Abeka Chemistry Quizzes and Test Review Chapters 3-4
ammonium sulfate
(NH₄)₂SO₄
single-displacement reaction
2 Al(s) + Fe₂O₃(s) → 2 Fe(l) + Al₂O₃(s)
combination reaction
2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) → H₂O (g)
combination reaction
2 NH₃(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) →(NH₄)₂SO₄(aq)
decomposition reaction
2 NaClO₃(s) → 2 NaCl(s) + 3 O₂(g)
CH₂O
A molecule of the sugar fructose contains 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms. What is its empirical formula?
double-displacement reaction
BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂SO₄(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + BaSo₄(s)
carbon dioxide
CO₂
carbonate
CO₃²⁻
calcium carbonate
CaCO₃
chlorate
Cl⁻
copper(I) hydroxide
CuOH
decomposition reaction
C₆H₁₄(g) → C₆H₆(g) + 4 H₂(g)
lead(II) nitrate
Fe(NO₃)₂
single-displacement reaction
Fe(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) → H₂(g) + FeSO₄(aq)
iron(III)
Fe³⁺
bicarbonate
HCO₃⁻
molar mass
If the empirical formula of a substance is known, what additional information is needed to calculate the molecular formula?
According to the law of conservation of mass, the sum of the masses of the products is always equal to the sum of the masses of the reactants. The products must contain the same number of each type of atom that the reactants did in this reaction. So the unknown products must contain two carbon atoms (C₂) and four hydrogen atoms (H₄). This was obtained by comparing both sides of the reaction and subtracting the known products from the reactants. Therefore the formula for the unknown product is C₂H₄.
In the presence of sulfuric acid, one molecule of ethanol (C₂H₆O) can react to form one molecule each of water and another product: C₂H₆O → H₂O + ? Using the law of conservation of mass, describe a technique a chemist could use to predict the formula of the unknown product; then use the technique you describe to predict the formula of the unknown product.
double-displacement reaction
KOH(aq) + HF(aq) → KF(aq) + H₂O(l)
ammonium
NH₄⁺
nitrogen dioxide
NO₂
nitrate
NO₃⁻
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
N₂H₄ (hydrazine)
N₂H₄ (hydrazine) is sometimes used as a rocket fuel because it reacts readily with oxygen-containing compounds to produce large amounts of hot gas; one such reaction is 2 N₂H₄(l) + N₂O₄(l) → 3 N₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g). If 3 mol N₂H₄ and 4 mol N₂O₄ are available at the beginning of this reaction, which substance will be the limiting reactant?
hydroxide
OH⁻
phosphate
PO₄³⁻
sulfur hexafluoride
SF₆
combination reaction
SO₃(g) + H₂O(l) → H₂SO₄(aq)
sulfate
SO₄²⁻
silicate
SiO₃²⁻
single-displacement reaction
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → H₂(g) + ZnCl₂(aq)
equation
a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction if a chemical ____________
NH₄⁺
ammonium ion
carbon (or monocarbon) tetrafluoride
compound consisting of a carbon atom and four fluorine atoms (CF₄) is named __________
sulfur (or monosulfur) hexafluoride
compound consisting of a sulfur atom and six fluorine atoms (SF₆) is named ____________
dinitrogen pentoxide
compound consisting of a two nitrogen atoms and five oxygen atoms (N₂O₅) is named _____
dinitrogren tetroxide
compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms (N₂O₄) is named ________
Fe²⁺
iron(II) ion
Fe₂Cl₆
molecular formula of diiron hexachloride
P₂I₄
molecular formula of diphosphorus tetraiodide
NO₃⁻
nitrate ion
10
prefix deca-
7
prefix hepta-
9
prefix nona-
8
prefix octa-
SO₄²⁻
sulfate ion
mass
the principle requiring that chemical reactions be balanced is the law of conservation of ______
reactants; products
then writing a chemical reaction, the _________ are on the left and the _________ are on the right
molecular formula
what is a set of symbols that tells how many of each type of atom are found in a molecule
1-
what is the charge of chloride ion
1+
what is the charge of hydrogen ion
2+
what is the charge of lead(II) ion
3-
what is the charge of phosphate ion
molecular mass
what is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule
6.022 x 10²³
what is the value of Avogadro's number
mole
what unit is equivalent to Avogadro's number of objects