American Government A Workbooks

How did William Penn demonstrate civic engagement to American Indians?

He learned several American Indian dialects He ensured that American Indians were treated fairly in court He paid American Indians for the land

An amendment convention could be called with what portion of the states sending delegates to debate the need for amending the Constitution?

Two-Thirds

Which documents were influenced by the Magna Carta?

US Constitution Declaration of Independence

The Albany Plan was the first step in determining how to establish a government that would do what for the colonies?

Unite them

Why was the moniker the "Nationalists" deemed unfitting as a name for the Federalist Party?

Americans were wary of creating a system of government similar to the British.

Who revived the Connecticut Compromise to allow the states to choose their delegates for the upper house (senate)?

Benjamin Franklin

Which is considered Voltaire's most famous work?"

Candide

Which document states, "A Prince whose characters is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people."

Declaration of Independence

Which concept formed the first idea of a political philosophy?

Divine right

Why was James II considered a tyrant?

He instituted catholic practices

While working for the Earl of Shaftsbury, John Locke wrote the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina, which established what ideas?

Religious Freedom A representative democracy

What government policy of William Penn led to an atmosphere that promoted cultural and economic development in Pennsylvania?

Religious tolerance

Read the sentence. For their opinions to be heard, citizens must take the initiative to contact their representatives because _[blank]_. Which option correctly completes the sentence?

Representatives cannot possibly reach out and contact all of their constituents personally

Which civil liberties are enumerated in the Bill of Rights? Select all that apply.

Right to privacy Right to equal protection under the law

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that abortion was part of a person's right to privacy and was protected under the Ninth Amendment?

Roe v. Wade

Who believed that people are born free and surrender their freedom for the good of society?

Rosseau

What major idea about government was challenged by the Scientific Revolution?

Rule by divine right

The upper house is sometimes referred to as a what?

Senate

The Spartan system of government provides the United States with a model for what process?

Separation of powers between different branches

The Magna Carta helped to establish the idea of a ________ between the government and its citizens.

Social contract

Read the sentence. The Tenth Amendment has also been called the "_[blank]_ Rights Amendment" because, at times, states have argued that it gives them power over a particular federal decision or policy. Which option correctly completes the sentence?

States'

Why was the Second Amendment created? Select all that apply.

To ensure state militias would continue To ensure the individual citizens could own firearms

Which group can ensure that its interests are recognized by elected representatives and appointed government officials by working together in political parties and special interest groups?

Citizens

Match the terms to their correct definitions.

*Bipartisanship* cooperation between political parties that otherwise oppose each other *Anti-Federalist* early American political party that wanted strong state government and focus on personal property *Federalist* early American political party that advocated a strong national government *Platform* a set of aims, ideas, and principles followed by a political party, usually expressed in a written document

Match each term to its correct definition.

*Feudalism* a system in which people worked and fought for nobles, who gave them protection and use of land in return *Samurai* the hereditary warrior caste in feudal Japan *Knights* cavalry soldiers, usually of noble birth, who served a lord or king in medieval Europe *Servient Tenement* land that is owned by a landlord and worked by others in servitude *Divine Right* the idea that monarchs were placed in their positions by God and ruled by His command

Match each scientist to the correct description.

*Francis Bacon* English philosopher, writer, statesman, and scientist—among many other things—who championed the use of the scientific method and reason to explain natural phenomenon *Nicholas Copernicus* Polish priest, astronomer, and mathematician who theorized that the sun—not the Earth—was the center of the universe, which challenged church teachings *Galileo Galilei* Italian astronomer and mathematician who observed evidence of Copernicus's theory of a heliocentric universe *René Descartes* French philosopher and mathematician who further championed the use of the scientific method and reason to explain natural phenomena and advocated the idea of the clockmaker deity

Match each name with the correct description.

*Julius Caesar* a powerful consul in the Roman senate who was murdered before he could become emperor *Romulus* mythical founder of Rome, fabled as having been raised by a wolf along with his brother Remus *Octavius* became Roman emperor Augustus, marking the start of the Roman Empire

Match each term to its correct definition.

*Prime Minister* head of the majority party in the lower house *Speaker of the lower house* presiding officer over the procedures and debates of the lower house *Frontbenchers* members of Parliament who are loyal to the prime minister *Backbenchers* majority members of Parliament who are not in a leadership position *Opposition Party* party with the fewest seats in Parliament

One of the reasons for the creation of the United States Constitution was to prevent states from doing what?

Conducting trade with foreign nations

The Articles of Confederation were designed to provide the 13 colonies with what?

A "league of friendship" among the states A system to work together in times of need, like war

The Mayflower Compact was the first document in the history of the colonies to form a government based on what?

A binding social contract

In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu lays out a system for what type of government?

A three-branch government

Both the Albany Plan and the Articles of Confederation had statements that allowed for the regulation of trade with whom?

American Indians

Read the sentence. The Republicans of the _[blank]_ wanted stronger state government, limited participation in government to certain qualified citizens, and private property protections, including for slaves. Which option correctly completes the sentence?

Early National Era

What criteria were used to choose leaders in early human societies?

Exceptional hunting abilities

The Federal Council is which branch of the Swiss government?

Executive

Switzerland's _[blank]_ and _[blank]_ provide an interesting example of participatory democracy.

Federal Council Federal Assembly

James II was overthrown during the _[blank]_.

Glorious Revolution

Read the sentence. The Tenth Amendment has often been referred to as the "_[blank]_ Powers" amendment. Which option correctly completes the sentence?

Implied

Humanism caused a major shift in society, moving it to focus primarily on what?

Individuals

Who is considered to be the father of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights?

James Madison

Both _______ and Europe operated for centuries under a socioeconomic system commonly referred to as feudalism.

Japan

Many Europeans reasoned that if the universe was something similar to a(n) _[blank]_ operating on its own, then perhaps human government is the same.

Large Machine

What is the name of the first laws written in Rome?

Law of the twelve tables

On what model did some of the American colonies base their local governments?

Local church governance

Who wrote The Prince, which focuses on the possibility of a new kind of prince rather than the ones provided by heredity?

Machiavelli

What ideas were brought forth by John Locke's Two Treatises of Civil Government?

Natural Rights Social Contract

Who believed that, if slaves were counted as part of the population, then they should be taxed accordingly?

Northerners

What was the problem with having the Bible available only in Latin?

Not even most priests could learn Latin People could not understand Latin People were illiterate

What event showed the ruling classes that the peasants had the ability to wrest power from the nobility?

Peasants' Revolt

Who encouraged the people of Athens to write their own constitution that placed the power of the government in the hands of the people?

Pericles

Which class rose to new power and established assemblies and tribunals to serve their needs?

Plebeians

How did the Mayflower Compact influence later American government?

The colonial council that it established resembled the city councils currently in place in the US Like the US constitution, it was a written agreement between individuals about how their government would work

In Massachusetts, the Puritan work ethic laid the foundation for what concept that helped the United States succeed?

The early ideas of entrepreneurial spirit

Why did colonist leaders hold a conference in Albany, New York, in 1754?

To determine how to defend the British colonies in North America

Who applied local governance of their churches without the input of the Crown?

The pilgrims The puritans

In his 95 Theses, what did Martin Luther criticize about the Roman Catholic Church?

The selling of indulgences Unethical money lending Clerics holding multiple offices

What prompted King James I to issue a second charter to give colonists more rights to land and government?

The success of of the Jamestown colony

The openness of government in Jamestown had to do with the accessibility that individuals had to _[blank]_?

Their church council

What is typically the relationship of a group of families or households that form a clan?

They are descended from a common ancestor

What system did Plato believe would arise out of an aristocracy if individuals who had been selected to serve were not of the best quality?

Timocracy

Why was the Philadelphia Convention called in 1787?

To amend the Articles of Confederation