Anatomy

This system consists of three parts: (the) _____, which controls voluntary muscle actions; (the) _____, which controls involuntary muscle action and regulates the action of the glands; and (the) _____, which connects the outer parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord.

Central nervous system, Autonomic nervous system, Peripheral nervous system

Skin is waterproof.

False

Which of the following statements is true of pulmonary circulation?

It carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for the purpose of oxygenation and waste removal.

Which of the following statements is true about blood?

It helps protect the body from harmful toxins and bacteria by working with the immune system.

A cosmetologist should have an understanding of the skeletal system because __________.

It helps protect the cosmetologist's own body by using proper body mechanics while working

Which of the following statements about the muscular system is true?

It is affected by massages performed during cosmetology services.

Identify a true statement about origin, which is one of the three parts of a muscle.

It is anchored to the bone.

Identify a true statement about a cell's cytoplasm.

It provides a structure for the cell parts to ensure their free movement within the cell membrane.

__________ are two bones that form the sides and top of the skull's cranium.

Parietal bones

__________, also called the shoulder blades, are two large, flat, and triangular shoulder bones.

Scapulae

Which system controls hormone levels within the body?

The endocrine system

Which of the following is the larger of the two leg bones below the knee on the big toe side that supports most of the body's weight?

Tibia

The integumentary system consists of the skin and its accessory organs.

True

The word "integument"" means a natural covering.

True

Thin-walled blood vessels that carry waste products that contain blood to the heart and lungs for cleaning and to pick up oxygen are called __________.

Veins

Muscles that draw a body part toward the midline of the body and draw the fingers together in the hand are called __________.

adductors

Blood travels from the heart through thick-walled, flexible tubes called _____.

arteries

Smaller types of these vessels, _____, carry blood to the _____, which supply nutrients to the cells, then carry away waste materials back to the heart, first through small _____, then through larger thin-walled, blood vessels collectively known as _____.

arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

The __________ controls involuntary muscle action and the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, heart, and breathing.

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Lymph nodes filter ______________.

bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells

Why should cosmetologists have a thorough knowledge of anatomy and physiology?

because working with the bones of the face and skull adds to flattering haircuts, hairstyles, and makeup applications

The blood is carried by tubelike structures called (the) _____.

blood vessels

The nervous system contains many complex parts. The two main parts are the _____, which control(s) all the body's functions, and the _____, which extend(s) from the skull downward.

brain, spinal cord,

The _____, also known as the cardiovascular system,

circulatory system,

binds and supports other tissues and organs =>

connective tissue,

The _____ is/are a group of specialized _____ that control the growth, development, reproduction, and health of the entire body. The pituitary and thyroid are examples of _____, while the _____, which may be sudoriferous or sebaceous, contain ducts. Insulin and estrogen are examples of _____, which influence the welfare of the whole body.

endocrine system, glands, endocrine glands, exocrine glands, hormones

provides a covering that protects the body =>

epithelial tissue,

The extensor digitorum longus is the muscle that __________.

extends the toes and bends the foot up

Which of the following is the foot muscle that flexes the toes and helps with the maintenance of balance while standing and walking?

flexor digitorum brevis

One of the primary functions of the skeletal system is to __________.

help in the production of red and white blood cells

The uppermost and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder, is called the __________.

humerus

Which of the following is the U-shaped bone at the tongue's base that supports the tongue and its muscles?

hyoid bone

Which of the following muscles surrounds and elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as when expressing distaste?

levator labii superioris

contracts and moves various parts of the body =>

muscle tissue

The _____ system covers and holds the skeletal system in place and moves various body parts. _____ is the study of the structure, functions, and diseases of this system. A muscle consists of three parts. The middle part of the muscle is known as the _____. The immovable part of the muscle, which is anchored to the bone, is called the _____. The movable part of the muscle, or _____, is anchored to the bone.

muscular, myology, belly, origin, insertion

carries messages to and from the brain =>

nerve tissue

_____ extend(s) from these two large parts of the nervous system and in turn consist of two types: _____, which carry/carries messages from organs, and _____, which carry/carries messages that produce movement.

nerves, sensory nerves, motor nerves,

The study of (the) _____, which contains the brain, spinal cord and nerves, is called (the) _____.

nervous system, neurology,

What color describes lymph?

pale yellow

The broad muscle that extends from the pectoral and deltoid muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip is called the __________.

platysma

carry/carries blood in two types of circulation: _____, which carry/carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for oxygenation and waste removal, and _____, which carry/carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart throughout the body and returns oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

pulmonary circulation, systemic circulation,

(A) _____ is a/are reaction(s) that involves communication between both types.

reflex

Which is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?

the liver

Which of these systems is part of the immune system and helps to defend against infection?

the lymphatic system

A group of cells that perform a specific function =>

tissues

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?

to carry messages between the spinal cord and the nerves