anatomy 6
Fibrous cartilage discs that act as shock absorbers in joints are called ________. a. synovial capsules b. tendons c. menisci d. bursae e. intervertebral discs
c
Pads of ________ are often found around the edges of diarthrotic joints to provide protection for the articular cartilages. Select one: a. fibrocartilage b. connective tissue c. adipose tissue d. hyaline cartilage e. synovial fluid
c
Red bone marrow functions in the formation of Select one: a. osteocytes. b. new bone. c. blood cells. d. osteoblasts. e. adipose tissue
c
The bones of the limbs are classified as Select one: a. irregular bones. b. short bones. c. long bones. d. sesamoid bones. e. flat bones.
c
The bones that form the palms of the hands are the Select one: a. carpals. b. phalanges. c. metacarpals. d. tarsals. e. metatarsals.
c
The most inferior portion of the sternum is called the Select one: a. sternal angle. b. sternal groove. c. xiphoid process. d. body. e. manubrium.
c
The paired ________ form(s) the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, and function(s) in slowing airflow and deflecting inhaled air toward the olfactory receptors. Select one: a. superior nasal conchae b. vomer c. inferior nasal conchae d. palatine bones e. middle nasal conchae
c
The pectoral girdle consists of the Select one: a. clavicle and humerus. b. scapula and humerus. c. clavicle and scapula. d. clavicle, scapula, and humerus. e. clavicle, scapula, and sternum.
c
The primary function of ________ is exemplified when bones function as levers. Select one: a. storage b. protection c. movement d. blood cell production e. support
c
True ribs are directly connected to the sternum by ________. Select one: a. costal ligaments b. costal facets c. costal cartilages d. articular cartilages e. sternal ligaments
c
When one crosses his/her arms, which movement is performed by the clavicles? Select one: a. adduction b. depression c. protraction d. abduction e. retraction
c
Which joint permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body? Select one: a. knee b. ankle c. shoulder d. elbow e. hip
c
A compound fracture a. is caused by an underlying pathology. b. is completely internal. c. is also known as a closed fracture. d. results in bone projecting through the skin. e. is a type of incomplete fracture.
d
A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward is termed a. plantar flexion. b. dorsiflexion. c. eversion. d. inversion. e. protraction.
d
Bone-forming cells are called ________. a. osteoclasts b. ossification centers c. osteocytes d. osteoblasts e. osteons
d
Dorsiflexion involves ________ at the ankle joint and ________ of the foot. Select one: a. adduction; flexion of the heel b. flexion; elevation of the heel c. extension; elevation of the heel d. flexion; elevation of the sole e. extension; flexion of the sole
d
During the process of ________, an existing tissue is replaced with bone. a. resorption b. calcification c. blood cell production d. ossification e. osteolysis
d
Humans have ________ pairs of ribs. a. 6 b. 2 c. 10 d. 12 e. 24
d
In anatomical position, when the palm is moved to face posteriorly, the movement of the wrist and hand is called ________. a. reposition b. supination c. extension d. pronation e. protraction
d
Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between articulating bones is which movement? Select one: a. protraction b. hyperextension c. retraction d. flexion e. elevation
d
Ribs that have no connection to the sternum are called ________. Select one: a. vertebrochondral ribs b. vertebrosternal ribs c. false ribs d. floating ribs e. true ribs
d
Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony rods or plates called Select one: a. lamellae. b. perforating canals. c. canaliculi. d. trabeculae. e. osteons.
d
The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the Select one: a. cribriform plate. b. maxillary. c. temporal. d. mandible. e. zygomatic.
d
Small channels, called ________, radiate through the matrix of bone. Select one: a. lamellae b. lacunae c. perforating canals d. Haversian canals e. canaliculi
e
The atlas is classified as a ________ vertebra. Select one: a. lumbar b. coccygeal c. sacral d. thoracic e. cervical
e
The movement of turning around the longitudinal axis of the body or a limb toward the ventral surface of the body is called medial ________. Select one: a. circumduction b. adduction c. supination d. inversion e. rotation
e
The vertebral column contains ________ cervical vertebrae. Select one: a. 31 b. 12 c. 5 d. 4 e. 7
e
The vertebral column contains ________ lumbar vertebrae. Select one: a. 12 b. 4 c. 7 d. 31 e. 5
e
Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton? Select one: a. clavicle b. patella c. carpal bones d. coxal bones e. ribs
e
Bone cells capable of dissolving the bony matrix are termed a. osteocytes. b. osteoblasts. c. chondrocytes. d. osteons. e. osteoclasts.
e
Which type of synovial joint is described as an oval articular face nestling within a depression on the opposing surface? Select one: a. ball-and-socket b. pivot c. saddle d. gliding e. condylar
e
A movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is termed a. abduction. b. inversion. c. adduction. d. extension. e. flexion
c
A joint with flattened or slightly curved articulating surfaces is called a ________ joint. a. hinge b. gliding c. saddle d. pivot e. condylar
b
A movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is a. flexion. b. abduction. c. adduction. d. extension. e. rotation.
b
An increase in the diameter of growing bone is termed ________ growth. a. ossification b. appositional c. intramembranous d. endochondral e. epiphyseal
b
Compared with the pectoral girdle, the pelvic girdle is a. not as firmly anchored to the axial skeleton. b. comprised of more massive bones, which are adapted for weight bearing. c. structurally identical. d. more flexible and freely movable. e. composed of more separate bones.
b
In the skeletal system, compact bone is usually located Select one: a. where bones are not heavily stressed. b. where stresses come from a limited range of directions. c. where stresses arrive from many directions. d. only in a narrow ring around the diaphysis of long bones. e. in direct contact with articular cartilages.
b
Moving the arm in a loop is an example of which angular movement? Select one: a. extension b. circumduction c. adduction d. gliding e. flexion
b
Osteocytes Select one: a. are the cells responsible for the production of new bone. b. maintain normal bone structure by recycling the calcium salts in the bony matrix around themselves. c. are giant cells with 50 or more nuclei. d. are immature bone cells. e. secrete acids and enzymes.
b
Tarsal bones are classified as ________ bones. Select one: a. irregular b. short c. sesamoid d. long e. flat
b
The fibula Select one: a. helps to bear the weight of the body. b. provides lateral stability to the ankle. c. articulates with the femur. d. forms an important part of the knee joint. e. is the medial bone of the leg.
b
Which of the following primary functions of the skeletal system applies to the role of bone marrow? Select one: a. support b. blood cell production c. movement d. storage e. protection
b
Moving a part of the body anteriorly in the horizontal plane is called ________. Select one: a. flexion b. protraction c. elevation d. dorsiflexion e. retraction
b
Bones of the skull that articulate with the nasal bones include (the) a. maxillary bone. b. zygomatic bone. c. temporal bone. d. ethmoid bone. e. sphenoid.
a
Jason fractured his pisiform bone in an accident. What part of his body is injured? Select one: a. wrist b. leg c. ankle d. shoulder e. skull
a
Rickets is a condition marked by a softening and bending of bones that occurs in growing children, as a result of ________ deficiency. Select one: a. vitamin D3 b. vitamin C c. vitamin A d. thyroid hormone e. growth hormone
a
The appendicular skeleton contains ________ bones. Select one: a. 126 b. 64 c. 80 d. 206 e. 62
a
The bones of the pelvis Select one: a. include portions of both axial and appendicular elements. b. are bones of the axial skeleton only. c. are connected anteriorly at the pubic symphysis and posteriorly by an interosseous membrane. d. are bones of the appendicular skeleton only. e. include two prominent sesamoid bones.
a
The bones of the wrist form the ________. Select one: a. carpus b. brachium c. manus d. os coxae e. tarsus
a
The coccyx is typically composed of ________ fused vertebrae. Select one: a. 3-5 b. 9-11 c. 1-2 d. 7-8 e. 6-7
a
The hyoid bone Select one: a. serves as a base for muscles associated with the larynx, tongue, and pharynx. b. contributes to the nasal septum. c. provides a site for the attachment of muscles that rotate or extend the head. d. is the attachment point for the temporalis muscle. e. marks the point of articulation with the lower jaw
a
The patella Select one: a. glides over the smooth anterior surface, between the lateral and medial condyles. b. forms part of a ball-and-socket joint. c. is made of cartilage in the tendon of the biceps femoris. d. is normally on the lateral aspect of the knee joint. e. articulates with the tibia and fibula.
a
The shaft of a long bone is called the ________. Select one: a. diaphysis b. canaliculus c. trabecula d. epiphysis e. lamella
a
Typical movements at a hinge joint include Select one: a. extension and flexion. b. flexion and rotation. c. extension and gliding. d. gliding and pronation. e. rotation and inversion.
a
Which of the following is the most important normal hip movement, one that is primarily limited by the surrounding muscles? Select one: a. flexion b. abduction c. extension d. rotation e. adduction
a
Which of the following joints is located between the spinal vertebrae? Select one: a. symphysis b. gomphosis c. synchondrosis d. pivot e. hinge
a
Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula, transmitting the body's weight from the tibia toward the toes? Select one: a. talus b. calcaneus c. medial cuneiform d. cuboid e. navicular
a
________ are giant bone cells with 50 or more nuclei. a. Osteoclasts b. Osteons c. Osteocytes d. Canaliculi e. Osteoblasts
a
________ is a movement that occurs in the anterior-posterior plane and increases the angle between the articulating bones. a. Extension b. Reposition c. Eversion d. Elevation e. Flexion
a
The following are major steps in the process of endochondral ossification: 1. Bone forms at the diaphysis surface. 2. Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses. 3. Chondrocytes enlarge and calcify .4. Osteoclasts create a marrow cavity. 5. Blood vessels invade the inner cartilage and new osteoblasts form spongy bone at a primary ossification center. The correct order for these events is a. 2, 3, 1, 5, 4. b. 3, 1, 4, 5, 2. c. 1, 5, 3, 4, 2. d. 3, 1, 5, 4, 2. e. 1, 3, 5, 4, 2.
d
When one closes the mouth, the movement is called ________. Select one: a. protraction b. depression c. flexion d. elevation e. retraction
d
Which joint type can perform rotation movements? Select one: a. condyloid b. ellipsoidal c. hinge d. ball-and-socket e. saddle
d
Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton? Select one: a. the skull b. the vertebrae c. the manubrium d. the scapula e. the sternum
d
Compared with the male pelvis, the female pelvis has a a. smaller pelvic outlet b. larger pelvic outlet. c. relatively broad, high pelvis. d. relatively narrow, high pelvis. e. narrower pubic angle.
e
Considering the bony structure of the palate, a cleft palate is a malformation of which bone? a. mandible b. ethmoid c. sphenoid d. vomer e. maxillary
e
Immature, active bone cells that produce new bone matrix are termed a. stem cells. b. osteocytes. c. chondrocytes. d. osteoclasts. e. osteoblasts.
e
One role of the fontanels is to Select one: a. enclose the vertebral column. b. lighten the weight of the skull bones. c. serve as the final bony plates of the skull. d. serve as ossification centers for the facial bones. e. allow for the change in shape of the skull during childbirth.
e
Regulatory functions of the skeletal system include Select one: a. absorbing the shock of unexpected rapid body movements. b. cushioning abdominal organs such as the kidneys. c. facilitating transmission of nerve impulses. d. contracting muscles. e. maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids.
e
Ribs that are connected to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions are called ________ ribs. Select one: a. sternal b. false c. vertebrochondral d. floating e. true
e
