AEMT CLASS QUIZZES

Stimulation of beta 1 receptors causes a positive inotropic effect, resulting in:

increased cardiac contractlity.

A patient is given a medication that possesses a positive chronotropic effect. This means that it:

increases heart rate

A patient is given a medication that possesses a positive chronotropic effect. This means that it:

increases the heart rate.

When administering a medication via the intramuscular route, you should:

stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90 degree angle.

When administering a medication via the intramuscular route, you should:

stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle.

Basic life support (BLS) is defined as:

noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest

An external defibrillator vest:

uses high-energy shocks similar to an AED.

The process of moving air in and out of the lungs is called:

ventilation.

The finer and somewhat fainter breath sounds noted in the lateral wall of the chest are known as:

vesicular sounds.

Cardiac asthma is condition in which a patient

with congestive heart failure experiences wheezing due to constricted bronchi

Index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

Following severe head trauma, a patient presents with an irregular rate, pattern, and depth of breathing with brief periods of apnea. This breathing pattern is characteristic of:

Biot's respirations

Atropine increases the heart rate by:

Blocking the vagus nerve and preventing innervation by ACh

What occurs during anaerobic metabolism?

Blood stagnates in the capillaries and lactic acid is produced

What occurs during anaerobic metabolism?

Blood stagnates in the capillaries and lactic acid is produced.

Which type of immunity occurs when B cell lymphocytes produce antibodies, which recognize a specific antigen and then react with it?

Humoral immunity

Appropriate management for a conscious adult patient with acute abdominal pain, a BP of 80/50 mm Hg, and a pulse rate of 120 beats/min includes:

IV fluid boluses as needed to maintain a systolic BP of 90.

Which of the following are abundant in the liver and kidney cells, and include functions such as the synthesis of bile acids, detoxification of hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, and breakdown of lipids and biochemicals?

Peroxisomes

Nitroglycerin in contraindicated in patients who:

Possibly have a head injury

Which electrolyte plays a major role in neuromuscular function as well as the conversion of glucose into glycogen?

Potassium

The enhancement or action of one drug by another drug is called:

Potentiation

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is indicated for patients with:

Pulmonary edema

Subcutaneous injections deliver the medication:

between the skin and the muscle.

The liver secretes _______, which is an enzyme that the body uses to ________.

bile, dissolve fats into solution

An ischemic stroke is MOST often the result of a(n):

blocked cerebral artery

Atropine increases the heart rate by:

blocking the vagus nerve and preventing innervation by ACh.

Like all blood cells, B lymphocytes are produced by the:

bone marrow.

Loud high pitched sounds auscultated over the manubrium are called:

bronchial sounds.

What needle size is used for subcutaneous injections?

24 gauge to 26 gauge needle

When assessing a patient for peripheral edema, you should check the sacral area if the patient is:

bedridden

A 68 year old female with unstable bradycardia requires 0.5 mg of atropine. Your paramedic partner opens a prefilled string of atropine containing 1 mg/10 mL. How many milliliters should be administer to the patient?

5 mL

A 68 year old female with unstable bradycardia requires 0.5 mg of atropine. Your paramedic partner opens a prefilled syringe of atropine containing 1 mg/10 mL. How many milliliters should be administered to the patient?

5 mL

In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service?

61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes

Which of the following scenarios is MOST descriptive of an absence seizure?

A 6-year-old male who is conscious, but will not respond to his mother; symptoms subside spontaneously within a few minutes

The liver performs synthetic reactions that yield inactive products called:

metabolites.

Latrogenic immunodeficiency is MOST commonly caused by:

medications.

What is the minimum number of chest compressions that should be delivered per minute to a 4 month old infant?

100

When treating a patient who is in cardiogenic shock, you should administer ________ mL crystalloid fluid blouses to achieve a systolic blood pressure of at least ________ mm Hg

250; 90

To minimize the amount of brain cell damage that occurs following an ischemic stroke, fibrinolytic therapy must be administered within:

3 hours after the onset of symptoms

Which of the following general statements about blood pressure measurement is correct?

A normal size cuff should take up two thirds the length from the armpit to the crease at the elbow.

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Aortic rupture C. Acute myocardial infarction D. Severe allergic reaction

A. Pulmonary embolism

Ileus is the result of:

Absent peristalsis in the intestine

The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies:

Addresses the patient's symptoms more than the acutal disease process

Your primary survey of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to:

Administer oxygen with the appropriate device

The term "bolus" is defined as:

Administering a drug in one mass volume

A 40 year old male is unconscious, has inadequate breathing, and is producing copious, continuous secretions from his mouth. This situation is MOST effectively managed by:

Alternating oral suctioning and BVM ventilation

If ventilation becomes difficult due to gastric distention, the patient will require:

An orogastric or nasogastric tube

A 27 year old male complains of an acute onset of abdominal pain. He is found curled in a fetal position with his right knee drawn up into his abdomen. This position is MOST commonly seen in patients with acute:

Appendicitis

A 71 year old man presents with shortness of breath, facial cyanosis, and cough that is producing blood. His BP is 144/92 mm Hg, PR is 130 beats/min and irregular, and respirations are 28 breaths/min and labored. He is confused an is slow to follow your commands. You should:

Assist his ventilation with a BVM, begin transport, and consider establishing IV access en route to the hospital

Which of the following blood gas values is MOST indicative of a patient who overdosed on a large quantity of aspirin? A. pH, 7.50; PCO2, 60 B. pH, 7.22; PCO2, 10 C. pH, 6.94; PCO2, 71 D. pH, 7.49; PCO2, 12

B. pH, 7.22; PCO2, 10

All of the following elements are essential to the AEMT's critical thinking ability, EXCEPT: A. an understanding of how injuries and illnesses affect the human body. B. using extraneous data to formulate an appropriate patient care plan. C. the ability to differentiate between relevant and irrelevant information. D. comparing a patient's complaint to past experiences with similar patients.

B. using extraneous data to formulate an appropriate patient care plan.

Which of the following assessment findings, by itself, is not an indicator of inadequate perfusion? Weak radial pulses Diaphoresis and pallor Altered mental status BP of 116/60 mm Hg

BP of 116/60 mm Hg

Subcutaneous injections deliver the medication

Between the skin and the muscle

A 67 year old male complains of a burning sensation in his abdomen and hematemesis. During your assessment, you note pain to palpating of his left upper quadrant; his vital signs are suggestive of shock. Which of the following conditions should you suspect?

Bleeding peptic ulcer

When assessing the pulse of an unresponsive infant, you should palpate the ________ artery

Brachial

After an advanced airway device has been inserted during cardiac arrest, you should ventilate an infant or child:

By giving one breath every 2 to 3 seconds (20 breaths/min)

A 50 year old female with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea complains of intense thirst and generalized weakness. Her BP is 86/50 mm Hg and her pulse rate is 130 beats/min and thready. Which of the following interventions would not be appropriate for her? A. Supplemental oxygen B. 20 mL/kg boluses of normal saline C. Salt-containing solutions by mouth. D. Thermal management

C. Salt-containing solutions by mouth.

You should deliver chest compressions to an adult patient in cardiac arrest by:

Compressing over the lower half of the sternum

Rapid isotonic crystalloid blouses in a patient with cardiogenic shock would MOST likely result in:

Congestion of blood in the lungs

Which of the following assessment findings, by itself, is not an indicator of inadequate perfusion? A. Weak radial pulses B. Diaphoresis and pallor C. Altered mental status D. BP of 116/60 mm Hg

D. BP of 116/60 mm Hg

Actions taken after administering a medication to a patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. notifying medical control of any changes. B. carefully assessing the patient. C. documenting the time the drug was given. D. inquiring about drug allergies.

D. inquiring about drug allergies.

Ventilating a patient too fast or with to much volume would MOST likely cause:

Decreased blood return to the heart

A patient is given a medication that possesses a negative chronotropic effect. This means that it:

Decreases heart rate

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the DIRECT result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Deformed steering wheel

When ventilating an apneic adult patient with a BVM and 100% O2 you should:

Deliver just enough volume to produce visible chest rise

After an advance airway has been inserted during two-rescuer CPR, you should:

Deliver ventilation at a rate of 10 breaths/min

A 62 year old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with a sudden tearing sensation in her abdomen. She tells you that the pain has been maximum intensity since its onset. Based on her chief complaint, what additional assessment findings would you expect to encounter?

Diminished pulses in her lower extremities

Patients receive the MOST benefit from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP):

During the exhalation phase

A 12 year old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?

Energy transmission to the spine

You receive a call for a 66 year old female who was found unresponsive by her husband. Your primary survey reveals that the patient is responsive to painful stimuli and has rapid, shallow respirations. Her BP is 70/50 mm Hg, and her pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular. The patient's husband tells you that she complained of chest pressure the previous day, but would not allow him to call EMS. This patient is:

Experiencing cardiogenic shock and requires assisted ventilation, IV therapy, and rapid transport

Which of the following is a systemic manifestation of the inflammatory response?

Fever

When treating a patient with CPAP, it is often beneficial to:

Initially allow the patient to hold the mask to his or her face

Actions taken after administering a medication to a patient include all of the following, except: Notifying medical control of any changes Carefully assessing the patient Documenting the time the drug was given Inquiring about drug allergies

Inquiring about drug allergies

The two processes that occur during ventilation are:

Inspiration and expiration

When administering nitroglycerin via the sublingual route, you should:

Instruct the patient not to chew or swallow the medication.

All of the following are commonly prescribed medications for patients with a respiratory disease, except:

Internal

Which of the following medication administration routes would result in uneven, unreliable absorption if given to a patient with decrease peripheral perfusion?

Intramuscular

Which of the following medication administration routes would result in uneven, unreliable absorption if given to a patient with decreased peripheral perfusion?

Intramuscular

You are unable to establish an IV on a critically injured conscious patient. What route should you use for gaining vascular access?

Intraosseous

You are unable to establish an IV on a critically injured conscious patient. What route should you use for gaining vascular access?

Intraosseous (IO)

Which of the following statements regarding interstitial fluid is correct?

It is located in the extracellular space and in between the cells.

The immune response involves which type of white blood cell?

Lymphocyte

The liver performs synthetic reactions that yield inactive products called:

Metabolites

Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in cerebral hypoxia? Acute pulmonary edema Heroin/opioid overdose Methamphetamine overdose Muscular dystrophy

Methamphetamine overdose

It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected _________ problem

Neurologic

Which of the following medications could cause significant hypotension if given within 24 to 36 hours of Viagra, Cialis, or Levitra?

Nitroglycerin

Which type of fluid/electrolyte movement occurs when there are different concentration on each side of a membrane, and equal numbers of molecules on either side are displaced to the other side?

Osmosis

Which type of fluid/electrolyte movement occurs when there are different concentrations on each side of a membrane, and equal numbers of molecules on either side are displaced to the other side?

Osmosis

A 33 year old female complains of acute intense pain in both lower abdominal quadrants. She is conscious and alert, tachycardia, and has a fever of 102.5. You should suspect:

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Which of the following clinical findings is MOST consistent with inadequate breathing? Respirations of 16 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume Increased amount of expired air at the nose and mouth Regular breathing pattern and respirations of 24 breaths/min Symmetrical chest movement warm, dry skin

Respirations of 16 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume

ETCO2 monitoring is clearly indicated for patients who present with:

Respiratory distress

Which of the following are called the protein factories of the cell?

Ribosomes

The presence of distended jugular veins when the patient is sitting up is consistent with:

Right sided heart failure

A 50 year old female with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea complains of intense thirst and generalized weakness. Her BP is 86/50 mm Hg and her pulse rate is 130 beats/min and threads. Which of the following interventions would NOT be appropriate for her? Supplemental O2 20 mL/kg blouses of normal saline Salt-containing solutions by mouth Thermal management

Salt-containing \solutions by mouth

The term "bolus" is defined as:

administering a drug in one mass of volume.

The determination of whether a medical patient is a high priority or low priority transport is typically made:

after the primary assessment has been completed

The concept of standard precautions assumes that:

all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes may pose a substantial risk of infection.

While assessing a semiconscious 22 year old females respirations, you note that they are 16 breaths/min. You should:

assess the regularity and depth of the patient's breathing

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:

cavitation

The largest part of the brain is the:

cerebrum

Shortly following a meal, a 49 year old female complains of acute pain to the right upper quadrant of her abdomen with referred pain to her right shoulder. This is MOST suggestive of acute:

cholecystitis

A major risk factor associated with lung cancer is:

cigarette smoking.

Rapid isotonic crystalloid boluses in a patient with cardiogenic shock would most likely result in:

congestion of blood in the lungs.

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood

Treatment for a conscious and alert patient who is experiencing a migraine headache includes:

dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren

You are treating a 56 year old man with CPAP. He has a history of congestive heart failure and is experiencing marked respiratory distress. When you reassess him, you note that he is no longer able to follow verbal commands. You should:

discontinue CPAP and assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device

You are assessing the arm drift of an elderly male with a suspected stroke and note that both of his arms drift toward the ground. You should:

ensure the patient understood your instructions and repeat the test

You receive a call for a 66 year old female who was found unresponsive by her husband. Your primary survey reveals that the patient is responsive to painful stimuli and has rapid, shallow, respirations. Her BP is 70/50 mm Hg, and her pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular. The patient's husband tells you that she complained of chest pressure the previous day, but would not allow him to call EMS. This patient is:

experiencing cardiogenic shock and requires assisted ventilation, IV therapy, and rapid transport.

The formulation of an appropriate treatment plan is ultimately based on the:

field impression of the patient.

The MOST significant risk associated with ventilating a patient too rapidly is:

gastric distention and regurgitation

A patient with acute chest discomfort took two of his prescribed nitroglycerin tablets and is now experiencing a pounding headache. However, he tells you that he is still experiencing chest discomfort. You should suspect that:

he is experiencing ongoing myocardial ischemia

Severe injuries to the liver are life threatening because it is:

highly vascular and very fragile

When assessing the severity of nocturnal dyspnea in a patient with a chronic respiratory disease, you should determine:

how many pillows he or she sleeps with at night

The primary respiratory stimulus in a healthy adult is a(n):

increase arterial carbon dioxide level.

Stimulation of beta-1 receptors causes a positive inotropic effect, resulting in:

increased cardiac contractility

When administering nitroglycerin via the sublingual route, you should:

instruct the patient not to chew or swallow the medication.

The majority of the body's total body water is contained within the:

intracellular space.

In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient:

is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms

A patient should be placed in the recovery position when he or she:

is unconscious, uninjured, and breathing adequately.

Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:

lateral collisions

The primary endogenous mediators of inflammation, which contribute to the signs and symptoms seen in acute inflammation, are called:

leukotrienes.

An electronic blood pressure cuff that measures reading using stepped deflation:

may be more accurate in patients who are moving because the pressure in the cuff is released in intervals at variable lengths, allowing the system to better detect oscillations.

When reassessing a patient during transport, you should:

monitor treatment interventions and modify them as necessary.

Unresponsive patients MOST often experience airway obstructions from:

occlusion of the posterior pharynx by the tongue

The ________ is a solid organ

ovary

What happens when the PaCO2 of the arterial blood increases?

pH decreases and ventilations increase

After inserting the needle into the injection port of an IV line, but before administering the medication, you should:

pinch off the tubing proximal to the injection port.

When injury occurs to tissues in the healthy human body:

platelets aggregate at the site of the injury

A 21 year old male complains of acute shortness of breath with sharp chest pain during inspiration. You auscultate his lungs and hear a grating sound over the left lower lobe during inspiration. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST likely cause by:

pleural inflammation.

The enhancement or action of one drug by another drug is called:

potentiation.

In contrast to afterload, preload is:

precontraction pressure caused by blood returning to the heart.

A glass drug cartridge and syringe are components of a(n):

prefilled syringe

A glass drug cartridge and syringe are components of a(n):

prefilled syringe.

Ventricular tachycardia is:

rapid contraction of the ventricles that does not allow for normal filling of the heart

Bioavailability is defined as the:

rate and extent to which an active drug enters the general circulation.

You are en route to a trauma center with a victim of a gunshot wound. You reassess his blood pressure and note that it has decreased by 10 mm Hg. After ensuring continued airway patency and adequate ventilation, you should:

reassess for any occult bleeding.

Your 23 year old female patient complains of pain to the superior portion of her face. She tells you that the pain has persisted for the past few days and gets worse when she bends down to pick something up. This is MOST consistent with a:

sinus headache

One of the MOST common signs of an acute hypertensive emergency is:

sudden, severe headache

The ________, which is present wherever a nerve cell terminates, connects to the next cell via ________.

synapse, neurotransmitters

When caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to:

take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is:

the blood pressure required to sustain organ perfusion

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is:

the blood pressure required to sustain organ perfusion.

When cellular perfusion is diminished:

the postcapillary sphincters remain constricted, causing the capillaries to engorge with fluid.

Which of the following statements regarding free radicals is correct?

Free radicals randomly attack cells in an attempt to steal back a missing electron.

Which of the following is generally NOT indicated when treating a patient with a tension pneumothorax?

Medication and therapy

When injury occurs to tissues in the health human body:

Platelets aggregate at the site of the injury

In contrast to afterload, preload is:

Precontraction pressure caused by blood returning to the heart.

What are the functions of the pancrease?

Production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion.

A middle aged male presents with classic signs and symptoms of a dissecting aortic aneurysm. The MOST important intervention that you can perform for this patient is:

Prompt transport

Pain to palpating of the costovertebral angle is MOST suggestive of:

Pyelonephritis

Bioavailability is defined as the:

Rate and extent to which an active drug enters the general circulation.

In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease?

Recent travel

Which of the following signs is MOST indicative of adequate breathing in an adult?

Respiration of 12-20 breaths/min

A 38 year old male with an in guitar hernia complains of increased pain and nausea. He tells you that he has been able to reduce the hernia himself in the past, but it will not reduce today. This patient is at GREATER risk for:

Strangulation of the bowel

Which of the following statements regarding subcutaneous injections is correct?

Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24 gauge to 26 gauge needle.

Emphysema is cause by:

Surfactant destruction and increase alveolar surface tension

When cellular perfusion is diminished:

The postcapillary sphincters remain constricted, causing the capillaries to engorge with fluid.

Which of the following statements regarding the 12 cranial nerves is correct?

They arise from the brain and innervate the head and face

The firm prominence in the center of the anterior surface of the neck commonly known as the Adam's apple is the upper part of which of the following?

Thyroid cartilage

A 37 year old male with chronic anxiety finds that he has to take more of his anti anxiety medication to achieve the same effect. What is this called?

Tolerance

A 37 year old male with chronic anxiety finds that he has to take more of his antianxiety medication to achieve the same effect. What is this called?

Tolerance

With regard to potential treatment in the hospital, which of the following questions is MOST important to ask the spouse of a 66 year old female presents with stroke like symptoms? When was the last time that your wife ate? When did you first notice the symptoms? Does your wife have high blood pressure? Did your wife pass out or have a seizure?

When did you first notice the symptoms?

When assessing a patient using a pulse oximeter, it is important to remember that:

abnormally bound hemoglobin may produce inaccurate readings