their status as both art and activism and thus the license to refuse compliance with certain classic codes of ethical documentary filmmaking
unruly documentary artivism
In "Killing the Documentary," what does Godmilow call non-fiction films which assert their status as both art and activism and thus the license to refuse compliance with certain classic codes of ethical documentary filmmaking?
unruly documentary artivism
In "Killing the Documentary," what does Godmilow call non-fiction films which assert their status as both art and activism and thus the license to refuse compliance with certain classic codes of ethical documentary filmmaking? collaborative performance film collaborative protest film social justice documentary unruly documentary artivism
unruly documentary artivism
In "Killing the Documentary," what does Godmilow call non-fiction films which assert their status as both art and activism and thus the license to refuse compliance with certain classic codes of ethical documentary filmmaking? a. collaborative performance film b. collaborative protest film c. social justice documentary d. unruly documentary artivism
unruly documentary artivism
lineages
use demonstrated descent--members recite the names of their forebears from the apical ancestor thru the present
clans
use stipulated descent--say they descend from the apical ancestor without trying to trace the actual genealogical links
multiculturalism
view of cultural diversity in a country as something good and desirable
According to Aufderheide, which of the following is NOT true of documentary film?
viewers of documentary film demand that the things they are told be portrayed objectively and that they are the complete truth
According to Aufderheide, which of the following is NOT true of documentary film?
viewers of documentary film demand that things they are told be portrayed objectively and they are the complete truth
Jaques Lizot argument against Chagnon
violence is only sporadic; it never dominates social life for any length of tome
Theories of state formation
voluntary conflict/coercion
mode of production
way of organizing production- "a set of social relations thru which labor is deployed to wrest energy from nature by means of tools, skills, organization & knowledge"
According to Scott, which of the following is NOT in the portfolio of techniques used by people in "zones of refuge" to avoid incorporation into the state?
wet-rice cultivation and other agricultural techniques that enable the production of a surplus
According to Scott, which of the following is NOT in the portfolio of techniques used by people in "zones of refuge" to avoid incorporation into the state?
wet-rice cultivation and other agricultural techniques that enable the production of a surplus YES location in remote and marginal areas short and/or oral genealogies social structure that favors dispersion, fission, and reformulation
extended family household
when an expanded family household includes 3 or more generations
According to Davis in "Another World," the majority of Sea World customers are:
white and upper-middle class
According to Davis in "Another World," the majority of Sea World customers are: equally distributed across all ethnic groups equally distributed across all socio-economic classes urban nonwhites white and upper-middle class
white and upper-middle class
polyandry
woman has more than one husband
Ambinder - twitter served the protestors by preading information about the on-the-ground circumstances in real time - in this way it served as a intelligence servicefor the Iranian opposition
• Also argues that tweets got the west involved including #CNNFail • He also argues that Ahmaninejad's regime is disempowered by the Iranian peoples access to ways of communicating and organizing outside of their control • If they tried to assassinate Mousavi, there would be a huge amount of social media backlash, and because of social media he would become an instant martyr • Ambinder's rhetoric assigns agency and intent to social media
The rise of mass self communication
• Horizontal networks that connect local and global in a chosen time, have been prompted by the diffusion of internet, mobile communication, didigital meda and a variety of tools of social software
Battle of the mind not the body
• If a majority of people think in ways that are contradictory to the values and norms institutionalized in the state and enshrined in the law and regulations, ultimately the system will change, although not necessarily to fufil the hopes of the agents of social change • Change will take time, because communication, and particularly socialized communication, as it exists in the public realm, provides support for the social production of meaning • The battle of the human mind is played out in the processes of communication
Politics use media
• Political actors exercise power over the media - the current 24 hours news cycle increases the importance of politicians for the media, as they have to feed content relentlessly • Also doesn't mean the audience simply follow what the media says
o There is a odd relationship between the two practices which have come to define social movements - social media and protest camps
• Social media facilitaes interpersonal connections across distance • Reflect the individualistic nature of society where we can talk to people but not fully engage with them • Physical proximity of bodies in an occupied space is the r of virtual proximity
An emotional choreography
• The biggest contribution social media has had is the choreography of assembly • This is process of symbolic construction of public space, which revolves around an emotional scene setting and scripting of participants physical assembling
Message is the medium
• The issue is the content that is missed out in the media • What does not exist in the media does not exist in the oublic mind • Therefore a political meesage has to be a media message • Whenever a politically related message is conveyed through the media, it must be couched in the specific language of the media, in many cases this means television language • This need to format message in its media form has considerable implications • It is not entirely true that the medium is the message, empirically speaking, but it certainly has substantial influence on the forma and effect of the message
#noangel
• twitter began using #noangel to highlight the mainstreams media inability to acknowledge the possibility of black victimhood or innocence cumulatively all of these hastags speak to the long history of innacruate and unfair portrayal of African americans within the mainstream media and to the systematic profiling and victim blaming suffered by racialized bodies
