Advanced Computer Science Chapter 11
Surveys show that as many as ________ of businesses never change the standard administrator password for a DBMS.
25%
The _______ operator specifies that both of the search criteria must be true for the record to be selected.
AND
It is possible to enter data as a(n) _______ text file and then use a programming language to write routines to access that data.
ASCII
Criminals have become sophisticated in the use of all of the following EXCEPT __________ to access data stored on personal computers.
ATMs
A(n) _____ limits access to systems, such as computer databases.
Access control
A(n) ___________ limits access to systems such as computer databases.
Access control
________ can block unauthorized users and limit activities of authorized users.
Access controls
A database audit can ________.
All of the above
A(n) _______ can be used to delineate the data entry area in a user interface.
All of the above
Databases are vulnerable to ________.
All of the above
SQL uses search operators such as _________ to form complex queries.
All of the above
To provide a quality database interface, a designer might ________.
Arrange fields in a logical order
The _______ data type would be the right choice for a field designed to hold an MP3 file.
BLOB
A customer would like a list of all of the CDs from their favorite group that are priced at $10.00 or less at WebMusic. Which of the following categories of operators would be used in order to perform the proper type of query for the customer?
Boolean operators
A fixed-length field contains a predetermined number of ________.
Bytes
_________ is the SQL command used to introduce a brand-new database or table.
CREATE
_______ refers to the number of associations that can exist between two record types.
Cardinality
In the context of object-oriented databases, a(n) __________ defines a group of objects by specifying the attributes and methods these objects share.
Class
Database ________ provides users with an easy-to-use interface for entering search specifications, new records, data updates, and so on.
Client software
Type of field that does not require disk storage space
Computed
The term ___________ refers to software that is designed to manage data stored in a database.
DBMS
_________ is the SQL command used to remove a record from a table.
DELETE
Specifies the way data is represented on the disk and in RAM
Data type
A __________ establishes which fields and records a particular user may access.
Data view
Establishes which fields and records a particular user is allowed to access
Data view
In the broadest definition, a(n) ___________ is a collection of information.
Database
A(n) ________ is a procedure that monitors and records user activity within a database.
Database audit
Procedure that monitors and records user activity within a database
Database audit
The _________ data type is used to store dates in a format that allows them to be manipulated.
Date
One of Margaret's first tasks is to create the company's electronic customer address book. Which software tool would be easy, require minimal setup, and likely have needed fields predefined?
Dedicated software
Which of the follow has the least versatility?
Dedicated software
A(n) _________ database is one which is stored on several computers, on multiple networks, or in different geographical locations.
Distributed
The ________ Web publishing process generates customized Web pages as needed.
Dynamic
__________ Web publishing is a process that generates customized Web pages as needed, or "on the fly".
Dynamic
Diagram of the relationship between record types
ERD
Relationships between record types can be graphically depicted using a(n) ________.
ERD
In an object database, an attribute is ________.
Equivalent to a field in a relational database
Describe how user privileges and using a data view help to secure a database.
Essay
Describe the seven principles that contribute to good user interface design.
Essay
Explain five things you can do to minimize your personal data's vulnerability to database security breaches.
Essay
A(n) _______ copies data out of a software package, such as spreadsheet software, and into a database.
Export routine
In an SQL query, a _______ clause is used to specify the table you want to access.
FROM
A record contains the smallest unit of meaningful information.
False
An encrypted database is more efficient than an unencrypted database.
False
Modern database software is designed to support data dependence.
False
Sorted tables typically produce slower queries and updates than unsorted tables.
False
The United States has some of the strongest privacy regulations in the developed world.
False
The average American is in less than 10 commercial databases.
False
The hyperlink data type is used to store data that can have one of two values.
False
User privileges delineate what activities a user can perform within a database.
False
The term XML refers to software that is designed to manage data stored in a database.
False; DBMS
Poorly designed custom database software can result in data INDEPENDENCE.
False; dependence
In a flat file, each row in the table is a(n) FIELD.
False; record
The INDEX key for a table specifies the order in which records are stored and where new records are inserted in a table.
False; sort
DYNAMIC Web publishing allows you to take a snapshot of the data in a database by generating a report, which is converted into an HTML document.
False; static
Each column of a relational database table is equivalent to a(n) ________.
Field
The smallest unit of meaningful information in a database
Field
To prevent inconsistent formatting, Kate needs to ask the database designer to make the database automatically reject any entry that was typed in the wrong format. What should Kate request be applied to the telephone number field to solve this problem?
Field format
Kate would also like to request that the database developer ensure that the data entry operators cannot enter a dollar amount of less than $0.00 in any currency fields. What should she ask be applied to those fields?
Field validation rule
A single, two-dimensional table of data elements
Flat file
A field _______ is a template that adds the correct formatting as data is entered.
Format
A field _________ helps maintain consistent data by providing a structure for entering data into a field.
Format
A _________ update changes data in more than one record at a time.
Global
The _________ data type stores URLs used to link directly from a database to a Web page.
Hyperlink
Data _________ means that data are separate from the programs used to manipulate the data.
Independence
If a single data management tool can be used to maintain many different files and databases, it must support data _______.
Independence
A database _________ contains a list of keys, and each key provides a pointer to the record that contains the rest of the fields related to that key.
Index
A whole number
Integer
The intern needs to complete the following query so that it draws data from two different tables. Which command should she use to complete the query?
JOIN
A CGI script can be written in all of the following EXCEPT _________.
JavaScript
All of the following are tools to help you create server-side programs EXCEPT ________.
JavaScript
In SQL terminology, creating a relationship between tables is referred to as ________ tables.
Joining
The SQL query language provides a collection of special command words called SQL _______, such as SELECT, FROM, INSERT, and WHERE.
Keywords
The ________ data type is used to store true/false or yes/no data using minimal storage space.
Logical
A ______ validates an entry by searching for the same data in a file or database table.
Lookup routine
To make sure that a field contains all unique values, Kate wants to set up the database so that it will search every existing record for duplicates. What will accomplish this goal for Kate?
Lookup routine
A _________ data type usually provides a variable-length field into which users can enter comments.
Memo
Data ________ refers to computer algorithms that analyze information to discover previously unknown and potentially useful information.
Mining
The following SQL operator can be used to omit records from a search by specifying a not-equal relationship: __________.
NOT
The ________ database model uses a mesh-like structure, which allows for the definition of many-to-many relationships.
Network
Process used by database designers to create a database structure that can save storage space and increase processing efficiency
Normalization
The inclusive and exclusive ________ SQL operators designate records that meet either one of a set of two criteria or both.
OR
A(n) _________ is software optimized for the object database model.
Object database management system (ODBMS)
A record that contains data is referred to as a record ________.
Occurrence
In the WebMusic database, all previous and current CD orders will be included for each customer. Basic customer information, such as name, address, phone, and e-mail, will also be included for each customer. The relationship between the customer and his/her CD orders will likely be which of the following?
One-to-many
_______ are detailed specifications for an SQL command.
Parameters
________ refers to a branch of data mining that analyzes current and historical data to predict future trends.
Predictive analytics
The following is NOT a guideline for creating a template for reports: _______
Present as much information as possible
A(n) ________ key is a field that contains data unique to a record.
Primary
A(n) __________ allows you to create, update, and administer a relational database.
RDBMS
A collection of data fields
Record
A(n) __________ refers to a collection of data fields about one entity—a person, place, thing, or event.
Record
In the world of databases, a(n) ________ refers to a collection of data fields.
Record
The list of field names that will be used to hold WebMusic's customer information will be defined as a template called a ________.
Record type
The goal of normalization is to minimize data _________.
Redundancy
A(n) __________database stores data in a collection of related tables.
Relational
A(n) ______ is an association between data that is stored in different record types.
Relationship
A _________ contains the outline or general specifications for a report, including such elements as the report title, fields to include, fields to subtotal/total, and report format specifications.
Report template
A lookup __________ validates an entry by searching for the same data in a file or database table.
Routine
One of the most common database operations is to query for a particular record or group of records using the _______ command.
SELECT
________ is a query language.
SQL
Database data that is transmitted over the Web can be encrypted using encryption technologies such as ________.
SSL
Database __________ software is designed to manage billions of records and several hundred transactions per second.
Server
Dynamic Web publishing relies on a program or script, referred to as a(n) __________ program, that acts as an intermediary between your browser and a DBMS.
Server-side
A table's _______ order is the order in which records are stored on disk.
Sort
When no _________ order is specified, new records are appended to the end of the database file.
Sort
A technique called _________ Web publishing is a simple way to display the data in a database by converting a database report into an HTML document, which can be displayed as a Web page by a browser.
Static
The term database _________ refers to the arrangement of the fields, tables, and relationships in a database.
Structure
A(n) ________ file uses a uniform format to store data for each person or thing in the file.
Structured
The _______ data type would be appropriate for a fixed-length field designed to hold a person's name.
Text
Margaret is considering purchasing a custom software package. Which of the following will be true?
The cost of development is generally high, but the result will be versatile.
A relational database stores data in a collection of related tables.
True
A(n) INDEX simply points to the record where the data can be found.
True
An index has no bearing on the physical sequence of records on disk.
True
Database tables should be indexed by any field or fields that are commonly used as search fields.
True
If a name field contains an entire name, it is difficult to individually manipulate the first name, last name and middle initial.
True
In a fixed-length field, when the data entered is shorter than the allocated field length, blank spaces automatically fill the field.
True
In a(n) CASE SENSITIVE database, uppercase letters are not equivalent to their lowercase counterparts.
True
In a(n) RELATIONAL database, relationships are specified by joining common data stored in the fields of records in different tables.
True
In database jargon, a(n) RELATIONSHIP is an association between data that is stored in different record types.
True
Queries within an unsorted database are slow because each record must be looked at sequentially.
True
The logical data type is used for true/false or yes/no data.
True
The simplest model for storing data is the flat file.
True
Thieves who gain access to a(n) ENCRYPTED database cannot makes sense of the data.
True
XML documents are not optimized for many operations you would customarily associate with databases, such as fast sorts, searches, and updates.
True
XML is a markup language that allows field tags, data, and tables to be incorporated into a Web document.
True
From a user perspective, the data _________ determines the way that data can be manipulated.
Type
Janet wants her intern to make some changes to the contents of records in the store's database. Which of the following commands would the intern use?
UPDATE
A field _______ rule is a specification that the database designer sets up to filter the data entered into a particular field.
Validation
Type of rule used to filter the data entered into a particular field
Validation
Much like an accordion, expanding to fit the data being entered
Variable-length field
The data accessed by data mining and other analysis techniques is often stored in a data ______.
Warehouse
_________ is a markup language that allows field tags, data, and tables to be incorporated into a Web document.
XML
A(n) _________ is a database management system that is optimized for handling data that exists in XML format.
XML DBMS
Which of the following is NOT true of XML?
XML documents are optimized for many operations you customarily associate with databases such as fast sorts and updates