Anatomy Unit 6

The life span of an erythrocyte is about ____ days

120

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time

2

How many half-moon shaped, pocketlike cups are found in each semilunar valve

3

The globulins make up about ____ percent of all plasma proteins

37

How many globin molecules are found in a single hemoglobin molecule

4

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin

4

Plasma makes up about ____ percent of a centrifuge sample of whole blood

55

Which are functions performed by the fibrous skeleton of the heart

A B C D

Which are characteristic of Type O blood

A B E

Which leukocytes are granulocytes

A B E

Which are differenced between cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue

A C D

Which can be used to characterize blood flow to in the human body

A D E

Of the four "normal" heart sounds, the initial "lubb" sound is heard when the

AV valves close

An individual's hematocrit is dependent on his or her

All of the choices are correct

The cardiac cycle is

All the events involved with a single heart beat

Which valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle when the ventricles relax?

Aortic semilunar valve

Which are characteristics of leukocytes

B C E

Which are characteristic of type A blood

B C F

Which are characteristic of type Rh negative blood

B E

The sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle is

C D A B F G E

Which is going to result in significant agglutination

Donor is Type AB and recipients is Type B

The agglutinogens that determine the ABO and the Rh blood types are

Found on the surface of erythrocytes

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called

Hemopoiesis

Which analogy fits the human heart

It is like a double pump, each working side by side with the other

The function of the coronary sinus is to

Take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium

What are varicose veins caused from

The valves have become nonfunctional

The arteries and veins that leave and enter the heart are called the great vessels because

They have relatively large diameters

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones

Transportation

The epicardium is another name for the

Visceral layer of the serous pericardium

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

albumins

pectinate muscles are found on the

anterior wall of the right and left atria

Which structure marks the end of the left ventricle and the entrance to the aorta

aortic semilunar valve

It is the _____ that permits the compression necessary to pump large volumes of blood out of the ventricles

arrangement of cardiac muscle in the heart wall

The beginning of the cardiac cycle is when the

atria contract

The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to

both oxygen and carbon dioxide

Gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occurs between the ____ and the tissues of the body

capillaries

Valves in veins

cause venous blood flow to go in only one direction

The papillary muscles attach to the cups of the atrioventricular valves by means of the

chordae tendineae

Which action causes the closer of the right atrioventricular valve

contraction of the right ventricle

Cardiac muscle fibers

contrast as a single unit

One of the functions of blood is to regulate fluid in the body. If too much fluid escapes from the bloodstream enters the tissue, blood pressure will

decrease

The largest arteries of the body are classified as

elastic arteries

Among the constituents of plasma, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are classified as

electrolytes

As a venous pathway moves closer to the hear, the veins

get larger

As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries

get smaller

The carbon dioxide molecules that bind to the hemoglobin molecule are attached to the ____ units

globin

The reason it is more appropriate to call an erythrocyte a "formed element" rather than a "cell" is that erythrocytes

lack a nucleus and organelles

the base of the heart is formed primarily by the

left atrium

Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the

liver and spleen

the systemic veins carry blood that is ___ oxygen

low in

the serous fluid within the pericardial cavity works to

lubricate the membranes of serous pericardium

T-cells are a category of

lymphocytes

The layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle tissue is the

myocardium

The leukocyte that is very active during a bacterial infection is the

neutrophil

Usually the most numerous of the leukocytes are the

neutrophils

for ___ of the cardiac cycle, all four chambers are in diastole together

one-half

The heart valves

permits the passage of blood in one direction

The "buffy" coat of the middle layer of a centrifuged blood sample is composed of

platelets and leukocytes as a(n)

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies

protection

Which of the cardiovascular system's circuits has deoxygenated blood in its arteries

pulmonary circuit

Which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

pulmonary veins

As blood is pumped into the arterial trunks past the semilunar valves, it

pushes against the cups, forcing he valves OPEN

Which heart chambers pump deoxygenated blood

right atrium and right ventricle

The left atrium and left ventricle are part of which circuit of the cardiovascular system

systemic circuit

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions

systemic circuit

Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic of the newborn) occurs when

the mom is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used

Blood is correctly classified as a(n)

tissue

The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called

trabeculae carneae

The ___ is composed of an endothelium and a subendothelial layer made up of a thin layer of areolar connective tissue

tunica intima

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is the

tunica media

The ___ is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells

tunica media

The inferior chambers of the heart are the

ventricles