Anatomy Lecture Exam 1

A transverse section would pass through which cavity if it were made at the level of the umbilicus? a. dorsal cavity b. thoracic cavity c. pelvic cavity d. abdominal cavity e. none of the above

d. abdominal cavity

Bone remodeling occurs in a. spongy bone b. compact bone c. all bone types equally at all times d. all bone types based on need e. none of the answers are correct

d. all bone types based on need

Skin color is the product of a. the dermal blood supply b. pigment composition c. pigment concentration d. all of the above e. none of the above

d. all of the above

Various classifications of joints are based on a. range of motion permitted b. structural composition c. specific type of movement d. all of the answers are correct e. none of the answers are correct

d. all of the answers are correct

Nerve fibers proper in the skin are found in which of the following layers? a. epidermis b. reticular layer c. papillary layer d. both b and c e. none of the answers are correct

d. both b and c

Which of the following associations is most accurate? a. synarthrosis—slightly movable b. amphiarthrosis—freely movable c. diarthrosis—immovable d. diarthrosis—synovial e. all of the answers are correct

d. diarthrosis—synovial

The connective tissue covering the inner surface of a bone is (the) a. matrix b. osteon c. periosteum d. endosteum e. none of the answers are correct

d. endosteum

Anatomically "thick skin" and "thin skin" refer to differences in the thickness of the a. papillary layer b. dermis c. hypodermis d. epidermis e. basement membrane

d. epidermis

In the anatomical position, a person stands with their legs together and their feet flat on the floor. Additionally, the a. hands are raised above the head b. hands are facing posteriorly c. the hands a hanging naturally at the person's sides d. hands are at the sides, and the palms face anteriorly e. hands are facing laterally

d. hands are at the sides, and the palms face anteriorly

Which of the following is involved in the coloring of the skin? a. tactile corpuscles b. ruffini corpuscles c. lamellated corpuscles d. melanocytes e. merkel cells

d. melanoctyes

Which of the following is the primary tissue type that contracts? a. epithelial tissue b. germinative tissue c. connective tissue d. muscle tissue e. neural tissue

d. muscle tissue

Functions of the connective tissue include each of the following, except a. establishing a structural framework for the body b. transporting fluids and dissolved materials c . storing energy reserves d. providing sensation e. none of the above

d. providing sensation

Which of the following would not be considered one of the eleven organ systems? a. cardiovascular b. reproductive c. urinary d. sensory e. musculatory

d. sensory

As cells are pushed from deeper layers of the epidermis toward the surface they a. continue to divide b. become dermal cells c. receive a better nutrient supply d. start to die e. all of the answers are correct

d. start to die

Which of the following means two or more layers? a. columnar b. cuboidal c. squamous d. stratified e. none of the answers are correct

d. stratified

Which of the following is not a characteristic of epithelial cells? a. they may consist of a single or multiple cell layer b. they always have a free surface exposed to the external environment or some inner chamber or passageway c. they are avascular d. they consist of a few cells but have a large amount of extracellular material e. none of the above

d. they consist of a few cells but have a large amount of extracellular material

Processes involved in the movement of substances across a membrane at the expense of ATP are classified as a. osmosis b. diffusion c. filtration d. facilitated diffusion e. active transport

e. active transport

Which of the following organ systems are involved in removal of cellular waste? a. respiratory system b. digestive system c. urinary system d. integumentary system e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid? a. act as shock absorbers b. nourish the chondrocytes c. reduce friction d. provide lubrication e. all of the answers are correct

e. all of the answers are correct

Which of the following tissues were not found in chicken nuggets? a. nerve b. muscle c. hyaline cartilage d. stratified squamous epithelium e. all were found in chicken nuggets

e. all were found in chicken nuggets

Which of the following pairs consists of the most anatomical equivalents? a. distal, coronal b. proximal, lateral c. cranial, caudal d. cephalic, posterior e. anterior, ventral

e. anterior, ventral

Usually cells have one nucleus. Which cells differ from this? a. osteoclasts b. osteoblasts c. osteocytes d. erythrocytes e. both a and d

e. both a and d

Which of the following is an atom? a. salt b. glucose c. iron d. gold e. both c and d

e. both c and d

In osseous tissue, which of the following is able to break down bone? a. nerves b. capillaries c. osteons d. osteocytes e. osteoclasts

e. osteoclasts

Protein producing organelles are the a. nucleus b. Golgi apparatus c. mitochondria d. lysosomes e. ribosomes

e. ribosomes

The type of epithelium that is present where mechanical stresses are severe and abrasion protection is need is: a. columnar epithelium b. cuboidal epithelium c. endothelium e. stratified squamous epithelium e. simple epithelium

e. stratified squamous epithelium

Which of the following is not a function of connective tissues? a. they provide protection for underlying tissues b. they are completely impermeable, and therefore prevent water loss c. they produce active movement d. they store wastes e. they send action potentials

e. they send action potentials

Which of the following cell types is found in the epidermis? a. Langerhans' cell b. macrophage c. neutrophil d. mast cell e. fibroblasts

a. Langerhans' cell

An epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by a. a basal lamina b. canaluculi c. stereocilia d. proteoglycans e. Nnone of the above

a. a basal lamina

Carotene is a. an orange-yellow pigment that accumulates inside keratinocytes b. another name for melanin c. deposited in stratum granulosum cells to protect the epidermis d. a pigment that gives the characteristic color to hemoglobin e. none of the above

a. an orange-yellow pigment that accumulates inside keratinocytes

Which is the most proximal? a. brachium b. antecubitis c. carpus d. olecranon e. manus

a. brachium

The periosteum a. covers the outside of bones b. covers articular cartilage c. can form chondrocytes to assist in enlarging cartilages associated with the bones d. lines the medullary cavity e. is vital in blood cell formation

a. covers the outside of bones

The extra cellular matrix of bone includes calcium phosphate and collagen. The calcium phosphate is organized in crystals of: a. hydroxyapatite b. diamond c. magnesium phosphate d. charcoal e. none of the above

a. hydroxyapatite

What does a mammary gland secrete? a. milk b. odorous sweat c. watery sweat d. ear wax e. sebum

a. milk

The basic functional unit or building block of mature compact bone is the a. osteon b. caniliculus c. lamella d. central canal e. concentric layer

a. osteon

Organs of the urinary system include a. ureters and kidneys b. liver and pancreas c. thymus and spleen d. bronchi and alveoli e. none of the answers are correct

a. ureters and kidneys

The epidermis in a section of thin skin includes the following four layers. In what order do these occur, from the basal lamina to the surface? (1) stratum granulosum (2) stratum corneum (3) stratum basale (4) stratum spinosum a. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 3, 4, 1, 2 c. 4, 3, 2, 1 d. 3, 2, 4, 1 e. 1, 3, 4, 2

b. 3, 4, 1, 2

The glenohumeral joint is a a. planar diarthroses b. ball and socket diarthroses c. hinge diarthroses d. condylar diathroses e. saddle diarthroses

b. ball and socket diarthroses

Which of the following regions corresponds to the arm? a. cervical b. brachial c. femoral d. pedal e. none of the above

b. brachial

Which of the following correctly pairs structures of the elbow joint? a. lateral epicondyle, radial tuberosity b. capitulum of humerus, head of radius c. radial collateral ligament, medial epicondyle d. olecranon, radial notch e. none of the above

b. capitulum of humerus, head of radius

The major function of the ______ system is the internal transport of nutrients, wastes, and gases. a. digestive b. cardiovascular c. respiratory d. urinary e. none of the above

b. cardiovascular

The area of the skin that contains blood vessels supplying the epidermis is the a. stratum basale b. dermis c. reticular layer d. hypodermis e. none of the above

b. dermis

A depression or concavity on the surface of a bone is called a a. trochanter b. fossa c. tubercle d. foramen e. tuberosity

b. fossa

The most unique property displayed by the skeletal muscle tissue is: a. the ability to repair itself after damage b. he ability to anaerobically respire c. the ability to contract d. the ability to use ATP as an energy source e. a and c from the above are the most unique

b. he ability to anaerobically respire

Which of the following statement are not true regarding the skeleton system in normal healthy adult a. healthy bone continues to remodel b. healthy bone involves more osteoblast activity compared to osteoclast activity c. about 66% of bone is calcium phosphate d. about 2% of bone is actually cells e. bone is covered by a periosteum.

b. healthy bone involves more osteoblast activity compared to osteoclast activity

Which type of cell is capable of dividing to produce new osteoblasts? a. osteocyte b. osteoprogenitor c. osteoblast d. osteoclast e. none of the above

b. osteoprogenitor

If a cell lacks mitochondria, the direct result will be that it cannot a. manufacture proteins b. produce substantial amounts of ATP c. package proteins manufactured by the fixed ribosomes d. reproduce itself e. none of the above

b. produce substantial amounts of ATP

The primary site of blood cell production is within the a. cardiovascular system b. skeletal system c. integumentary system d. lymphoid system e. none of the above

b. skeletal system

A joint that permits free movement is called a. a synarthrosis b. a hinge joint c. a synovial joint d. a synchondrosis e. an amphiarthrosis

c. a synovial joint

Which term best describes the forearm, the area between the wrist and the elbow? a. polex b. carpus c. antebrachium d. brachium e. axilla

c. antebrachium

Which of the following vertebral column levels has the thickest intervertebral disc? a. between C1 and C2 b. between C7 and T1 c. between T12 and L1 d. all of the answers are correct e. none of the answers are correct

c. between T12 and L1

What type of supporting tissue is found in the pinna of the ear and the tip of the nose? a. bond b. fibrous cartilage c. elastic cartilage d. hyaline cartilage e. none of the above

c. elastic cartilage

Which organ system includes all of the following testis, adrenal, and parathyroids? a. reproductive b. urinary c. endocrine d. digestive e. respiratory

c. endocrine

Which of the following is most likely to have a nerve pass through it? a. fossa b. process c. foramen d. condyle e. all of the answers are correct

c. foramen

The study of the tissues or groups of cells that work together is a. biochemistry b. gross anatomy c. histology d. electron microscopy e. phrenology

c. histology

Structures that connect bone to bone are called a. tendons b. menisci c. ligaments d. bursae e. cartilage

c. ligaments

The epiphyseal cartilage connects to the diaphysis by a narrow zone called the a. medulla b. lacuna c. metaphysis d. periosteum e. endosteum

c. metaphysis

Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except a. protection of underlying tissue b. excretion c. synthesis of vitamin C d. thermoregulation e. none of the above

c. synthesis of vitamin C

The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by a. the inferior border of the rib cage b. a sheet of connective tissue c. the diaphragm d. the liver e. none of the answers are correct

c. the diaphragm

Which type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder? a. cuboidal b. columnar c. transitional d. squamous e. glandular

c. transitional