Albert Unit 14

Which example BEST illustrates groupthink for the prom committee trying to choose between "masquerade" or "Paris" as their theme for the dance?

All members of the group quietly have concerns about "Paris" but do not voice them because they want the group to get along, and it seems like people are leaning towards "Paris."

Stanley Milgram became famous for his "shocking" experiment in the 1960s. In this experiment, he divided participants into two groups: "teachers" and "learners." "Teachers" were instructed to shock the "learners" for every wrong answer they provided. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Milgram's social psychology experiment?

B Most of the "teachers" protested that they did not want to continue the study, but almost two-thirds of the "teachers" proceeded with the researcher's demands and continued all the way to 450 fake volts.

Which of the following is the best example of discrimination?

Candance refuses to allow any teenage boys to babysit her two-year-old daughter.

Sherry is a very effective car saleswoman. Rather than being pushy with customers or relying on her charisma, she is extremely knowledgeable about her product, listens to her customers, and suggests cars with features that match their wants and needs. Which term BEST describes how Sherry is able to convince her customers to buy cars?

Central route to persuasion

Johnny decided to cheat on his psychology test. While he initially felt guilty about doing this, he concluded that it was an appropriate action to take because his teacher had done a poor job teaching the unit, and he was not going to become a psychologist anyway. Johnny's change in attitude is BEST explained by which of the following?

Cognitive dissonance

Which of the following is the BEST example of deindividuation?

Devon, who is normally quite polite, feels anonymous in a large crowd waiting in line for tickets and shouts rude insults at the concert venue.

Dr. James is usually a kind and patient teacher, but one day in class he loses his temper with a couple of students. His students are MOST likely to make a dispositional attribution when explaining Dr. James' behavior if

Dr. James has lost his temper before in class

Charlie was not aware that the father of the pitcher on his son's baseball team had recently passed away. The pitcher has two bad games in a row and Charlie tells his son that the pitcher has been slacking and is not taking the game seriously. This incorrect assessment of the pitcher is due to the

Fundamental Attribution Theory

Savannah shows up late to her first psychology class. Her professor, Dr. Smith, assumes this happened because Savannah is lazy and disorganized. Dr. Smith's perception of Savannah is BEST explained by which concept?

Fundamental Attribution Theory

You and your friends are planning to hang out on Friday night. You would really like to see the new movie that is playing, but your friends quickly mention the new amusement park in town. Instead of mentioning the movie, you decide the amusement park is a great idea. This is an example of which of the following social psychological concepts?

Group Think

What is a key difference between groupthink and group polarization?

In groupthink, the group needs to come to a decision, whereas in group polarization, people are discussing their individual views.

Ella is an introverted 28-year-old woman who is finishing her residency in pediatric oncology and enjoys watching horror movies. Based on the concept of similarity, with which of the following people would Ella most likely form a relationship?

José, who is an introverted 28-year-old medical student who enjoys ghost stories.

Which of the following BEST explains the main difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Prejudice is an attitude and discrimination is a behavior.

When Johanna does well on her first psychology exam, she believes it is due to her diligent preparation. When she struggles on a subsequent exam, she complains to her friends that it is because the professor did a poor job teaching the material. Johanna's perception of her performances on the two exams is BEST explained by which concept?

Self Serving Bias

On the basketball court, Kobe usually makes about seven out of ten shots when he practices alone. When his friends come to watch him shoot, he makes nine out of ten shots. Which of the following BEST illustrates this phenomenon?

Social facilitation

A psychology student concludes that participants in the Milgram study who administered the highest level of shock lacked empathy for others. This student's conclusion most likely results from which of the following?

The Fundamental Attribution Error

confirmation bias

The tendency to search for information that is consistent with our beliefs.

Nathan and Min-Jung have been dating for nine months and have expressed that they love one another. They are excited at the thought of seeing each other and describe this sensation as "butterflies in their stomach". Which hormones and neurotransmitters are at work in Nathan and Min-Jung?

adrenaline and dopamine

Farley was driving to school when he was cut off by a truck. Farley feared he was going to get into an accident. Unable to control his anger, Farley shouted at the driver. Which part of Farley's brain activated his anger response?

amygdala

Which of the following terms describes the human tendency to think advantageously about certain individuals and groups and negatively about others?

bias

After the local football team won the championship, fans began to riot, loot local businesses, and damage private property. Which phenomenon of group behavior BEST explains this occurrence?

deindividuation

Which of the following would BEST explain why people participate in riots?

deindividuation

Tyson's friends want to go out for pizza, but he would rather eat something else. Tyson is most likely to conform to the opinions of his group of friends and go out for pizza if

he is new to the group and is trying to make friends

According to the concept of proximity, with which of the following people is Juan most likely to develop a relationship?

his lab partner in biology class

Eight-year-old John notices that his dad is more aggressive than his mom. According to the biological theory of aggression, which of the following BEST explains this observation?

males have a higher level of testosterone then women

Heterosexual females tend to be attracted to males with physical attributes that indicate an ability to survive and provide for offspring. For this reason, which of the following physical attributes would heterosexual females most likely find attractive in a male?

mature facial features

People are MOST likely to be influenced by peripheral route to persuasion if they are

not as invested in the outcome

which of the following is an example of a social norm

only certain clothing is acceptable to wear to a funeral

In the popular Chinatown in New York City, Chinese-American residents see themselves as unique and individual. However, many other people living in the area see all Chinatown residents as the same. Which social psychology principle does this best demonstrate?

outgroup homogeny bias

Because many of her favorite celebrities follow a vegetarian diet, Tyra has decided to commit to a meat-free diet. Tyra's decision is most likely the rest of

peripheral route to persuasion

Thomas needs a new pair of shoes. Instead of doing extensive research on many types of shoes, he runs to the store and buys a new pair of shoes after seeing that his favorite professional basketball player wears them during games. Thomas' behavior is MOST indicative of what psychological phenomenon?

peripheral route to persuasion

Donald is a 70-year-old healthy and active senior. After being retired for a few years, he decides to re-enter the workforce and applies to work as a server at a popular restaurant in town. When reviewing his application, the restaurant manager expresses concern for Donald's ability to perform the duties of the job at 70. The manager's concern is an example of

prejudice

The mere exposure effect is most dependent upon

proximity

the idea that we should return favors to people who have helped us in the past

reciprocity norm

When gas prices increase after an election, people often blame the newly elected officials, especially if they belong to the opposite political party. This is an example of

scapegoating

According to the reward theory of attraction, Julia would most likely be attracted to

simon who holds the door open for her each day

Negative stereotypes about certain races or ethnic group can cause members of those groups to perform poorly on tasks at which they would otherwise be successful. Which of the following best describes this concept?

stereotype threat

Sam's old neighbor had teenage boys that were very noisy and rambunctious. When a new neighbor moves in with three teenage boys, he assumes they will be loud and rowdy. Sam's preconceived opinion about his new neighbors is an example of

stereotyping

Tom is a sixteen-year-old male. He is a fairly aggressive person, sometimes vandalizing school property. He is a linebacker on the football team, where often knocks down the opposing quarterback. During his football games and when engaging in competitive activities, he becomes even more aggressive than usual. Which of the following hormones would have the MOST impact on his aggressive nature?

testosterone

Students in a psychology class are divided into two groups based on whether they wore sandals or sneakers to school that day and asked to describe the opposite group. According to in-group and out-group biases, the students who wore sneakers will most likely claim that

the sandals group made poor decisions about their footwear and look unattractive in sandals.