a&p lab 7 hw

__________ glands are found primarily in the genital and axillary areas.

apocrine

Pressure receptors, called lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles, are located in this layer of the integument.

dermal reticular layer

This accessory organ of the skin is composed primarily of dead, keratinized cells.

hair

Skin color can indicate certain disease states. A reddened, flushed face might indicate ________.

hypertension, fever, or embarrassment

These are the most abundant epidermal cells.

keratinocytes

Drag the labels onto the diagram to identify the main structural features in the epidermis of thin skin.

left column: dermis middle column: stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basales right column: keratinocytes - dendritic cell melanocyte tactile (merkel) cell

Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.

left column: epidermis papillary layer - dermis reticular layer - hypodermis right column: dermal papillae

Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.

left column: hair shaft sensory nerve fiber lamellar corpuscle right column: sweat gland arrector pili muscle sebaceous gland hair follicle

A freckle is a concentrated spot of this pigment.

melanin

Name the substance that protects the DNA of rapidly dividing skin cells from the damage caused by ultraviolet rays from the sun.

melanin

The portion of a hair that projects from the scalp surface is known as the __________.

shaft

All the following are functions of the skin EXCEPT __________.

site of vitamin A synthesis

Keratinase is an enzyme produced by dermatophytes. Which organ and/or structure in the body would these pathogenic fungi tend to proliferate in?

skin, hair, and nails

Which of the following is not a function of the skin?

synthesizing vitamin C

What is not true about cutaneous glands, hair, and nails?

they are made up entirely of dead cells

Which of the following pigments is not involved in determining skin color?

white pigments in skin cells

What is true about the blood supply to the skin?

epidermis is avascular and dermis is richly vascularized

Match these vocabulary terms to their meanings.

The cells that produce melanin are MELANOCYTES. Milk-producing glands in the breast are MAMMARY GLANDS. The deep layer of skin is called the DERMIS. Skin cancer arising in the stratum basale is called basal cell CARCINOMA. An injection given under the skin is a SUBCUTANEOUS injection.

Match these prefixes and suffixes to their meanings.

The word root MAMM- means breast. The word root -OMA means tumor. The word root MELAN- means black or dark. The word root DERM- means skin. The word root SUB- means under, below, or beneath.

__________ is a yellow-orange pigment found in the stratum corneum and the hypodermis.

carotene

The hypodermis is ________.

composed primarily of adipose tissue

The ________ is often referred to as the cuticle of a nail.

eponychium

The region beneath the free edge of the nail is called the ________.

hyponychium

Vitiligo is a disorder in which the pigmentation of the skin is uneven, resulting in white patches. Recent research suggests that vitiligo might be an autoimmune disorder. Which cells would you expect to be most affected?

melanocytes

This structure located in the epidermis serves as a tactile (touch) receptor.

merkel cell

This region of the nail is responsible for nail growth.

nail matrix

This layer of the dermis is responsible for fingerprints.

papillary layer

The ducts of __________ glands usually empty into a hair follicle but may also open directly on the skin surface.

sebaceous

Like all epithelial membranes, the skin has an epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer. The keratinized epithelial and connective tissues are ________.

stratified squamous and dense irregular

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the __________.

stratum corneum

Nails originate from the epidermis.

true

The ________ is the structure responsible for goose bumps.

arrector pili

Skin color is determined by the degree of oxygenation of the blood and the relative amounts of these two pigments.

melanin and carotene

What is true about both the epidermis and the dermis?

sensory receptors are present in each

From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis of thin skin are ________.

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum

The cells in this layer of epidermis are dead, and their flat, scale-like remnants are filled with keratin.

stratum corneum

This layer of the epidermis contains translucent cells filled with keratin fibrils. It is found only in thick skin.

stratum lucidum

Which of the statements below is true for both eccrine and apocrine glands?

they produce sweat

These cells produce a brown-to-black pigment that colors the skin and protects DNA from ultraviolet radiation damage. The cells are __________.

melanocytes

These glands are found all over the skin except in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. They produce an oily substance that lubricates skin and hair.

sebaceous glands