Anatomy Midterm (Chapter 1,7,8,9,10)
This is the number of bones in the adult vertebral column
24
This is the number of pairs of true ribs
7
In order to stimulate skeletal muscle fibers motor neurons release the neurotransmitter....
ACh
Th opposite term for superficial would be
Deep
The anatomical position can be described as the body being erect with the arms held at shoulder level with the palms of the palms facing down
FALSE
The organ is the highest level of organization
False
An osteocyte is a
Mature bone cell
Anatomy is defined as the study of an organism
True
these structures separate one sarcomere from another
Z-line
the body section that would divide the right ear from the left ear is
a sagiyyal section
a group of cells that act together to perform a function is called
a tissue
This protein makes up the myofilament
actin
Another name for a compound fracture is
an open fracture
The heart is an example of
an organ
when using directional terms to describe the body it is assumed that the body is in this position
anatomical
Explain the difference between anatomy and physiology
anatomy-the study of the structure of the body phys- the study of how the body works
toward the front
anterior
The triceps and the biceps brachii
are antagonist to eachotehr
organization of the body
atom-H molecule-H2O cell-Skin tissue-blood organ-stomach organ system- respiratory organism-body
teh joints permit the wildest range of movement
ball and socket
In elbow flexion which muscle is the prime mover
bicep
Which muscle is used for elbow flexion
bicep
The substance stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum responsible for the cross bridge formation is
calcium
Which of the following is responsible for muscle relaxation
calcium is pumped back into tehe sarcoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following muscles is describe as striated and involuntary
cardiac
intercalated disks are found in the
cardiac muscle
wrist bones
carpals
The smallest living part of your body
cellular level
Actin i
contractile protein that is called a thin filament
transversal
cuts the body in half legs from head
farther away from the surface of the body
deep
the shaft of the long bone
diaphysis
This refers to the shaft of a long bone
diaphyss
this word is derived from the greek word meaning "cutting up"
dissection
away from the trunk or point of origin
distal
The 2 major body cavities are called
dorsal and ventral
this membrane lines the medullary cavity
endosteum
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
envelops the sarcomere myofibrils
The skeleton can still grow as long as there is cartilage left in the
epiphyseal plate
end of the long bone
epiphysis
The movement that is opposite of flexion is
extention
A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called an organ
false
Both cardiac and skeletal muscles have intercalated disks
false
Both smooth muscles and cardiac muscles have striations
false
Flexion is a characteristic of a pivot joint
false
Floating ribs are called "floating" because they don't connect to any bone
false
Growth of a bone can only continue if there is cartilage in the center in the center of the diaphysis
false
Sarcomeres are separated from each other by dark bands called myofilaments
false
Scoliosis results from an exaggerated lumbar curve
false
Tendons attach bone to bone
false
The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm
false
The cell is the simplest level of organization in the human body
false
The dorsal cavity includes the spinal cavity
false
The knee is distal to the ankle
false
The lungs are medial to the heart
false
The thick myofilaments in a skelatal muscle are composed of actin
false
The ventral cavity is one of the main cavities of the body
false
skelatal muscles are also called striated or visceral
false
the middle toe is medial to the big toe but lateral to the smallest toe
false
the skin is superficial to the muscles
false true Proximal ans the medial are opposite terms
the thigh bone
femur
this type of joint uses cartilage to connect the bones
freely moveable
The body section that would divide the nose from the back of the head is
frontal section
The human body tries to maintain a constant body temp. this is an example of
homeostasis
The structures are an example of this type of joint
immovable
toward the feet or below
inferior
This is usually the moving part of the muscle
insertion
The ____________ at the ends of cardiac muscle cells help to hold adjacent cells together
intercalated discs
Which muscle are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing
intercostal muscles
left lower quadrant
large and small intestine kidney liver
right lower quadrant
large intestine small intestine liver kidney
toward the side
lateral
Right upper quadrant
liver galbladder
freely moveable joints
make up the vast majority of the joints in the body and allow the most amount of movement
toward the midline
medial
This is the location in the long bone where blood cell production occurs
medullary cavity
the bones of the hand
metacarpals
the bones of the foot
metatarsals
A section that would divide the body into mirror images would be
midsagittal section
What forms cross bridge with actin
myosin
Acetylcholine is released in response to the
nerve impulse
A forearm is
opening
This level os made up of groups if tissues working together to perform a task
organ level
The level is the most complex unit that makes up the body
organ system level
This word is used to denote a living thing
organism
This is usually the non-moving attachment point of a muscle
origin
the bone building cels
osteoblast
Bone-building cells are called
osteoblasts
These are bone resorbing cells
osteoclasts
the bone resorbing cells
osteoclasts
bone cells
osteocyte
left upper quadrant
pancreas stomach
The tough connective tissue covering of the bone
periosteum
What is the strong fibrous membrane covering most of the long bone
periosteum
the bones of the fingers
phalanges
This is the word defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts
physiology
because humans walk upright the term dorsal can be used in place of the term
posterior
toward the back
posterior
nearest to the trunk or point of origin
proximal
With regard to skeletal muscle contraction, which event comes first in sliding filament theory
release of neurotransmitter(which is ACh) from the somatic motor neuron
one of the bones that joint 2 others to form the hip
sacrum
This is the function unit go contraction of a skeletal muscle
sarcomere
What is a serious of contractile units that make up each of myofibril; each unit extends from Z line to Z line
sarcomere
What is the site of calcium storage in a relaxed skeletal muscle
sarcoplasmic reticulum
this bone and the clavicle make up the shoulder joint
scapula
An abnormal side-to-side curve int eh vertebral column is called
scoliosis
frontal/coronal
separates the body from the face and the butt
With regard to skeletal muscle contraction, which event comes last
shortening of sarcomere
name the main groups that form the axial bones
skull vertebral rib cage
Another name for visceral is
smooth muscle
sagittal plane
splits the body through the middle top to bottom
Another name for a voluntary muscle is
striated and skeletal muscle
nearer to the surface of the body
superficial
toward the head or above superior
superior
The opposite term for posterior in humans would be
superior and/or ventral
Muscles that assist a prime mover are called
synergist
This structure is an extension of the sarcolemma or cell membrane; it perpetrates the interior of the muscle and carries electrical signal to the deepest part of the muscle
t-tubule
ankle bones
tarsals
What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
tendon
In the flexing of the elbow
the biceps brachii is the prime mover
in extending the elbow
the triceps brachia is the prime mover
the shin bone
tibia
In elbow extension which muscle is the prime mover
tricep
In elbow flexion which muscle is the antagonist
tricep
which muscle is used elbow extension
tricep
A frontal and coronal section are the same thing
true
A function of the skeletal system is to act as a storage area for calcium
true
A group of several diff tissues working together to perform a specific function is called an organ
true
Anatomical position is the reference position for the directional terms of the body
true
Anatomy deals with the study of structure, while physiology deals with the study of function
true
Another name for a muscle cell is a muscle fiber
true
Floating ribs join the coastal cartilage of the 7th rib
true
Growth of a bone occurs at the epiphyseal plates
true
If the body requires more calcium in the blood, the activity of osteoclasts would increase
true
In the vertebral column, the coccyx is inferior to the sacrum
true
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts have opposite functions in bone formation and growth
true
Tendons attach muscle to bone at both the origin and insertion sites
true
The abdominal cavity is inferior to the thoracic cavity
true
The ankle is inferior to the knee
true
The articular cartilage 2 functions: to act as a shock absorber and to reduce friction in the joint
true
The brain is located in the dorsal cavity
true
The medullary cavity is the cite for blood cell formation in the skeletal system
true
The model that is used to explain how a muscle contracts is called the sliding filament theory
true
The most important function difference between the male and female skeleton is related to its role in reproduction
true
The repair of a broken bone would increase the activity of the osteoblasts
true
The soft spots on a babies skull are called fontanels
true
The thin myofilaments in a skelatal muscle are composed of actin
true
The thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm
true
Unlike skeletal muscles, smooth muscle cells have only one nucleus
true
the elbow is proximal to the wrist
true
the skeletal system supplies a place for the formation of blood cells
true
one of the bones of the forum
ulna
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal refer to
vertebrae
This type of muscle tissue contains striations
voluntary and cardiac muscle
