Age of Reform
What did factory owners do to prevent unions from forming?
They used force to end union activities
Britain abolished slavery
in 1833, before the United States did.
The word for political or social change is
reform
In a free market, supply and demand determines
the type and number of goods produced.
What was one way the passage of the Factory Acts (1844-1847) affected labor?
Labor's work hours were limited.
Who was instrumental in leading the movement for child labor reform?
Lewis Hine
Which statement best explains Smith's point?
Businesses acting in their own interests expect something in return for their services.
Those who believed in a communist revolution believed that workers would rise up, eventually leading to
NOT a new form of capitalism.
A major accomplishment of Britain's Reform Act of 1832 was that it gave voting rights to
NOT former enslaved persons. NOT all males.
What would be labor's first step in solving labor problems and effecting change?
NOT joining a union
The three main ideas behind capitalism as defined by Adam Smith are
NOT laissez-faire, regulation, and self interest.
What two principles form the basis for capitalism?
NOT private ownership and equal wealth
In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx hypothesized that capitalism would fail if workers
NOT revolt
What was going on in Europe that most likely influenced the reform movements of the 1800s?
Revolutions were spreading across Europe.
Which best explains what Marx hoped to get across?
Workers are slaves and should be inspired to revolt.
During industrialization, which led to an exploration of new economic theories?
a gap between rich and poor
What were the two main reasons workers formed unions?
as a form of social protest and to protect themselves from poor work conditions
Women did not get the right to vote in Britain or in the United States until
the 1920s
Adam Smith believed that fair prices for goods are determined in a capitalist system
through competition between businesses.
Why was this picture most likely taken?
to expose the horrors of child labor
In a dictatorship of the proletariat, who controls the government?
working classes
As the 1800s progressed, demands for labor reform increased mainly because
working conditions were horrible.
What two principles form the basis for capitalism?
private ownership and free markets
During industrialization, what were the attitudes toward slavery?
Calls for the abolition of slavery increased
In general, which best explains why communist revolutions did not happen?
Capitalist governments enacted reforms.
In both Britain and the United States, what happened in the 1870s that limited child labor?
Compulsory education and attendance laws were passed in both countries.
What moderate reforms did European socialists support? Check all that apply.
assistance for the poor better working conditions minimum wage laws
Karl Marx developed the economic theory of
communism.
According to Karl Marx, the economic ideas behind socialism would lead to a
communist revolution
When union leaders negotiate with business management, it is called
collective bargaining