anadiplosis
dissonance
harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds
asyndeton
lack of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words (We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardships, support any friend, oppose any . . .)
anadiplosis
repetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the next (anger leads to hate, hate leads to . . .)
anecdote
short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)
synthesis
the combination of separate parts into a unified whole
aphorism
A brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.
homily
This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.
zeugma
When a word is used with two adjacent words in the same construction, but only makes literal sense with one of them (He closed the door and his heart on his lost love)