Academy and Rococo

academic ranking of genres of art

1.history painting 2.portrait painting 3.genre painting 4.animal painting 5.landscape painting 6.still-life painting

licked surface

A painting surface with a smooth, mirror-like finish created by blending fine brushstrokes.

Madame de Pompadour

Boucher, 1750, Rococo mistress of Louis the 15th French aristocratic attire

Diana Bathing

Boucher, 1750, oil on canvas, Rococo codified rococo work- style that patrons want, more typical of period, rejection of heteronormativity, male gaze

Governess

Chardin, 1740, oil on canvas genre work, painterly approach

Still Life with Peaches, a Silver Goblet, Grapes, and Walnuts

Chardin, 1760, oil on canvas, Rococo painterly approach pyramidal composition - classicizing symbolic content is suppressed

Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin

French Rococo Painter master of still life and genre paintings

Francois Boucher

French Rococo painter employed by Louis XV (15th) to paint Madame Pompadour and his other mistresses.

Jean-Antoine Watteau

French Rococo painter who was responsible for the creation of the fête galante genre

fete galante

French term, used to describe a type of painting which first came to prominence with Antoine Watteau Fêtes galantes, usually small in scale, show groups of elegantly attired men and women, most often placed in a parkland setting and engaged in decorously amorous play. ex. Pilgrimage to Cythera, Watteau

Colorito

Italian, "colored" or "painted." A term used to describe the application of paint. Characteristic of the work of 16th-century Venetian artists who emphasized the application of paint as an important element of the creative process. Central Italian artists, in contrast, largely emphasized disegno the careful design preparation based on preliminary drawing.

disegno

Italian, "drawing" and "design." Renaissance artists considered drawing to be the external physical manifestation (disegno esterno) of an internal intellectual idea of design (disegno interno).

The Shop Sign of Gersaint

Jean-Antoine Watteau, 1720, oil on canvas representation of art dealership, contemporary life, modernity vignettes of figures, elongated indicating which art is fashionable viewer is on the street looking in

Painterly

Painting characterized by openness of form, in which shapes are defined by loose brushwork in light and dark color areas rather than by outline or contour.

Academy

Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture- (David went to) which had been established under Louis XIV (14th) to organize and perpetuate a clear hierarchy of ambition and honor among artists. Only those painters capable of producing complex narrative compositions on Classical themes ("history paintings," as they were called) could aspire to the highest rewards that the state could offer. French Academy in Rome - There the best young artists were given their final induction into the great tradition, now surrounded at first hand by the remains of ancient art and the exemplary classicizing art of the Italian Renaissance. (David went to for 6 years)

Pierrot

Watteau, 1720, Rococo self portrait of artist (self referentiality, important for modernism) harlequin, comes from italian theatre of baroque character is a buffoon melancholy expression

Pilgrimage to Cythera

Watteau, 1720, oil on canvas

Repoussoir

a figure or object in the extreme foreground: used as a contrast and to increase the illusion of depth

patron

a person who provides financial support for the arts

idyll

an extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, typically idealized

Classicism (in art)

artistic style of the 18th century which returned to the simplicity and balance of the High Renaissance while rejecting sumptuousness of baroque

linear

based around line and boundary; the artist sees in clear shapes and the outline of forms.

Le Brun and De Piles doc

conference on the merits of color- academy challenged this charles le brun was director of the academy at the time (he said disegno over color), role of color is to satisfy the eye, disegno=intellect and color contributes to perfection de piles preferred color to disegno argues correct use of color is just as important for design argues with le brun that color is not dependent on design painting is only truly excellent with color

Rubenisme

focus on painterly Rococo period is the rise of this term

Poussinisme

followers of Poussin, line is more important, linear approach, focus on disegno

Allegory

religious and political stories represented in visual works using symbols

pastoral

rural idyllic world

Rococo

term coined by one of David's students, combined the terms rocille and baroque death of Louis 15th= art of this period responds to the representations of amusements and pleasures of the monarchy interaction of figures and the landscape characterized by theatricality

Personification

the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea

Impasto

the process or technique of laying on paint or pigment thickly so that it stands out from a surface.

theatricality

the quality of being exaggerated and excessively dramatic Pilgrimage to Cythera, Watteau

trompe l'oeil

visual illusion in art, especially as used to trick the eye into perceiving a painted detail as a three-dimensional object.