Addictions Final Exam Review

____________ involves the medical management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. a. Detoxification b. Milieu treatment c. Partial hospital care d. Quarterway house treatment

a. Detoxification

______________ programs are examples of worksite prevention programs. a. EAP b. DARE c. MADD d. SOS

a. EAP

Which of the following has become associated with date rape? a. GHB b. anabolic steroids c. melatonin d. lithium e. Ginkgo biloba

a. GHB

What hormone is available as an OTC compound to treat insomnia? a. Melatonin b. Ginkgo biloba c. GHB d. DHEA

a. Melatonin

___________ is a non-medical treatment for alcohol use disorders in which verbal psychotherapy is used to encourage the individual to move forward in the stages of changing alcohol-use patterns. a. Motivational enhancement b. Conjoint treatment c. Classical-conditioning d. Milieu therapy

a. Motivational enhancement

_________ has been found to reduce anxiety and depression in advanced cancer patients. a. Psilocybin b. PCP c. Salvia d. MDMA

a. Psilocybin

The primary psychoactive agent in marijuana is ____________. a. THC b. AMP c. cannabidiol d. cannabinol

a. THC

Combinations of heroin and what other drugs would results in synergy? a. alcohol b. caffeine c. anabolic steroids d. all of these

a. alcohol

A drug that reduces anxiety is called a(n) __________ drug. a. anxiolytic b. sedative-hypnotic c. stimulant d. anorectic

a. anxiolytic

The most commonly reported physiological effect of marijuana ______________. a. blood-shot eyes b. dry mouth c. a decrease in REM sleep d. "the munchies"

a. blood-shot eyes

Which of the following contains the highest concentration? a. brewed coffee b. brewed tea c. Coca-Cola d. Red Bull

a. brewed coffee

Where are alcohol prevention efforts most likely to be effective? a. elementary school b. junior high school c. high school d. college

a. elementary school

Opiate drugs act by mimicking which neurotransmitter system? a. endorphin b. serotonin c. dopamine d. acetylcholine

a. endorphin

The most commonly reported symptom of withdrawal from caffeine is __________. a. headaches b. depression c. decreased alertness d. irritability

a. headaches

Which of the following are anesthetic hallucinogens? a. ketamine b. LSD c. scopolamine d. all of these

a. ketamine

Over 90% of the alcohol that is absorbed is metabolized by the body, mainly in the ___________. a. liver b. pancreas c. kidneys d. small intestine

a. liver

Marijuana cigarettes contain ______________. a. more tar than tobacco cigarettes b. less tar than tobacco cigarettes c. the same amount of tar as tobacco cigarettes d. no tar

a. more tar than tobacco cigarettes

A heroin overdose can be treated with: a. naloxone (Narcane) b. morphine c. LSD d. L-dopa

a. naloxone (Narcane)

______________ is an opiate antagonist that may help in recovery from alcohol dependence. a. naltrexone b. sertraline c. acamprosate d. buspirone

a. naltrexone

Tardive dyskinesia is most characterized by _____________. a. repetitive involuntary movements of the mouth and tongue b. impaired sexual functioning c. tremor d. blank rigidity

a. repetitive involuntary movements of the mouth and tongue

A drug that induces sleep is called a(n) ____________ drug. a. sedative b. hallucinogen c. stimulant d. anorectic

a. sedative

LSD is thought to act in the brain by influencing ____________. a. serotonin b. dopamine c. endorphins d. norepinephrine

a. serotonin

Which of the following is not true of mass media prevention strategies? a. they produce significant changes in attitudes b. they raise knowledge levels c. most campaigns regarding alcohol abuse in recent years have d. focused on decreasing the incidence of driving under the influence

a. they produce significant changes in attitudes

Which of the following is not true of mass media prevention strategies? a. they produce significant changes in attitudes b. they raise knowledge levels c. most involve short slogan-type messages d. most campaigns regarding alcohol abuse in recent years have focused on decreasing the incidence of driving under the influence

a. they produce significant changes in attitudes

A standard drink is defines as _______________ of alcohol. a. 1/4 ounce b. 1/2 ounce c. 1 ounce d. 2 ounces

b. 1/2 ounce

What percentage of college students report having experienced alcohol-related academic problems? a. 10% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75%

b. 25%

When are students most likely to respond to smoking education programs? a. 2nd grade b. 6th grade c. 9th grade d. 12th grade

b. 6th grade

____________ is a partial opiate agonist that is becoming popular as an alternative to methadone in the treatment of opiate addiction. a. Naloxone b. Buprenorphine c. Vicodin d. Sublimaze

b. Buprenorphine

_____________ is the earliest, most benign effect of alcohol's effects on the liver. a. Alcohol hepatitis b. Fatty liver c. Cirrhosis d. Korsakoff's syndrome

b. Fatty liver

A needle exchange program would be an example of the ____________ approach to substance abuse. a. Moderation Management b. Harm Reduction c. Moral model d. Disease model

b. Harm Reduction

What is typically the first step in the substance abuse treatment process? a. selecting the appropriate treatment environment b. assessment c. setting treatment goals d. selecting a counselor

b. assessment

Mixing alcohol and _____________ is a common method of intended and unintended suicides. a. marijuana b. barbiturates c. antibiotics d. benzodiazepines

b. barbiturates

Persisting LSD flashbacks can be treated by _____________. a. mescaline b. benzodiazepines c. dopamine d. any cholinergic hallucinogen

b. benzodiazepines

With blackouts, the individual ____________. a. can only partially recall events that occurred during a drinking occasion b. cannot recall events that occurred during a drinking occasion c. loses consciousness d. suffers amnesia for long-past events

b. connot recall events that occurred during a drinking occasion

The recovery of many Vietnam veterans from heroin addiction reveals that ____________. a. treatment programs have a high failure rate b. environment has much to do with recovery c. heroin is not really an addictive drug d. heroin withdrawal symptoms are the only cause of relapse

b. environment has much to do with recovery

Halfway houses are an example of a(n) ____________. a. hospital setting b. intermediate setting c. outpatient setting d. self-help group

b. intermediate setting

A drug that does not require a prescription to purchase is called a(n) ____________. a. legend drug b. over-the-counter drug c. generic drug d. brand drug

b. over-the-counter drug

Which of the following drugs comes from a mushroom? a. mescaline b. psilocybin c. ibogaine d. harmaline

b. psilocybin

The most common method of drug classification in psychiatry is by _____________. a. chemical structure b. therapeutic usage c. clinical actions d. sites of action

b. therapeutic usage

One unusual feature of the withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines is that __________________. a. they include heavy sleeping b. they may not appear for several days after quitting c. they can be suppressed by cocaine d. none of these; there are no withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines

b. they may not appear for several days after quitting

The legal level of intoxication in all 50 U.S. states is a BAC of _____________. a. .02 b. .05 c. .08 d. .10

c. .08

Peak levels of caffeine after taking a dose occur in ___________. a. 1-2 minutes b. 5-10 minutes c. 15-45 minutes d. 1-2 hours

c. 15-45 minutes

The most widely used resistance-oriented prevention program is ____________. a. MADD b. SADD c. DARE d. SOS

c. DARE

Over-the-counter drugs are regulated by the _____________. a. DEA b. CIA c. FDA d. LSD

c. FDA

What is the main difference between morphine and heroin? a. Morphine is more potent than heroin b. Heroin takes much longer to metabolize c. Heroin more readily penetrates the blood-brain barrier d. Morphine is more lipid soluble

c. Heroin readily penetrates the blood-brain barrier

Which of the following is a synthetic hallucinogen? a. psilocybin b. peyote c. LSD d. all of these

c. LSD

Which popular soft drink contains the highest concentration of caffeine? a. Pepsi-Cola b. Coca-Cola c. Mountain Dew d. Dr. Pepper

c. Mountain Dew

Citizens of _____________ are the world's top coffee consumers. a. the U.S. b. Great Britain c. Scandinavian countries d. Brazil

c. Scandinavian countries

The major ingredient in most over-the-counter sleeping pills is __________. a. aspirin b. acetaminophen c. antihistamines d. PPA

c. antihistamines

Why is methadone used in the treatment of heroin abuse? a. because it blocks the receptors that heroin binds to b. because it lasts longer than heroin c. because it blocks the addict's craving for heroin d. because it breaks down heroin before it can bind

c. because it blocks the addict's craving for heroin

A ___________ is a cigar that is emptied of tobacco and refilled with marijuana. a. hookah b. bong c. blunt d. reefer

c. blunt

Caffeine is excreted from the body mainly ___________. a. in the feces b. in saliva c. by the kidneys d. in pure form

c. by the kidneys

Which of the following is not an advantage of workplace prevention programs? a. they serve adults who are still functioning well b. employees are a captive audience c. confidentiality d. improves employee morale

c. confidentiality

Which of the following would not lead to a slower absorption of alcohol. a. eating while drinking b. drinking milk c. drinking carbonated rather than noncarbonated alcoholic beverages d. drinking milk or drinking carbonated rather than noncarbonated alcoholic beverages

c. drinking carbonated rather than noncarbonated alcoholic beverages

A sudden reoccurrence of a hallucinogenic experience is a(n) _______________. a. "bad trip" or "bummer" b. overdose c. flashback d. none of these

c. flashback

Use of inhalants is often called: a. mainlining b. popping c. huffing d. rolling

c. huffing

Withdrawal from caffeine lasts about __________. a. one day b. two to three days c. one week d. two to three weeks

c. one week

Young children turn primarily to their ____________ when looking for models of appropriate behavior. a. peers b. teachers c. parents d. siblings

c. parents

According to the stages of change model, individuals in the _______________ stage often have not acknowledged a problem. a. contemplation b. preparation c. precontemplation d. maintenance

c. precontemplation

Distortions of reality, profoundly blunted mood, and hallucinations are all symptoms of _____________. a. depression b. bipolar disorder c. schizophrenia d. none of these

c. schizophrenia

The major medical use for opiate drugs is treatment of _____________. a. anxiety b. depression c. severe pain d. schizophrenia

c. severe pain

The mot rapid and efficient absorption of marijuana occurs through ____________. The drug effects following ____________ last approximately 2-4 hours. a. smoking; oral ingestion b. oral ingestion; smoking c. smoking; smoking d. oral ingestion; oral ingestion

c. smoking; smoking

Which statement is true for all hallucinogens? a. they produce no noticeable physiological effects b. they produce sympathetic nervous system arousal c. they after perception and states of consciousness d. they are likely to cause dependence

c. they alter perception and states of consciousness

The most effective cure(s) for a hangover is/are ______________. a. megadoses of vitamins b. tranquilizers c. time d. exercise e. all ofthese

c. time

Estimates are that around _____________% of college student drinkers can be considered heavy drinkers. a. 5 b. 10 c. 25 d. 40

d. 40

___________ is an ingredient in cough suppressants that can produce hallucinogenic effects in high doses. a. Pseudoephedrine b. Dextromethorphan c. Guaifenesin d. Loratadine

d. Dextromethorphan

Endorphin release is produced by __________. a. pain b. acupuncture c. running d. all of these

d. all of these

Which neurotransmitter receptors does alcohol affect? a. GABA-benzodiazepine b. serotonin c. dopamine d. all of these

d. all of these

Which of the following are symptoms of opioid withdrawal? a. sneezing b. runny nose c. diarrhea d. all of these

d. all of these

Which of the following is a benzodiazepine tranquilizer? a. Librium (chlordiazepoxide) b. Valium (diazepam) c. Xanax (alprazolam) d. all of these

d. all of these

Which of the following is likely to be found in over-the-counter cold remedies? a. pseudoephedrine b. aspirin c. guaifenesin d. all of these

d. all of these

Which of the following is true of GHB? a. at one time, it was legally available b. it was first used as an anesthetic c. it is linked with numerous overdose deaths d. all of these e. none of these

d. all of these

Which of the following is true of depressant drugs? a. they show cross-tolerance b. they show cross-dependence c. they potentiate one another d. all of these

d. all of these

Individuals who suffer from ___________ should be careful when using caffeine. a. schizophrenia b. alcohol dependence c. depression d. anxiety

d. anxiety

Which of the following is a major risk associated with the intravenous use of heroin? a. infection with AIDS, hepatitis or other needle-borne disease from using infected needles b. overdose c. bone marrow damage from bubbles in syringe d. both infection and overdose

d. both infection and overdose

In the United States, caffeine is most often consumed in the form of _____________. a. chocolate b. tea c. colas d. coffee

d. coffee

Cannabis has been viewed as a medical treatment for ___________. a. detached retina b. astigmatism c. cataracts d. glaucoma

d. glaucoma

Which of the following is true of MDMA (Ecstasy)? a. it has been associated with brain damage in nonhumans b. heatstroke and heart attacks have occurred with overdose c. a single use generally produces psychotic symptoms d. it has been associated with brain damage in nonhumans and heatstroke and heart attacks have occurred with overdose

d. it has been associated with brain damage in nonhumans and heatstroke and heart attacks have occurred with overdose

Which of the following has not been identified as a possible explanation for marijuana's effect on short-term memory? a. drug action interferes with the neurochemical processes operative in memory b. marijuana use destroys neural connections in the hippocampus c. the user is not motivated to attend to or retrieve material d. marijuana causes a decreased ability to concentrate

d. marijuana causes a decreased ability to concentrate

In Alcoholics anonymous (AA), the beginning of recovery occurs when the alcoholic ___________. a. tells his/her story b. recognizes God's love c. strops drinking d. recognizes his/her powerlessness over alcohol

d. recognizes his/her powerlessness over alcohol

Almost all marijuana smokers eventually enter a stage of ____________. a. heightened vigilance b. paranoia c. increased psychomotor activity d. relaxation

d. relaxation

A common name for flunitrazepam is ______________. a. crack b. horse c. lady d. roofies

d. roofies

After consumption, the concentration of caffeine is __________. a. highest in the liver b. highest in the kidneys c. highest in the brain d. similar throughout the body

d. similar throughout the body

More people resolve their substance abuse problems through _____________ than any other way. a. pharmacological treatment b. self help groups c. cognitive-behavioral therapy d. spontaneous remission

d. spontaneous remission

Marijuana affects which of the following neurotransmitters? a. L-glutamate b. acetylcholine c. dopamine d. GABA e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Korsakoff's Syndrome __________________. a. produces serious impairments in short-term memory b. involves damage to the brain structure c. is most directly due to alcohol abuse d. often includes considerable confusion and confabulation e. all of these

e. all of these

Which of the following drugs has been claimed by some to be effective adjuncts to psychotherapy? a. LSD b. MDMA (ecstasy) c. PCP d. Scopolamine e. both LSD and MDMA

e. both LSD and MDMA

Before meeting FDA approval, over-the-counter drugs must be _____________. a. generally recognized as safe b. generally recognized as effective c. generally recognized as the best drug available for the problem d. all of these e. generally recognized as safe and effective

e. generally recognized as safe and effective

Research has clearly shown that marijuana use results in irreversible, long-term damage to the _______________. a. reproductive system b. cardiovascular system c. immune system only d. reproductive system and immune system e. none of these

e. none of these

Depression is believed to result from deficiencies of ______________. a. serotonin b. dopamine c. catecholamines d. all of these e. serotonin and catecholamines only

e. serotonin and catecholamines only