A&P Chapter 8

What is the unique compromise of the articulations in the appendicular skeleton?

The stronger the joint, the more restricted the range of motion.

Where does the deltoid tuberosity run?

along the lateral surface of the humerus

The ___________ marks the end of the joint capsule, whereas the ______ is the point where fractures generally occur.

anatomical neck; surgical neck

What rough area of the ilium marks the site of articulation with the sacrum?

auricular surface

The general appearance of the female pelvis is different from the male in that the female pelvis is

broad, light, and smooth

The large heel bone that transfers your body weight to the ground is the

calcaneus

Which of the following tarsals forms the bone of the heel?

calcaneus

The largest carpal bone in the hand is the __________.

capitate

The humerus articulates with the scapula at the ____________.

glenoid fossa

The process on the humerus located near the head that establishes the contour of the shoulder is the __________.

greater tubercle

What is the term given to the big toe?

hallux

The distal end of the tibia bears the ___________.

medial malleolus

Which bones form the palm of the hand?

metacarpals

The distal portion of the foot is made of bones called __________.

metatarsals

The surfaces of the scapulae and clavicles are extremely important as sites for

muscle attachment

The bone of the ankle that is just posterior to the medial cuneiform is called the

navicular bone

The superior lip of the trochlear notch of the ulna is formed by the __________.

olecranon

Which feature of the ulna forms the point of the elbow?

olecranon

The depression on the posterior medial surface of the distal end of the humerus is called the

olecranon fossa

When the forearm is extended, the __________ fits into the __________.

olecranon; olecranon fossa

The olecranon fossa on the humerus is located on the bone's _____________ side

posterior

The spine of the scapula is located on the bone's _________ side

posterior

The coccyx points inferiorly in

the female pelvis

The fovea capitis is a depression in __________.

the femoral head

The large medial bone of the lower leg is the

tibia

What is the medial bone of the lower leg?

tibia

The wrist contains __________ carpal bones in __________ rows.

8; 2

In a female, the angle at the pubic symphysis is greater than ____________.

90 degrees

What factors are used in determining the age of a skeleton?

Mineral content of bones, presence or absence of epiphyseal plates, and size and roughness of bone markings

When a person fractures the fibula, why does walking become difficult?

The fibula provides lateral stability to the ankle joint.

What does the appendicular skeleton include?

The pelvic girdle, pectoral girdle, and upper and lower limbs

What is the common name for collarbone?

clavicle

Which bone provides the only fixed support for the pectoral girdle?

clavicle

The bones of the pectoral girdle include the __________

clavicle and scapula

The scapula has two large processes called the ___________ and the __________

coracoid; acromion

When the forearm is flexed, the __________ fits into the __________.

coronoid process; coronoid fossa

The pelvic bone or ________, is the result of the fusion of _____ bones.

coxa; three

The head of the ulna is located __________ to the ulnar tuberosity.

distal

In the female pelvis you would expect the iliac crests to be

farther apart than the male pelvis

What bone articulates, or forms a joint, with the acetabulum?

femur

What is the largest and heaviest bone in the body?

femur

What is the longest and heaviest bone in the human body?

femur

The term "phalanges" is used for the bones of the

fingers and toes

The pelvic inlet of a male is in what shape?

heart

The calcaneus forms the

heel

Alternate name for "coxal bones"

hip bones

Which bones contribute to the formation of the acetabulum?

ilium, ischium, and pubis

The bones of the pelvic girdle include the

ilium, pubis, and ischium

"sitting bones"

ischial tuberosities

When you sit down, you are resting your weight on your

ischial tuberosities

The malleolus of the fibula is always on the ___________ aspect of the leg

lateral

What is the prominent deviation that runs along the center of the posterior surface of the femur which serves as an attachment site for muscles that abduct the femur?

linea aspera

Weight transfer occurs along the __________ of the foot.

longitudinal arch

Which pelvis is more narrow, male or female?

male

Which features, found on the tibia and fibula, provide(s) support for the ankle joint?

malleoli

The distal processes of the tibia and fibula that act as a shield for the ankle are the

malleolus

The clavicles articulate with a bone of the sternum called the

manubrium

What is the large sesamoid bone found in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris?

patella

The primary function of the pectoral girdle is to

position the shoulder joint and provide a base for arm movement

What structure is associated only with the radius and not with the ulna?

proximal head

What structural characteristics of the pectoral girdle allow for a great deal of movement?

relatively weak joint

The lumbar spine and pelvic girdle articulate with the

sacrum

The proximal wrist bones, from lateral to medial, are __________.

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

At its proximal end, the round head of the humerus articulates with the __________.

scapula

The coracoid process and acromion are parts of the

scapula

Which bone articulates with the humerus to form the shoulder joint?

scapula

Which bone has a glenoid cavity that is the site of articulation with the humerus in the pectoral girdle?

scapula

On the clavicle, the _________ articulates with the manubrium

sternal end

What is the only bone in the ankle that articulates with the tibia and the fibula?

talus

What are the bones of the ankle?

talus, cuboid, navicular, calcaneus, and three cuneiforms

The radial fossa is proximal to

the capitulum

The sacrum or coccyx are curved in

the male pelvis

Each coxa attaches to other bones through

the pubic symphysis and sacral joints

The pollex is the

thumb

The distal carpal bones, going from lateral to medial, are __________.

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate

The distal carpals are the __________.

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate

The small, pea-shaped pisiform bone sits anterior to the __________ bone.

triquetrum

A process on the medial side of the distal end of the humerus is the

trochlea

What is found on the distal portion of the humerus?

trochlea

The trochlea of the humerus articulates with what bone?

ulna

In anatomical position the ________ lies medial to the ________

ulna; radius

Carpal tunnel syndrome is an inflammation of the

wrist