Anatomy and physiology 21.1-21.9

Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in

-increased tendency to alveolar collapse. -a loss of surfactant. -increased surface tension in the alveoli. -a decreased rate of gas exchange. -All of the answers are correct.

During swallowing

-the epiglottis folds back over the glottis. -the larynx is elevated. -solids and liquids are prevented from entering the respiratory tract. -All of the answers are correct.

Each terminal bronchiole supplies air directly to

a single pulmonary lobule

If the fluid bond between the parietal and visceral pleura is broken and the lung collapses, the resulting condition is termed

atelectasis

The conchae

create turbulence in the air to trap particulate matter in mucus.

The laryngeal cartilage composed of elastic cartilage that prevents entry of solids or liquids into the larynx when swallowing is the

epiglottis

The respiratory defense system is important because it

helps warm the air. keeps out debris. keeps out pathogens. helps filter the air. All of the answers are correct.

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

pharynx

Which structure is located most superior at the hilum of the left lung?

pulmonary artery

During a choking episode, most foreign objects are more likely to become lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

right primary

In the lower respiratory tract, cartilage plates first appear at the

secondary bronchi

Air traveling from the tertiary bronchi must pass through the ________ to reach the pulmonary lobule.

terminal bronchioles

The glottis is

the opening to the larynx

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

upper respiratory tract

Absorption of O2 from blood and release of CO2 from tissue cells is known as

internal respiration

Starting at the ________, the epithelium changes to stratified squamous epithelium.

oropharynx

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli all make up the

lower respiratory tract

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the

movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of voluntary muscles.

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms the

mucus escalator

The auditory tubes open into the

nasopharynx