American History Chapter 1 quiz

What aspects of white behavior does Scarouyady object to?

1. stereotyping all Indians as foes

Identify the commonalities between "republicanism" and "liberalism."

1. Both concepts worked their way across the Atlantic to the colonies. 2. Both philosophies believed in placing limits upon the absolute power of a government.

Which of the following statements is accurate with regard to freedom of the press in colonial America?

1. It was not historically seen as a fundamental right that Englishmen possessed. 2. It was viewed with suspicion by both local and imperial governing bodies in the colonies.

Identify the statements that describe John Winthrop and his beliefs about the concept of liberty.

1. John Winthrop was the first governor of Massachusetts. 2. John Winthrop believed that true freedom required individuals to submit to both religious and secular authorities.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about the slave population in the mid-eighteenth century. By the middle of the eighteenth century, due to __________, the slave population in the Chesapeake began to experience net population growth. Due to plantations in the region being _________, slaves here lived _________ white culture.

1. a more healthy climate 2. small 3. in constant contact with

For colonial Americans, which of the following results of the French and Indian War had the most significant consequences?

1. the staggeringly high costs sustained by the British empire in the course of waging the war 2. the passage of the Proclamation of 1763

Identify the innovations Native Americans lacked that limited the development of agriculture to certain regions.

1. wheeled vehicles 2. domesticated animals

Why was Columbus more confident than others about his ability to sail westward?

Columbus used the bible to calculate that Asia was only 3,000 miles to the west.

The Dutch were more tolerant of diverse religious faiths. However tolerant, Governor Petrus Stuyvesant of New Netherland was a strong supporter of the Dutch Reformed Church and wanted to alienate those of other religious faiths. What petition was filed by Quakers demanding they be allowed to settle in a Dutch colony?

Flushing Remonstrance

Identify the first permanently settled English colony in North America.

Jamestown

Identify the statement about the British empire that can be inferred by the symbolism in the image.

Liberty was the bond of the British empire.

Identify the colony that first belonged to the Dutch but later came under English control under King Charles II's brother, the duke of York.

New Netherland

There were many demographic differences when looking at the early settlers of Virginia and those who settled in Massachusetts. Identify the characteristics of the two colonial settlements.

Virginia: 1. The majority of the population was made up of single men. 2. The House of Burgesses was its first body of government. 3. Tobacco was the most common cash crop. Massachusetts: 1. The majority of the population consisted of families. 2. The population was healthier due to the climate. 3. Family farms produced a diverse array of crops along with fish and timber.

true/false American colonial voting and political participation was extremely restricted, and as such, directly reflected the English political heritage of North America's dominant colonial founders.

false

true/false The intended purpose of the presidios established in North America by the Spanish was primarily to oversee the religious conversion of Native Americans to Catholicism.

false

Identify the statement that does NOT describe the eighteenth-century event known as the "Great Awakening."

it was a phenomenon unique to north america

Speeches given by the indigenous leader Pontiac in 1762 and 1763—both during and after the Seven Years' War—took the form of advice to both the English and to his Native American followers. Analyze the speeches from Pontiac, and then match the following statements to their intended audience

speaking to the English: 1. "Although you have conquered the French, you have not yet conquered us!" 2. "Your nation supposes that we, like the white people, cannot live without bread and pork and beef!" speaking to Native Americans: 1. "Fling all these things away; live as your wise forefathers did before you."

In the reading, Franklin is troubled by the "proportionably very small" number of "purely white people" in the world. Franklin's system of racial typology is, to say the least, peculiar. Which complexions does he assign to the peoples of which countries and continents?

"purely white": 1. England and Saxony (Northern Germany and Denmark) not "purely white": 1. Asia, parts of Africa, pre-Columbian America 2. Africa 3. Spain, Italy, France, Russia, Sweden

In the mid-seventeenth century, some Puritan leaders began to worry about their society's growing commercialization and declining piety, or "declension." Identify the statements that describe the Half-Way Covenant and its impact on the church.

1. Massachusetts churches were forced to deal with a growing problem—the religious status of the third generation. This led to the creation of the Half-Way Covenant. 2. The Half-Way Covenant made ancestry, not religious conversion, the pathway into the church and inclusion among the elect.

In 1689, news of the overthrow of James II triggered rebellions in several North American colonies. Match the particulars of each rebellion with the colony in which it took place.

1. Massachusetts: Militias seize local officials, including Edmund Andros. 2. Maryland: Rebels establish a new, Protestant-dominated government. 3. New York: Dutch majority rebelled against English rule.

By the mid-eighteenth century, the different regions of the British colonies had developed distinct economic and social orders. Identify the economic and social orders of each of the regions.

1. Middle Colonies: farmers that produced grain for their own use and sale abroad 2. New England: small family farms that produced food for local consumption 3. Virginia and South Carolina: slave plantations that produced tobacco

William Penn's "holy experiment" allowed the Quakers to thrive in colonial Pennsylvania. Identify the statements that describe how Penn put his ideas into practice in Pennsylvania

1. Moral laws governing personal behavior were present. 2. Native Americans were treated peacefully. 3. Immigrants from all over Europe, no matter the faith they belonged to, were welcome.

Different economic conditions in different European colonies in North America produced different kinds of societies. Match each colony with a brief description of its social dynamics.

1. New England: The need for land led to conflict with the native population. 2. New France: The need for allies in the fur trade led to interdependence with the native population 3. New Spain: The need for labor led to conflict with the native population.

The Spanish, French, and Dutch approached colonial settlement from different perspectives. Unlike the French and Dutch, the Spanish developed an empire. Identify the statements that describe the population in Spanish colonies.

1. Persons born in Spain were the minority of the population in the Spanish colonies. 2. Wives of colonists were required to leave Spain and join their husbands in the colonies. 3. All single men were required to marry.

Why did the public sphere grow in America during the eighteenth century?

1. Political authority in the colonies was weak. 2. Local colonial governments lacked full authority.

State facts about English settlements in New England, circa 1640?

1. The Connecticut settlement spread along the Connecticut and Thames rivers. 2. Massachusetts was the largest settlement, extending along the coast from the present-day state of Maine to Massachusetts. 3. Settlements did not spread farther west than the Hudson River at this time.

To what degree did ideas of freedom inspire English settlers in North America?

1. The English prided themselves on being exemplars of freedom. 2. The English believed that they were bringing freedom to the Native American population and rescuing them from the Spanish.

By the 1660s and 1670s, ministers were regularly castigating people for selfishness, manifestations of pride, violations of the Sabbath, and a "great backsliding" from the colony's original purposes. Identify the statements that describe "jeremiads" and how ministers used them to influence the actions of settlers.

1. interpretations of social and environmental issues—such as failed crops and disease—as God's disapproval 2. warnings issued by ministers for violations of the church's teaching

The development of new technologies allowed Europeans to explore west across the Atlantic. Identify the new technologies that enabled this travel.

1. invention of the compass 2. invention of the quadrant 3. development of the caravel

Identify the statements that describe the Great Migration and its impact on New England.

1. involved the emigration of Puritans from England to Massachusetts between 1629 and the 1640s 2. created the foundation for a stable and thriving society in Massachusetts

Europeans held numerous ideas of freedom. Identify the characteristics of Christian liberty.

1. less a political or social status, and more a moral or spiritual condition 2. Servitude and freedom were mutually reinforced through the ideal of becoming a "servant to God."

Identify the causes of the Salem Which trials panics.

1. negative attitudes toward women who were independent of the social constraints of the time 2. atmosphere of general chaos caused by territorial wars with Native Americans 3. lack of scientific explanations for adverse natural events

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing Spain's North American colonies. Spain's North American colonies had an economy based primarily upon __________ , but because of wars in ________, they never were able to assemble the military might necessary for them to dominate the region. However, these northern colonies still served a useful purpose to the Spanish, in that they served as a buffer to prevent further ________ territorial encroachment into Spanish interests.

1. ranching and trade 2. Europe 3. French

Identify the locations where slaves were most frequently sent after being transported to the New World on the Middle Passage.

1. the West Indies 2. Brazil

The late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries are often described as the early years of Europe's age of exploration. Place the following European voyages in chronological order.

1. the vikings established a settlement at L'Anse aux meadows, Newfoundland 2. the Colombian expedition makes landfall in the Bahamas 3. Amerigo Vespucci explores the coast of South America 4. Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigates the globe

Most Native American tribes were individual groups before Europeans arrived; however, five Iroquois peoples did unite and formed a Great League of Peace. Identify the most likely reasons the five tribes of Iroquois united under one confederacy.

1. to combine their fighting forces to defeat other native tribes in the area 2. to coordinate diplomatic relations between members of the league

The idea of freedom suddenly took on new and expanded meanings between 1640 and 1660. Identify the statements that describe the Levellers and their contributions to the expanded idea of freedom during this time.

1. was the first democratic political movement that proposed a written constitution, which proposed to abolish the monarchy and expand the right to vote 2. offered a glimpse of the modern definition of freedom as a universal entitlement based on equal rights, not a function of social class

Identify the statements that are consistent with the "social contract."

1. Citizens were in possession of certain natural rights that were universal and not subject to restriction. 2. Citizens voluntarily gave up some freedoms to be part of a society.

Indian culture was transformed by acquiring new items from the English colonists through trading. Identify what Indians acquired and were exposed to by the colonists.

1. Indians acquired guns, which led to overhunting. 2. Indians were exposed to disease, which devastated many tribes. 3. Indians traded for alcohol, which caused social problems.

In the seventeenth century, approximately 500,000 people emigrated from England, largely due to the poor economic conditions in the country. List the emigrants' destinations in order of popularity.

1. Ireland and the West Indies 2. Virginia and Maryland 3. The middle colonies and new England

Identify the statements that describe the Covenant Chain and its outcomes.

1. It eventually led the Iroquois Nations to adopt a policy of neutrality. 2. The English formed an alliance with the Iroquois Nations and pledged to support each other in territorial acquisition and defeat of other tribes. 3. The Iroquois Nations helped the British attack the French and their Indian allies.

Identify the reasons why landownership was so important to English settlers.

1. It gave men the right to vote in most colonies. 2. It gave men control over their own labor.

Identify the statements that describe the consumer revolution in the eighteenth century.

1. Items that used to be considered luxuries, available only to the wealthy, became accessible to modest farmers. 2. Shops in port cites flourished. 3. British merchants supplied American traders with loans, allowing them to import goods and sell them on the frontier.

In 1550, Spain abolished the encomienda system and replaced it with a new repartimiento system. Identify the key characteristics of the repartimiento system.

1. Natives were paid wages 2. Natives remained legally free. 3. Natives were required to perform a fixed amount of labor.

State facts that reveal things about Quaker liberty in Pennsylvania?

1. Women and men were viewed and treated as equals. 2. Immigrants from around the world were welcome.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the founding of Harvard College in Massachusetts?

1. established by Massachusetts leaders to ensure an educated ministry 2. the first college established in the English colonies of North America

European ideas of freedom

1. moral behavior was directed by a written code of laws 2. Freedom was associated with individual ownership of property. 3.Individual freedom was prioritized over group needs.

Identify the characteristics that correctly describe Great Britain in the eighteenth century.

1. single political-cultural-economic capital 2. common law 3. strong sense of national identity 4. devotion to Protestantism

"Enumerated" goods were the most valuable colonial products in the mercantilist system between England and its colonies. Identify the items that were considered "enumerated" goods.

1. sugar 2. tobacco

The settlement at Roanoke represented an early failure for the English to colonize. Identify why it most likely failed.

Although it is not known for sure, the English colonists of Roanoke most likely moved and blended with the native tribes

The inhabitants of what Native American city near present-day St. Louis were known for building burial mounds?

Cahokia

definition of métis

the child of an Indian woman and a french man

The nearly 300,000 Africans brought to the mainland colonies during the eighteenth century were not a single people. What was the one thing that the Africans who were shipped to the New World held in common?

the fact of their slavery

In English Liberties, Or, The Free-Born Subject's Inheritance (1680), British journalist Henry Care describes various forms of government. Match each one to the country he cites as a specific example.

1. "...each man having a fixed fundamental right born with him as to the freedom of his person and property in his estate, which he cannot be deprived of, but either by his consent, or some crime for which the law has imposed...": England 2. "Arbitrary tyranny...whose wills (or rather lusts) dispose of the lives and fortunes of their unhappy subjects.": France and Turkey

what were Franklin's specific objections to the increase of Germans coming to Pennsylvania.

1. "and by herding together establish their language and manners to the exclusion of ours?" 2. "who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of our Anglifying them, and will never adopt our language or customs, any more than they can acquire our complexion?" 3. "why should we ... darken its people?"

While slavery had existed for generations in many other parts of the world, American slavery was unique for many reasons. Identify what made American slavery different from slavery in other countries.

1. A large number of slaves were under a single owner, rather than being dispersed within and among the population. 2. Slavery in America was based on the plantation, an agricultural enterprise. 3. Labor on slave plantations was much more demanding than household slavery at any other time and in any other place.

State facts about the origins and status of migrants to British North American colonies from 1700-1775?

1. A plurality of migrants were slaves. 2. Among English/Welsh migrants, the largest portion were convicts.

Identify the rights and responsibilities of people living in Massachusetts as outlined in the Body of Liberties.

1. A separate list of rights and restrictions existed for those who were "dependent" on others, including women, children, and servants. 2. Slavery was allowed in the Body of Liberties. 3. Liberties were viewed as privileges connected to one's place in the social order.

Anne Hutchinson and John Cotton were denounced for Antinomianism, or putting their own judgment or faith above the teachings of the church. Identify the statements that describe the significance of Anne Hutchinson to the region's religious culture.

1. Although religious tolerance as a concept would not take root in the colonies for many years, Hutchinson showed other interpretations of the Bible and critiqued preachers. 2. Hutchinson demonstrated how Puritan belief in each individual's ability to interpret the Bible could lead to criticism of the establishment.

identify facts about the relationship between the settlers and Indians in New England in the 1600s?

1. By the time settlers arrived, some Indians were accustomed to Europeans, and both offered them assistance and traded with them. 2. While English settlers perceived Indians to be in need of their help, in reality they were skilled hunters and farmers and offered assistance to the settlers. 3. Europeans were drawn to the New World because they felt it was their Christian responsibility to "save" the Indians.

Life in the Spanish New World was complex, hierarchical, and full of new social distinctions that had not existed in Europe. Match the new social category with its correct descriptor.

1. Creole:person of Spanish ancestry born in the Americas 2. mestizo: person of mixed ancestry 3. peninsular: person of high birth born in Europe and transplanted to the Americas

When compared to early and rapid success for the Spanish, the English were slow to get their colonies into a profitable state. Identify the reasons why Jamestown was unsuccessful in the first five years.

1. Early English settlers included numerous sons of English gentry and high-status craftsmen who did not want to grow crops or perform labor. 2. Diseases and illnesses such as malaria, dysentery, and typhoid took a heavy toll on the settlers. 3. English colonists were too focused on finding large veins of gold as it was rumored the Spanish had done so easily.

Identify the statements that describe Oliver Cromwell and his policy of colonial expansion.

1. English ruler who assumed power after the execution of Charles I 2. led an aggressive policy of colonial expansion, extending English control over Ireland and Jamaica

Natives ideas of freedom

1. Family ties and kinship were prioritized over individual needs. 2. supported the idea of freedom of religious choice 3. Families "owned" the right to use land.

Colonial English women were defined by their legal status as "feme covert" (married) or "feme sole" (single). Identify the unique privileges feme sole women enjoyed.

1. Feme sole women could make contracts and conduct business. 2. Feme sole women could own land.

According to Dr. Foner, Father Junípero Serra, founder of the Spanish mission system in California, sought both to convert the indigenous population to Christianity and to consolidate Spanish rule in the northernmost part of its American empire. Place the following events relevant to Father Serra in chronological order.

1. First Spanish mission is established in North america 2. Father Junipero Serra dies 3. Mexico achieves Independence from Spain 4. Father Junípero Serra is elevated to sainthood by the Catholic Church.

Identify which criticisms of the church and the King of England resulted in Roger Williams's banishment from the colony of Massachusetts.

1. He was critical of the King of England for taking land from the natives without payment. 2. He believed in religious toleration, citing that God had singled out not only the Puritans for salvation.

Identify the correct statements about the life of Ayuba Diallo.

1. He was the subject of a portrait painted by the artist William Hoare. 2. He was a Senegalese merchant who was captured by slave traders in 1731.

Place the following major events and processes from the early history of the Americas in chronological order.

1. Hunters and fishers cross the Bergin Land Bridge from Siberia to Alaska 2. Glaciers begin to melt, submerging the land bridge between Asia and North America 3. the first humans reach the southern most tip of South America. 4. Agriculture emerges Mesopotamia and the Andes.

Identify the statements that describe the significance of the headright system and the House of Burgesses to the development of Virginia.

1. In order to attract more settlers, the Virginia Company introduced the headright system that awarded land to individuals who paid for their passage to the New World. 2. The House of Burgesses was the first elected assembly in colonial America, and it was established in place of the governor's militaristic regime.

Identify the statements that describe Lord Calvert and his vision for Maryland.

1. Lord Calvert was Catholic and wanted Maryland to be a refuge for those Catholics persecuted in England. 2. Lord Calvert was the son of one of King Charles I's favorites and wanted to create a feudal system in Maryland.

Martin Luther, a German priest, gained much attention when he posted his Ninety-Five Theses. What arguments did Luther express in the document?

1. Luther accused the catholic church of corruption 2. Luther wanted to stop the sale of indulgences, which granted forgiveness in exchange for a fee. 3. Luther wanted all Christians to read the Bible for themselves, not rely on interpretations from a priest.

Identify the key characteristics of the French Colonies

They married Indian women, relying on them as guides, traders, and interpreters.

Eighteenth-century North America's religious diversity increased as its population grew. Colonial governments took different approaches to managing this diversity. Match the correct approach to the appropriate colonies.

church and state in most other colonies: 1. barred Catholics and Jews from voting and holding public office 2. levied taxes to pay ministers' salaries church and state in New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania: 1. enshrined religious tolerance into law

Colonial North America was notable for its high rates of literacy and its active and relatively free press. Match the colonial-era newspaper to the statement that describes it most accurately.

1. The Pennsylvania Gazette: Considered one of the best edited colonial newspapers, it was established in Philadelphia in 1728 and later purchased by Benjamin Franklin. 2. New-York Weekly Journal: Its founder, William Zenger, was arrested and tried for seditious libel after criticizing the governor. 3. Publick Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestick: Established in Boston in 1690, it was shut down after a single issue for criticizing a British military alliance with the Iroquois.

The Pueblo Revolt (1680) provided lessons for both natives and Spanish peoples. What were the outcomes of the Pueblo Revolt?

1. The Spanish adopted a more tolerant attitude in their relations with natives. 2. Natives rebuilt their places of worship. 3. The Pueblos rejected all symbols of European culture.

Identify the statements that describe what the Florentine Codex reveals about Cortés's attack on the Aztecs.

1. The Spanish had superior weapons. 2. Aztec men, women, and children were willing to fight against the Spanish.

European powers were slower to take an interest in North America than in South America and the Caribbean. list the following North American settlements in chronological order according to their establishment.

1. The Virginia Company finances Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in North America. 2. Quebec, the first permanent French settlement in North America is founded. 3. Henry Hudson's exploration leads to the founding of New Netherlands, the first permanent Dutch Settlement in North America. 4. The Spanish settle Santa Fe as the capital of New Mexico.

Traders, religious missionaries, and colonial authorities all sought to reshape Indian society and culture. Identify the statements that describe the recurrent warfare between colonists and Indians.

1. The conflicts resulted in feelings of superiority from the colonists and further encouraged their creation of boundaries between the two cultures. 2. Colonists frequently forced out Indians, and then settled on the land that they had cleared.

The Indian uprising led by Metacom, or King Philip's War, was the "bloodiest and most bitter conflict" to erupt in southern New England in the late seventeenth century. Identify the statements that describe this conflict and the dynamics between the settlers and Indians.

1. The result of the conflict strengthened the settlers' view that Indians were savages. 2. Metacom was captured and executed, while other Indians were captured and sold into slavery in the West Indies. 3. Indian tribes formed an alliance, allowing them to attack several English colonies at one time.

Identify the key characteristics of the Dutch Colonies

1. This country had patroons, who were landowners who had tenants work on their land for profits. 2. Legal rights existed for women 3. Religious toleration existed for colonists.

The legal status of Africans—slave or free—deteriorated over the course of the seventeenth century. Place the following events in the order in which they occurred.

1. Virginia law banned blacks from serving in militias. 2. Maryland law stipulated that children born to a slave mother and free father will be slaves. 3. Virginia law stipulated that converting to Christianity did not release a slave from bondage.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing trade in the Atlantic world. People, ideas, and goods flowed back and forth across the Atlantic. Goods from North America and the ______ became a major market for British manufactured goods. Tobacco grown in ______ was marketed in Britain, and then sold to Europe by British merchants. And rum produced in the West Indies was a popular good in ______.

1. West Indies 2. Chesapeake 3. North American colonies

The Stono Rebellion of 1739 in South Carolina ultimately resulted in which of the following outcomes?

1. an increase in the level of taxation applied to slaves imported into the colony 2. the introduction of a more restrictive set of slave codes in the colony

William Penn was a devout member of the Society of Friends, or Quakers. Identify the statements that describe this religious group.

1. believed in the equality of all persons (including women, blacks, and Indians) before God 2. faced persecution in England 3. the first group of whites to speak out against slavery

When the English took over New York from the Dutch, they continued to allow religious toleration but minimized the rights the Dutch had given to which of the following groups of people?

1. blacks 2. women

The establishment of Virginia and Maryland shared many similarities and also some notable differences. Identify which of the following characteristics correspond to either Virginia, Maryland, or both settlements.

1. both Virginia and Maryland: Conditions were unhealthy, leading to a high death rate for adults and children, Tobacco was the leading cash crop, Indentured servants were relied upon for the majority of labor in the early years. 2. Virginia: This settlement was established by a company of investors. 3. Maryland: People of Catholic faith could find refuge and were encouraged to settle here.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about an aspect of British political thinking in the eighteenth century. Central to the concept of republicanism were the ideas of participation in government by _______ , who were _______ , in a political system that operated without _________.

1. citizens 2. property holders 3. a king

Native and English colonial groups traded many goods and ideas. Identify the goods and ideas Indians shared with the colonists.

1. free, uncultivated land 2. native farming techniques 3. furs and animal skins

statements about Puritanism that are historically accurate

1.Puritans believed that the Church of England had not broken cleanly enough with the Catholic Church. 2.Puritans followed the teachings of theologian John Calvin.

Columbus went to his grave believing he discovered a westward route to Asia. He referred to the native peoples he encountered as Indians, a term that has endured to this day. But who were the people that Christopher Columbus actually "discovered"?

Native Americans

Why does Winthrop consider "natural" liberty dangerous?

Natural Liberty does not obey authority; instead it acts on its own will, and as such, has the potential to lead men to evil.

British North America in the mid-eighteenth century was quite economically diverse. Match each region below to its dominant form(s) of social and economic organization.

New England: small farms and towns the northern and western frontiers: fur-trading outposts the Hudson Valley: vast, feudal-sized estates

The "Columbian Exchange" was a process of introducing animals, plants, technology, and disease from one part of the world to another. The exchange went both ways. Identify the country of origin of the goods and a disease that were part of this exchange.

New World (Natives): -corn and potatoes Old World (Europe): -horses and cattle -smallpox -sugarcane

What does the image The Savage Family (1779) reveal about the typical Puritan family?

Puritans had large families, as a substantial part of women's lives was devoted to giving birth and raising children.

"Moral liberty" was critical to the personal and governed lives of Puritans in Massachusetts. Identify the statement that describes the limits to personal freedom that accompanied "moral liberty."

Puritans had to subject themselves to authority, which included their personal freedoms being regulated by the church and God.

The Magna Carta was written in 1215, but by 1600 it was being interpreted very differently than its original intention. Identify the important issue at the heart of the new interpretation of this document.

all englishmen had rights and freedoms

true/false The slave code of 1705, created by the House of Burgesses, is significant because it outlined the principle of white supremacy for the first time, justifying the ownership and treatment of slaves by their masters.

true

true/false An important strategy in England's attempt to subdue the Irish in the seventeenth century was to integrate them into English society.

false

true/false Merchants and commercial interests in northern colonies, such as Massachusetts and Rhode Island, were opposed to the slave trade and did not benefit from it.

false

In seventeenth-century England, working for wages was widely associated with servility and loss of liberty. Only those who controlled their own labor could be regarded as truly free. Based on this understanding, which type of worker would claim the most personal liberty and freedom?

farmers

true/false: Many Europeans believed Natives were too free, and were surprised that their language lacked words for concepts such as "oppressed" or "obedient subjects," which were commonplace in European languages.

true

Identify the statement that describes the French treatment of Indians

the French had great admiration for the native societies, and as a result they frequently accepted their native ways.

true/ false The press in colonial America flourished in the eighteenth century in part because Americans were among the most literate societies on earth.

true

true/false As a result of the struggle over English liberties, the definition of freedom was greatly expanded both in England and English North America.

true

true/false Puritanism came out of the rejection of Catholicism and the search for true Protestantism. As such, Puritans encouraged individuals to read the Bible for themselves, rather than rely on sacraments and formulaic prayers administrated by priests. Puritans considered themselves to be true Protestants.

true