A&P Chapter 12: CNS

Collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal.

Cauda equina

Inferior point of termination of the spinal cord in an adult.

Conus medullaris

Cerebral spinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles through the cerebral aqueduct into the third ventricle. Select one: True False

False

Commissural fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon. Select one: True False

False

Damage to the ventral horn or root may result in spastic paralysis. Select one: True False

False

If there are no detectable brain waves the person must be asleep. Select one: True False

False

The canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles and running through the midbrain is the interventricular foramen. Select one: True False

False

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

Filum terminale

Motor speech (Broca's) area

Frontal lobe

Gustatory (taste) area

Insula

The blood brain barrier is one of the protections of the CNS. Which is correct? Select one: a. The capillaries have gap junctions b. It can keep drugs like anesthetics out of the CNS c. It develops because under the influence of astrocytes d. The BBB leaks at the third ventricle

It develops because under the influence of astrocytes

Auditory area.

Temporal lobe

Which is correct about brain anatomy? Select one: a. The central sulcus is found in the insula b. The postcentral gyrus is in the frontal lobe c. The lateral sulcus is above the temporal lobe d. The longitudinal fissure separates the cerebrum and cerebellum

The lateral sulcus is above the temporal lobe

Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over (decussate) from one side of the body to the other. Select one: True False

True

Motor speech is controlled by Broca's area in the frontal lobe. Select one: True False

True

The reticular formation keeps you awake and filters out most sensory inputs. Select one: True False

True

The spinal cord functions to house reflexes as well as two way communication with the brain. Select one: True False

True

The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? Select one: a. arachnoid and pia b. dura and epidura c. arachnoid and dura d. arachnoid and epidura

arachnoid and pia

The axons going to or from the cerebral cortex and spinal cord Select one: a. all decussate b. are projection fibers c. are mostly unmyelinated d. travel in the corpus callosum

are projection fibers

Produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival.

brain stem

What groove separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe? Select one: a. central sulcus b. lateral fissure c. parieto-occipital sulcus d. longitudinal fissure

central sulcus

The arbor vitae refers to ________. Select one: a. cerebellar gray matter b. flocculonodular nodes c. the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum d. cerebellar white matter

cerebellar white matter

Ensures coordination and balance.

cerebellum

White matter is found in all of the following locations EXCEPT the ________. Select one: a. outer portion of the spinal cord b. corpus callosum c. corticospinal tracts d. cerebral cortex

cerebral cortex

The large commissure that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ________. Select one: a. longitudinal fissure b. corpus callosum c. corona radiata d. internal capsule

corpus callosum

The spinothalamic tracts in the spinal cord Select one: a. go to the cerebellum b. carry information from fine touch receptors c. decussate in the spinal cord before ascending d. synapse in the medulla oblongata

decussate in the spinal cord before ascending

The ________ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. Select one: a. midbrain b. diencephalon c. brain stem d. basal nuclei

diencephalon

Interneurons receiving input from sensory neurons are located in the ________. Select one: a. lateral horn b. dorsal root ganglion c. dorsal (posterior) horn d. ventral (anterior) horn

dorsal (posterior) horn

During rapid eye movement sleep (REM) Select one: a. oxygen consumption is lower than in the awake state b. dreaming occurs c. all skeletal muscles are active d. most of the restoration from sleep occurs

dreaming occurs

What type of cells line the ventricles of the brain? Select one: a. epithelial cells b. astrocytes c. ependymal cells d. neurons

ependymal cells

Seat of intelligence, abstract reasoning.

frontal lobe

An elevated ridge of the cortex is called a ________. Select one: a. furrow b. gyrus c. sulcus d. fissure

gyrus

The primary motor cortex Select one: a. is the same as the premotor cortex b. houses cell bodies of upper motor neurons c. can learn motor skills with practice d. controls all eve movements

houses cell bodies of upper motor neurons

Which brain structure functions to control the autonomic nervous system and to regulate body temperature? Select one: a. pons b. hypothalamus c. medulla oblongata d. mammillary body

hypothalamus

Which of the following is NOT a role of the basal nuclei? Select one: a. initiating protective reflex actions b. controlling starting and stopping movements c. playing a role in cognition and emotion d. inhibiting unnecessary or antagonistic movements

initiating protective reflex actions

Broca's area ________. Select one: a. is usually found only in the right hemisphere b. is considered a motor speech area c. serves the recognition of complex objects d. controls voluntary movements of the eyes

is considered a motor speech area

Cerebral spinal fluid Select one: a. is in the subdural space b. is made by the choroid plexus c. comes from the pineal gland d. contains the same ions as blood plasma

is made by the choroid plexus

Most of the axons in the corticospinal tracts (pyramidal tracts) decussate in the Select one: a. medulla oblongata b. diencephalon c. pons d. midbrain

medulla oblongata

Vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. Select one: a. medulla oblongata b. cerebrum c. midbrain d. pons

medulla oblongata

You are looking at brain region and observe the fourth ventricle, cranial nerve X and pyramids.You conclude that you are looking at the Select one: a. medulla oblongata b. midbrain c. thalamus d. pons

medulla oblongata

The corpora quadrigemina are found in the ________. Select one: a. pons b. diencephalon c. midbrain d. cerebellum

midbrain

The brain stem consists of the ________. Select one: a. midbrain only b. cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla c. midbrain, medulla, and pons d. pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain

midbrain, medulla, and pons

Visual area

occipital lobe

Primary somatosensory cortex.

parietal lobe

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the ________. Select one: a. frontal lobe b. temporal lobe c. parietal lobe d. prefrontal lobe

parietal lobe

Nuclei of cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VI (abducens), and VII (facial) are found in the ________. Select one: a. midbrain b. pons c. cerebrum d. medulla

pons

Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles, might suggest damage to the ________. Select one: a. rubrospinal tracts b. premotor cortex c. primary motor cortex d. spinal cord

premotor cortex

Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are ________. Select one: a. extrapyramidal and rubrospinal b. pyramidal and corticospinal c. supplementary and cerebellar-pontine d. segmental and nigrostriatal

pyramidal and corticospinal

The two longitudinal ridges on the medulla oblongata where many descending fibers cross over are called the ________. Select one: a. nuclei b. pyramids c. olives d. lateral horns

pyramids

Which of the following would you NOT find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? Select one: a. protein b. red blood cells c. potassium d. glucose

red blood cells

The hypothalamus controls all of these body functions except Select one: a. wake/sleep cycles b. thirst c. temperature d. respiratory rate

respiratory rate

The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________. Select one: a. thalamus b. pyramids c. limbic system d. reticular formation

reticular formation

In the spinal cord, __ neurons are associated with the __ horn. Select one: a. somatic motor, lateral b. visceral motor, ventral c. visceral sensory, lateral d. somatosensory, dorsal

somatosensory, dorsal

If the caudal portion of the neural tube failed to develop properly the ________. Select one: a. hindbrain would not be present b. cranial nerves would not form c. telencephalon would cease development d. spinal cord may be affected

spinal cord may be affected

In an embryonic brain, this region develops into the cerebrum Select one: a. rhombencephalon b. diencephalon c. myelencephalon d. telencephalon

telencephalon

The lateral sulcus separates which lobes? Select one: a. parietal from occipital b. frontal from temporal c. temporal from parietal d. frontal from parietal

temporal from parietal

REM sleep is associated with ________. Select one: a. decreased oxygen use, especially in the cerebral cortex b. temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for ocular muscles and diaphragm c. decreased vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure d. decreased activity of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex

temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for ocular muscles and diaphragm

Gateway to the cerebrum.

thalamus

Second-order neurons of ascending pathways that contribute to sensory perception terminate in the ________. Select one: a. medulla b. thalamus c. somatosensory cortex d. spinal cord

thalamus

The brain region that sorts and edits inputs for the cerebral cortex is the Select one: a. cingulate gyrus b. hippocampus c. caudate nucleus d. thalamus

thalamus

In the dorsal column - medial leminiscal sensory pathway Select one: a. the information is processed by the limbic system b. the second order neurons crossover in the medulla oblongata c. pain signals are transmitted d. information goes directly to the cerbellum

the second order neurons crossover in the medulla oblongata

The occipital lobes and cerebellum are separated by this dural membrane Select one: a. the falx cerebri b. the falx cerebelli c. the tentorium cerebelli d. a dural venous sinus

the tentorium cerebelli

Which brain waves are uncommon for awake adults, but are common for children? Select one: a. delta b. alpha c. theta d. beta

theta

The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensing a full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the ________. Select one: a. gustatory cortex b. vestibular cortex c. olfactory cortex d. visceral sensory area

visceral sensory area