Adult Health II Knowledge Check Questions- Exam #1

Which is the most common presenting symptom of colon cancer? a.) Fatigue. b.) Change in bowel habits. c.) Anorexia. d.) Weight loss.

Answer: b.) change in bowel habits.

A decrease in circulating white blood cells (WBCs) is referred to as: a.) Granulocytopenia. b.) Thrombocytopenia. c.) Leukocytopenia. d.) Neutropenia.

Answer: c.) Leukocytopenia.

Which type of pneumonia has the highest incidence in clients with AIDs and clients receiving immunosuppressive therapy for cancer? a.) Streptococcal. b.) Fungal. c.) Pneumocystis. d.) Tuberculosis.

Answer: c.) Pneumocystitis.

A client is admitted to the hospital with a prerenal disorder, a nonurologic condition that disrupts renal blood flow to the nephrons, affecting their filtering ability. One cause of prerenal acute kidney injury is: a.) anaphylaxis. b.) myoglobinuria secondary to burns. c.) polycystic disease. d.) ureteral stricture.

Answer: a.) anaphylaxis.

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test? a.) Monitor the client for signs of electrolyte and water imbalance. b.) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material. c.) Assess the client's mental changes. d.) Evaluate the client for edema.

Answer: b.) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.

Which is an effect of aging on upper and lower urinary tract function? a.) Increased glomerular filtration rate. b.) More prone to develop hypernatremia. c.) Increased blood flow to the kidneys. d.) Acid-base balance.

Answer: b.) More prone to develop hypernatremia.

The nurse cares for a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). The client is experiencing an increase in the serum concentration of urea and creatinine. The nurse determines the client is experiencing which phase of AKI? a.) Initiation. b.) Oliguria. c.) Diuresis. d.) Recovery.

Answer: b.) Oliguria.

Which group of clients is at high risk of developing breast cancer? a.) Women who do not consume alcohol. b.) Women who are obese. c.) Women who have sex with multiple partners. d.) Women who consume, a low-fat, low-calorie diet.

Answer: b.) Women who are obese.

Which type of lung cancer is the most prevalent among both men and women? a.) Large cell carcinoma. b.) Squamous cell carcinoma. c.) Adenocarcinoma. d.) Small-cell carcinoma.

Answer: c.) Adenocarcinoma.

At a public health fair, a nurse teaches a group of women about breast cancer awareness. Possible signs of breast cancer include: a.) Fever. b.) Breast changes during menstruation. c.) Nipple discharge and a breast nodule. d.) Fever and erythema of the breast.

Answer: c.) Nipple discharge and a breast nodule.

A group of students is reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal systems. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract? a.) Bladder. b.) Urethra. c.) Ureters. d.) Pelvic floor muscles.

Answer: c.) Ureters.

Which is a characteristic of a breast cancer mass? a.) Occurs as disseminated masses. b.) Symmetrical mass. c.) Tender upon palpitation. d.) Firm, hard, embedded in surrounding tissue.

Answer: d.) Firm, hard, embedded in surrounding tissue.

A nurse is interviewing a client about past medical history. Which preexisting condition may lead the nurse to suspect that a client has colorectal cancer? a.) Duodenal ulcers. b.) Hemorrhoids. c.) Weight gain. d.) Polyps.

Answer: d.) Polyps.

The nurse is aware when caring for patients with renal disease, that which substance made in the glomeruli directly controls blood pressure? a.) Cortisol. b.) Vasopressin. c.) Albumin. d.) Renin.

Answer: d.) Renin.

During the diuresis period of acute kidney injury (AKI), the nurse should observe the client closely for what complication? a.) Dehydration. b.) Hypokalemia. c.) Oliguria. d.) Renal calculi.

Answer: a.) Dehydration.

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had surgery as treatment for breast cancer. The nurse would be alert for the development of which of the following? a.) Lymphedema. b.) Fibrocystic breast cancer. c.) Fibroadenoma. d.) Breast abscess.

Answer: a.) Lymphedema.

The nurse recognizes which condition as an integumentary manifestation of chronically renal failure? a.) Asterixis. b.) Gray-bronze skin color. c.) Tremors. d.) Seizures.

Answer: b.) Gray-bronze skin color

What is a characteristic of the intrarenal category of acute kidney injury (AKI)? a.) Decreased creatinine. b.) Increased BUN. c.) High specific gravity. d.) Decreased urine sodium.

Answer: b.) Increased BUN.

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium? a.) Antidiuretic hormone. b.) Aldosterone. c.) Growth hormone. d.) Prostaglandin.

Answer: b.) Aldosterone.