ANATOMY CHAPTER 1

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Anatomy refers to the structure and function of the body

. False

Reproduction refers to: Select one:

Both the formation of new cells and the production of a new individual Correct

The life process by which an unspecialized stem cell becomes an a cell that will then mature into a red blood cell is called

Differentiation

Skeletal muscles play which of the following roles in the negative feedback system that controls responses to decreased body temperature

Effector

The release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells when blood glucose increases after a meal is an example of which of the following life processes

Responsiveness

Stress has an adverse effect on homeostasis, because it creates an imbalance in the internal environment

True

The chemical level of structural organization includes all chemicals needed to maintain life

True

The control center determines the level at which the controlled condition needs to be maintained

True

Which of the following would NOT trigger a feedback system?

a body temperature of 98.6 degrees

The spleen and liver are located in the

abdominal cavity

The sternum is __________ to the heart

anterior

A gluteal injection refers to an injection into the

buttock

Failure of the body to maintain homeostasis will

cause illness and possibly death

A group of __________ makes up tissues.

cells

The basic structural and functional units of an organism are

cells

The anatomical term used to describe the region of the neck is

cervical

The abdominal and thoracic cavities are separated from each other by the:

diaphragm

The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cells is called

differentiation

The best anatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be

dorsal

The organ system that regulates the body's activities using chemical regulators called hormones is the

endocrine system

Reproduction refers to the formation of new cells for growth only

false

The heart is located in the mediastinum

false

The heart is superior to the nose

false

The sagittal plane divides the body into equal superior and inferior portions

false

The spinal cord and the brain are located in the cranial cavity

false

The pericardial cavity contains the

heart

The condition in which the body's internal environment stays within physiological limits is known as

homeostasis

The maintenance of relatively stable conditions of an organism is

homeostasis

The organ system that consists of skin, along with associated structures like hair and sweat glands, is the

integumentary system

In the anatomical position the subject

is standing upright facing the observer with the palms forward

In the anatomical position, the ring finger is __________to the little finger

lateral

The organ system that transports fats from the gastrointestinal tract to the cardiovascular system is the

lymphatic system

The __________ is the region between the lungs from the breastbone to the vertebra

mediastinum

The sum of all chemical processes in our body is known as

metabolism

A(n) __________ plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.

midsaggital

Atoms combine to form

molecules

All of the following are examples of organs EXCEPT

muscle

Which of the following is a symptom of disease rather than a sign?

nausea

The regulation of blood pressure is an example of:

negative feedback system

Homeostasis is regulated by these two systems:

nervous and endocrine

The level of organization when different tissues join together is called the

organ level

The plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions is the

parasaggital plane

The body cavity containing the urinary bladder and portions of the large intestine is the

pelvic cavity

The science dealing with the functions of the body parts is called

physiology

A baroreceptor senses changes in

pressure

All of the following belong to feedback systems which control homeostasis EXCEPT

receiver

The structure which sends inputs to the control center is the

receptor

All of the following are functions of the cardiovascular system EXCEPT

red blood cell production

In a negative feedback system, the response of the effector

reverses the original stimulus

All of the following are controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, EXCEPT

skeletal muscle movement.

The anatomical term which best describes a structure toward the head is

superior

The directional term which best describes a structure toward the head is:

superior

Group of related organs that have a common function is called a(n)

system

The anatomical term for shinbone is

tibia.

All of the following are found inferior to the diaphragm EXCEPT the

trachea

The plane that divides the body into a superior and inferior portion is the

transverse plane

Childbirth is a good example of a positive feedback mechanism

true

The carpals (bones of the wrist) are proximal to the metacarpals (bones of the hand)

true

The integumentary system protects all body systems

true

To describe the relationship of different body structures to each other, anatomists use directional terms

true

The anatomical term for navel is

umbilical

Collectively the organs inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are called:

viscera


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