Anatomy and Physiology Unit 3 Part 2

When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiologic basis?

The blood supply to the skin decreases.

Thin skin is defined by the thickness of the

epidermis.

The layer of the epidermis at the surface is the

stratum comeum.

As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,

they die.

Eccrine and sebaceous glands differ in

type of secretion, material secreted, location in the body, and their association with hair follicles (all of the above).

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

"goose bumps" are formed.

Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight.

Vitamin D3

The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is

acne.

The hypodermis contains mostly

adipose tissue.

The glands that develop at puberty are

apocrine glands.

Eccrine sweat glands

are most common in the axilla and groin, respond primarily to elevated body temperature, respond only in times of stress, and are active only in areas of dense hair (all of the above).

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light

can stimulate the production of melanin.

The skin is also called the

cutaneous membrane.

The fold of the stratum comeum over the base of a nail is called the

cuticle.

Shafts of hair are made by

dead epidermal cells.

The dermis is composed largely of

dense irregular connective tissue.

Folds of the dermis that cause fingerprints are called

dermal ridges.

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the

dermis.

Which of the following is the correct order of the cutaneous membrane?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Sweat helps to cool the body by

evaporation.

A burn that involves only the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as

first degree.

Accessory structures of the skin include

hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous sweat glands, and apocrine sweat glands (all of the above).

Nerve fibers in the skin are associated with

hair follicles.

Injections made under the skin are called

hypodermal injections.

The tissue under the skin is called the

hypodermis or subcutaneous layer.

When the body is overheated, the skin responds by

increasing blood flow to the dermis.

Perspiration produced by apocrine sweat glands

is more than 99% water, contains electrolytes and waste products, helps to cool the body when it evaporates, and is limited to hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin (all of the above).

The pigment melanin

is produced by cells called melanocytes and is found in higher concentration with darker skin and protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation.

The skin may turn orange as a result of _____ buildup.

keratin

The subcutaneous layer is made of

loose connective and adipose tissues.

In albinism, _____ is lacking.

melanin

The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from

melanocytes.

Thick skin can be found on the

palms.

Functions of the skin include

regulating body temperature.

This type of burn appears inflamed and tender but has no blisters.

second-degree burn

A burn that penetrates the epidermis and part of the dermis is classified as a

second-degree burn.

The layer of the skin that provides thermoregulation via changing blood flow is the

subcutaneous layer.