Advanced Computer Science Chapter 11

Surveys show that as many as ________ of businesses never change the standard administrator password for a DBMS.

25%

The _______ operator specifies that both of the search criteria must be true for the record to be selected.

AND

It is possible to enter data as a(n) _______ text file and then use a programming language to write routines to access that data.

ASCII

Criminals have become sophisticated in the use of all of the following EXCEPT __________ to access data stored on personal computers.

ATMs

A(n) _____ limits access to systems, such as computer databases.

Access control

A(n) ___________ limits access to systems such as computer databases.

Access control

________ can block unauthorized users and limit activities of authorized users.

Access controls

A database audit can ________.

All of the above

A(n) _______ can be used to delineate the data entry area in a user interface.

All of the above

Databases are vulnerable to ________.

All of the above

SQL uses search operators such as _________ to form complex queries.

All of the above

To provide a quality database interface, a designer might ________.

Arrange fields in a logical order

The _______ data type would be the right choice for a field designed to hold an MP3 file.

BLOB

A customer would like a list of all of the CDs from their favorite group that are priced at $10.00 or less at WebMusic. Which of the following categories of operators would be used in order to perform the proper type of query for the customer?

Boolean operators

A fixed-length field contains a predetermined number of ________.

Bytes

_________ is the SQL command used to introduce a brand-new database or table.

CREATE

_______ refers to the number of associations that can exist between two record types.

Cardinality

In the context of object-oriented databases, a(n) __________ defines a group of objects by specifying the attributes and methods these objects share.

Class

Database ________ provides users with an easy-to-use interface for entering search specifications, new records, data updates, and so on.

Client software

Type of field that does not require disk storage space

Computed

The term ___________ refers to software that is designed to manage data stored in a database.

DBMS

_________ is the SQL command used to remove a record from a table.

DELETE

Specifies the way data is represented on the disk and in RAM

Data type

A __________ establishes which fields and records a particular user may access.

Data view

Establishes which fields and records a particular user is allowed to access

Data view

In the broadest definition, a(n) ___________ is a collection of information.

Database

A(n) ________ is a procedure that monitors and records user activity within a database.

Database audit

Procedure that monitors and records user activity within a database

Database audit

The _________ data type is used to store dates in a format that allows them to be manipulated.

Date

One of Margaret's first tasks is to create the company's electronic customer address book. Which software tool would be easy, require minimal setup, and likely have needed fields predefined?

Dedicated software

Which of the follow has the least versatility?

Dedicated software

A(n) _________ database is one which is stored on several computers, on multiple networks, or in different geographical locations.

Distributed

The ________ Web publishing process generates customized Web pages as needed.

Dynamic

__________ Web publishing is a process that generates customized Web pages as needed, or "on the fly".

Dynamic

Diagram of the relationship between record types

ERD

Relationships between record types can be graphically depicted using a(n) ________.

ERD

In an object database, an attribute is ________.

Equivalent to a field in a relational database

Describe how user privileges and using a data view help to secure a database.

Essay

Describe the seven principles that contribute to good user interface design.

Essay

Explain five things you can do to minimize your personal data's vulnerability to database security breaches.

Essay

A(n) _______ copies data out of a software package, such as spreadsheet software, and into a database.

Export routine

In an SQL query, a _______ clause is used to specify the table you want to access.

FROM

A record contains the smallest unit of meaningful information.

False

An encrypted database is more efficient than an unencrypted database.

False

Modern database software is designed to support data dependence.

False

Sorted tables typically produce slower queries and updates than unsorted tables.

False

The United States has some of the strongest privacy regulations in the developed world.

False

The average American is in less than 10 commercial databases.

False

The hyperlink data type is used to store data that can have one of two values.

False

User privileges delineate what activities a user can perform within a database.

False

The term XML refers to software that is designed to manage data stored in a database.

False; DBMS

Poorly designed custom database software can result in data INDEPENDENCE.

False; dependence

In a flat file, each row in the table is a(n) FIELD.

False; record

The INDEX key for a table specifies the order in which records are stored and where new records are inserted in a table.

False; sort

DYNAMIC Web publishing allows you to take a snapshot of the data in a database by generating a report, which is converted into an HTML document.

False; static

Each column of a relational database table is equivalent to a(n) ________.

Field

The smallest unit of meaningful information in a database

Field

To prevent inconsistent formatting, Kate needs to ask the database designer to make the database automatically reject any entry that was typed in the wrong format. What should Kate request be applied to the telephone number field to solve this problem?

Field format

Kate would also like to request that the database developer ensure that the data entry operators cannot enter a dollar amount of less than $0.00 in any currency fields. What should she ask be applied to those fields?

Field validation rule

A single, two-dimensional table of data elements

Flat file

A field _______ is a template that adds the correct formatting as data is entered.

Format

A field _________ helps maintain consistent data by providing a structure for entering data into a field.

Format

A _________ update changes data in more than one record at a time.

Global

The _________ data type stores URLs used to link directly from a database to a Web page.

Hyperlink

Data _________ means that data are separate from the programs used to manipulate the data.

Independence

If a single data management tool can be used to maintain many different files and databases, it must support data _______.

Independence

A database _________ contains a list of keys, and each key provides a pointer to the record that contains the rest of the fields related to that key.

Index

A whole number

Integer

The intern needs to complete the following query so that it draws data from two different tables. Which command should she use to complete the query?

JOIN

A CGI script can be written in all of the following EXCEPT _________.

JavaScript

All of the following are tools to help you create server-side programs EXCEPT ________.

JavaScript

In SQL terminology, creating a relationship between tables is referred to as ________ tables.

Joining

The SQL query language provides a collection of special command words called SQL _______, such as SELECT, FROM, INSERT, and WHERE.

Keywords

The ________ data type is used to store true/false or yes/no data using minimal storage space.

Logical

A ______ validates an entry by searching for the same data in a file or database table.

Lookup routine

To make sure that a field contains all unique values, Kate wants to set up the database so that it will search every existing record for duplicates. What will accomplish this goal for Kate?

Lookup routine

A _________ data type usually provides a variable-length field into which users can enter comments.

Memo

Data ________ refers to computer algorithms that analyze information to discover previously unknown and potentially useful information.

Mining

The following SQL operator can be used to omit records from a search by specifying a not-equal relationship: __________.

NOT

The ________ database model uses a mesh-like structure, which allows for the definition of many-to-many relationships.

Network

Process used by database designers to create a database structure that can save storage space and increase processing efficiency

Normalization

The inclusive and exclusive ________ SQL operators designate records that meet either one of a set of two criteria or both.

OR

A(n) _________ is software optimized for the object database model.

Object database management system (ODBMS)

A record that contains data is referred to as a record ________.

Occurrence

In the WebMusic database, all previous and current CD orders will be included for each customer. Basic customer information, such as name, address, phone, and e-mail, will also be included for each customer. The relationship between the customer and his/her CD orders will likely be which of the following?

One-to-many

_______ are detailed specifications for an SQL command.

Parameters

________ refers to a branch of data mining that analyzes current and historical data to predict future trends.

Predictive analytics

The following is NOT a guideline for creating a template for reports: _______

Present as much information as possible

A(n) ________ key is a field that contains data unique to a record.

Primary

A(n) __________ allows you to create, update, and administer a relational database.

RDBMS

A collection of data fields

Record

A(n) __________ refers to a collection of data fields about one entity—a person, place, thing, or event.

Record

In the world of databases, a(n) ________ refers to a collection of data fields.

Record

The list of field names that will be used to hold WebMusic's customer information will be defined as a template called a ________.

Record type

The goal of normalization is to minimize data _________.

Redundancy

A(n) __________database stores data in a collection of related tables.

Relational

A(n) ______ is an association between data that is stored in different record types.

Relationship

A _________ contains the outline or general specifications for a report, including such elements as the report title, fields to include, fields to subtotal/total, and report format specifications.

Report template

A lookup __________ validates an entry by searching for the same data in a file or database table.

Routine

One of the most common database operations is to query for a particular record or group of records using the _______ command.

SELECT

________ is a query language.

SQL

Database data that is transmitted over the Web can be encrypted using encryption technologies such as ________.

SSL

Database __________ software is designed to manage billions of records and several hundred transactions per second.

Server

Dynamic Web publishing relies on a program or script, referred to as a(n) __________ program, that acts as an intermediary between your browser and a DBMS.

Server-side

A table's _______ order is the order in which records are stored on disk.

Sort

When no _________ order is specified, new records are appended to the end of the database file.

Sort

A technique called _________ Web publishing is a simple way to display the data in a database by converting a database report into an HTML document, which can be displayed as a Web page by a browser.

Static

The term database _________ refers to the arrangement of the fields, tables, and relationships in a database.

Structure

A(n) ________ file uses a uniform format to store data for each person or thing in the file.

Structured

The _______ data type would be appropriate for a fixed-length field designed to hold a person's name.

Text

Margaret is considering purchasing a custom software package. Which of the following will be true?

The cost of development is generally high, but the result will be versatile.

A relational database stores data in a collection of related tables.

True

A(n) INDEX simply points to the record where the data can be found.

True

An index has no bearing on the physical sequence of records on disk.

True

Database tables should be indexed by any field or fields that are commonly used as search fields.

True

If a name field contains an entire name, it is difficult to individually manipulate the first name, last name and middle initial.

True

In a fixed-length field, when the data entered is shorter than the allocated field length, blank spaces automatically fill the field.

True

In a(n) CASE SENSITIVE database, uppercase letters are not equivalent to their lowercase counterparts.

True

In a(n) RELATIONAL database, relationships are specified by joining common data stored in the fields of records in different tables.

True

In database jargon, a(n) RELATIONSHIP is an association between data that is stored in different record types.

True

Queries within an unsorted database are slow because each record must be looked at sequentially.

True

The logical data type is used for true/false or yes/no data.

True

The simplest model for storing data is the flat file.

True

Thieves who gain access to a(n) ENCRYPTED database cannot makes sense of the data.

True

XML documents are not optimized for many operations you would customarily associate with databases, such as fast sorts, searches, and updates.

True

XML is a markup language that allows field tags, data, and tables to be incorporated into a Web document.

True

From a user perspective, the data _________ determines the way that data can be manipulated.

Type

Janet wants her intern to make some changes to the contents of records in the store's database. Which of the following commands would the intern use?

UPDATE

A field _______ rule is a specification that the database designer sets up to filter the data entered into a particular field.

Validation

Type of rule used to filter the data entered into a particular field

Validation

Much like an accordion, expanding to fit the data being entered

Variable-length field

The data accessed by data mining and other analysis techniques is often stored in a data ______.

Warehouse

_________ is a markup language that allows field tags, data, and tables to be incorporated into a Web document.

XML

A(n) _________ is a database management system that is optimized for handling data that exists in XML format.

XML DBMS

Which of the following is NOT true of XML?

XML documents are optimized for many operations you customarily associate with databases such as fast sorts and updates