Anatomy Skeletal

The interconnecting tiny arches of bone tissue found in spongy bone are called A) osteons. B) concentric lamellae. C) lacunae. D) trabeculae. E) interstitial lamellae.

d; trabeculae

BONUS: Bone is composed of ________ percent cells. A) 15 B) 25 C) 50 D) 10 E) 2

e; 2

Which structure is characteristic of spongy bone? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

e; 5

The central canal of an osteon contains A) lacunae. B) concentric lamellae. C) bone marrow. D) osteocytes. E) blood vessels.

e; blood vessels

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) gliding B) sutural C) pivot D) ball-and-socket E) hinge

e; hinge

Which of the following is a characteristic of bone? A) The matrix of the bone is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts. B) The matrix of the bone lacks cells. C) Narrow channels pass through the matrix to allow for an exchange of nutrients. D) all of the above E) only A and C

e; only A and C

The structural units of mature compact bone are called A) osteocytes. B) lamellae. C) canaliculi. D) lacunae. E) osteons.

e; osteons

Bone plays a central role in the regulation of blood levels of A) sulfate. B) calcium. C) iron. D) potassium. E) sodium.

e; sodium

Which of the following bones is classified as "irregular" in shape? 34) A) vertebra B) frontal C) patella D) ulna E) metatarsal

a; vertebra

Your hip and femur form a ________ joint. A) hinge B) saddle C) ball-and-socket D) sutural E) gliding

c; ball-and-socket

If the activity of osteoclasts exceeds the activity of osteoblasts in a bone, how will the mass of the bone be affected? A) decrease B) increase C) stay the same D) none of the above

a; decrease

The shaft of a long bone is called the A) diaphysis. B) lamella. C) epiphysis. D) epiphyseal plate. E) metaphysis.

a; diaphysis

Bones that develop within tendons are called ________ bones. A) sesamoid B) synovial C) tendon D) irregular E) sutural

a; sesamoid

The carpal bones are examples of ________ bones. A) short B) flat C) sesamoid D) irregular E) long 1

a; short

Small, oddly shaped bones that fill gaps between bones of the skull are called ________ bones. A) sutural B) sagittal C) tendon D) sesamoid E) irregular

a; sutural

The skeletal system functions in doing all of the following except A) thermoregulation. B) white blood cell production. C) calcium homeostasis. D) A and B.

a; theromergulation

Which structure is termed an osteon? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5 E) 6

b; 2

Through the action of osteoclasts, A) new bone is formed. B) bone is recycled. C) osteoid is calcified. D) an organic framework is formed. E) fractured bones regenerate.

b; bone is recycled

The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints. A) saddle B) gliding C) sutural D) pivot E) hinge

b; gliding

Which of the following are incorrectly matched? A) sacrum - axial B) ilium - axial C) clavicle - appendicular D) scapula - appendicular

b; ilium - axial

The humerus is an example of a(n) ________ bone. A) irregular B) long C) short D) flat E) sesamoid

b; long

The medullary cavity of bones contains A) compact bone. B) marrow. C) cartilage. D) osteons. E) periosteum.

b; marrow

Which is greater? A) osteoclast activity when calcitonin is present B) osteoclast activity when calcitonin is absent

b; osteoclast activity when calcitonin is absent

Articular cartilage functions in A) maintaining connection of synovial joints. B) preventing bone-to-bone contact within joints. C) attaching blood vessels to the epiphysis of long bones. D) aiding in homeostatic regulation of blood calcium levels.

b; preventing bone-to-bone contact within joints

Factors that are necessary for proper bone formation include all of the following, except A) vitamins. B) sunlight. C) hormones D) exercise. E) both B and D. 3

b; sunlight

What structure allows a bone to grow in length? A) lacunae B) epiphyseal plate C) periosteal bud D) trabeculae E) metaphysis

b; trabeculae

The hormones that coordinate the storage, absorption and excretion of calcium are A) growth hormone and thyroxine. B) estrogens and androgens. C) calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. D) calcitriol and parathyroid hormone.

c; calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Women have accelerated bone loss after menopause because of a sharp decline in the production of A) calcitonin. B) parathyroid hormone. C) estrogen. D) growth hormone.

c; estrogen

A rib is an example of a ________ bone. A) sutural B) short C) flat D) long E) sesamoid 4

c; flat

Bone formation is referred to as _________________. A) osteogenesis. B) calcification. C) ossification. D) hardening. E) remodeling.

c; ossification

A lack of exercise could A) cause bones to become longer. B) cause bones to become thicker. C) result in weak bones. D) cause bones to store more calcium. E) cause bones to lose their medullary cavity.

c; result in weak bones

Which of the following individuals would have more bone mass than an average adult? A) LeBron James B) Michael Phelps C) Mrs. Smith D) both A and B

d; both A and B

As we age our bones become thinner and weaker resulting in all of the following except A) loss of height B) fragile bones C) loss of teeth D) immobile joints

d; immoble joints

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone, A) interstitial bone growth begins. B) appositional bone growth begins. C) puberty begins. D) long bones have reached their adult length. E) the bone becomes more brittle.

d; long bones have reached their adult length

Cells that lay down bone building material are called A) chondrocytes. B) osteoprogenitor cells. C) osteoclasts. D) osteoblasts. E) osteocytes. 2

d; osteoblasts

Which of the following serves to attach blood vessels and nerve fibers to long bones? A) diaphysis B) epiphysis C) medullary cavity D) periosteum

d; periosteum