Abdominal vasculature - sonography
Aortic rupture - sono findings
-abdominal aneurysm with an adjacent hematoma
Aortic Rupture - clinical findings
-decreased hematocrit -hypotension -pulsatile abdominal mass -abdominal bruit -back pain -abdominal pain -lower extremity pain
AAA - sono findings
-diameter of the abdominal aorta >3cm -thrombus within the lumen of the aorta -calcifications, along with the thrombus, may produce acoustic shadowing
Aortic dissection - clinical findings
-intense chest pain -hypertension -abdominal pain -lower back pain -neurologic symptoms
Pseudoaneurysm - sono findings
-perivascular hematoma containing swirling blood and has a neck connecting it to the vessel -color Doppler demonstration of turbulent flow within the mass
Aortic dissection - sono findings
-possible AAA -intimal flap may be noted within the aortic lumen
AAA - clinical findings
-pulsatile abdominal mass -abdominal bruit -back pain -abdominal pain -lower extremity pain
Pseudoaneurysm - clinical findings
-recent catheterization, surgical procedure, or trauma -pulsatile mass in the area of the puncture location
The diameter of the IVC should never exceed...
2.5cm
Aneurysms that measure greater than ? cm in diameter are more prone to rupture
7cm
A syndrome described as the occlusion of the hepatic veins, with possible co-existing occlusion of the IVC
Budd-Chiari syndrome
A contained rupture of a blood vessel that is most likely secondary to the disruption of one or more layers of that vessel's wall
False aneurysm (pseudoaneurysm)
The residual channel of a vessel created by the accumulation of a clot within that vessel
False lumen
Shaped like a spindle; wider in the middle and tapering towards the ends
Fusiform
The most common shape of an abdominal aneurysm...
Fusiform
The flow pattern that results from small arteries or arterioles that are contracted, which produces an increase in the resistance to blood flow to the structure that is being supplied
High-resistance flow
The most common location of an AAA...
Infrarenal
Observation of the intimal layer of a vessel as a result of a dissection
Intimal flap
The aorta originates at the...
Left ventricle
The flow pattern characterized by persistent flow throughout the cardiac cycle
Low-resistance flow
A disorder of the connective tissue characterized by tall stature and aortic and mitral valve insufficiency
Marfan syndrome
Aneurysms caused by infection
Mycotic aneurysm
The IVC terminates at the...
Right atrium
Enlargement of the IVC, with subsequent enlargement of the hepatic veins, is seen in cases of...
Right-sided heart failure
A saclike dilation of a blood vessel
Saccular aneurysm
A condition resulting in interruption or reduction of the blood supply to the small intestines
Small bowel ischemia
False (pseudoaneurysms) typically result from...
Some type of injury to an artery, as seen with interventional procedures, surgery, or trauma. -can also be associated with infection
The main portal vein is created by the union of...
The splenic vein and the SMV
A malignant tumor of the urinary tract that is often found within the urinary bladder or within the renal pelvis
Transitional cell carcinoma
The enlargement of a vessel that involves all three layers of the wall
True aneurysm
The true channel within a vessel
True lumen
The outer wall layer of a vessel
Tunica adventitia
The inner wall of a vessel
Tunica intima
The middle, muscular layer of a vessel
Tunica media
-The most common solid malignant pediatric abdominal mass -a malignant pediatric renal mass that may also be referred to as nephroblastoma
Wilms tumor
