A&P Lab Practical #1

What organs are apart of the Skeletal system? What is the main function?

-Bones, cartilages, tendons, ligaments and joints -Structure, protection of internal organs, and storage

What organs are apart of the Nervous system? What is the main function?

-Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors -Maintains homeostasis vid rapid transmission of electrical signals

What organs are apart of the Muscular system? What is the main function?

-Muscles -Contract or shorten for locomotion

What are the 9 abdominopelvic region?

-Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, left lateral, umbilical, right lateral, right inguinal, pubic, and left inguinal

What organs are apart of the Integumentary system? What is the main function?

-Skin, hair, and nails; cutaneous sense organs and glands. -Protection and regulation of body temperature

Facilitated diffusion needs what?

A protein carrier

Active processes require what?

ATP (energy)

Which body cavity would be opened to perform a hysterectomy?

Abdominopelvic cavity

Meiosis occurs in what cells? produces what kind/how many daughter cells?

All cells other than reproductive; 2 diploid nonidentical cells

Name the body region that blood is usually drawn from

Antecubitus

What two cavities make up the dorsal body cavity?

Cranial and Vertebral cavity

What is the function of peroxisomes? Where are they located?

Detoxify alcohol, free radicals, and other harmful chemicals; Abundant in kidney and liver cells... IN CYTOPLASM

What is the movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a movement of lower concentration?

Diffusion

The abdominopelvic cavity contains what organs?

Digestive organs (abdominal cavity) and urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum (pelvic cavity)

The mother of a child scheduled to receive a thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland) asks you whether there will be any side effects from the removal of the gland. Which two organ systems would you mention in your explanation?

Endocrine and Lymphatic systems

What is the function of the centrioles?

Helps during division of mitosis

A cell is __ if it contains fewer non penetrating solute particles than the interior of the cells. Water moves how?

Hypotonic; water moves into the cell

Filtration occurs where?

In the capillary walls

The nucleus is called the control center of the cell. why?

It contains the genetic material

What are the cytoskeletal elements? What is the function?

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules; help determine cell shape

What is the flow of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

Osmosis

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Packaging of lysosomal enzymes

What is the serosa lining the heart?

Pericardium

An abdominal hernia results when weakened muscles allow the protrusion of asbominatl structures. In the case of an umbilical hernia, parts of a serous membrane and the small intestine from the bulge. Which serous membrane is involved?

Peritoneum

The serosa lining the abdominal cavity and covering its organs is what?

Peritoneum

What is the function of lysosomes? Referred to as? Where are they located?

Phagocytosis "engulfing"; "suicide sacs"; cytoplasm

The serosa enclosing the lungs is what?

Pleura

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Powerhouses of the cell. Produces energy in the form of ATP

What is the function of the ribosomes? Where are they located?

Protein synthesis; The Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Threadlike chromatin are during what?

Regular cell growth

Chromosomes are during what?

Reproduction

Mitosis are __ cells that produce how many haploid cells?

Reproductive; two identical

Untreated diabetes mellitus can lead to a condition in which the blood is more acidic than normal. Name two organ systems that play the largest role in compensation for acid-base imbalances.

Respiratory and urinary systems

A patient has been diagnosed with appendicitis. Use anatomical terminology to describe the location of the person's pain. Assume that the pain is referred to the surface of the body above the organ.

Right inguinal region

What is the function of the Endoplasmic reticulum?

Smooth ER- lipid synthesis and drug detoxification Rough ER- protein synthesis

Describe completely the standard anatomical position

Standing up straight, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, and palms facing forward with arms by the side

Which smaller body cavity would be opened to perform a total knee joint replacement?

Synovial joint cavity

The dorsal cavity contains what organs?

The brain and the spinal cord

The axial region of the body includes what?

The head, neck, and trunk

The appendicular region includes what?

The limbs

What cavity contains the heart and lungs?

Thoracic

The ventral body cavity contains what two cavities?

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

What membrane covers the external surface of the organs within the cavity?

Visceral serosa

Individuals with asplenia are missing their spleen or have a spleen that doesn't function well. It is recommended that these patients talk to their doctor about vaccines that are indicated for their health condition. Explain how this recommendation correlates to their chronic health condition.

Without a spleen or any vaccine that is similar, the blood will not be filtrated properly.

The basic unit of life is what?

cell

What is the fluid cytoplasmic material?

cytosol

A cell is __ if it contains more non penetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell. Water moves how?

hypertonic; out of the cell

What membrane lines the cavity walls?

parietal serosa

The unassisted diffusion of solutes through a selectively permeable membrane is what?

simple diffusion

Group of cells that are similar in structure and function are

tissues