Anesthesiology E1 Quizzes

Hypotension (systolic arterial blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) occurs in about a third of patients receiving spinal anesthesia.

True

The optimal Bispectral Index Range (BIS) for a healthy patient undergoing routine general anesthesia and surgery is:

45-50

This concept emphasized the use of multiple drugs to produce unconsciousness and antinociception, provide skeletal muscle relaxation, and obliterate reflex responses.

Balanced anesthesia

Factors that decrease the MAC of inhalational agents include all EXCEPT:

Red Hair

This intravenous induction agent is the preferred agent for patients with hemodynamic instability and or myocardial depression.

Etomidate

The induction dose of propofol is ____________ mg/kg for general anesthesia.

O 2mg/kg

The term "anesthesia" was suggested to William Morton by Oliver Wendell Holmes in 1846 based on its Greek origin meaning "without sensation".

O True

Young students or nurses, who had little or no prior training, usually administered anesthetics before 1900., At this time, there was only a limited interest in promoting the study of anesthesia as a scientific discipline.

O True

Immobility is measured by the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of an anesthetic required to suppress movement to a surgical incision in 100% of patients.

False

These two gentleman were quick to point out the advantages of the tracheal tube.

Guedel & Macintosh

This inhalational agent is known for acute hepatic necrosis, sensitizing the myocardium to catecholamines but has a pleasant odor.

Halothane

The blood-gas partition coefficient of nitrous oxide is _______________ times greater than that of nitrogen.

O 34

A full E size oxygen cylinder contains about _______________________ L oxygen at a pressure of 2000 psi.

O 625

0.75 bupivicaine contains ___________ mg per ml.

O 7.5 mg

Nitrous oxide may be safely used in trauma patients with chest injuries.

O False

Volatile anesthetics are gases at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

O False

This person is known to have discovered nitrous oxide.

O Joseph Priestly

This stage of anesthesia is otherwise known as the excitement phase. Dangerous anesthetic events may occur in this stage such as laryngospasm, aspiration and occasional physical injures.

O Stage II

The fundamental concept of MAC or steady state potency refers to:

O minimum alveolar concentration for inhaled anesthetics

________________________ describes the processes of absorption, distribution, and elimination that link drug administration to drug concentration in the plasma and at the site of drug effects.

O pharmacokinetics

Commonly, two or three anesthetic-specific vaporizers are present on the anesthesia machine. What mechanism ensures that only ONE vaporizer at a time can be turned on?

O safety interlock

Anesthetic techniques that can lead to operating room pollution include: Check ALL that apply.

O the use of uncuffed endotracheal tubes O poorly fitting facemasks O flushing the anesthetic delivery circuit O failure to turn off the nitrous oxide flow or vaporizers at the end of the anesthesia O filling anesthetic vaporizers

A blood gas partition coefficient of 10 means that the concentration of the inhaled anesthetic is 10 in the blood and 1 in the alveolar gas when the partial pressures of that anesthetic in these two phases are identical.

True

A high cardiac output (CO) results in a more rapid uptake of an inhalational agent, such that the rate of increase in the alveolar concentration and the induction of anesthesia are slowed.

True

Modern anesthesiology practice often includes practice in care team models with providers that are experts in critical care, airway management, acute pain control, operating room management and direction of ambulatory surgery centers.

True

The World Health Organization specifies that cylinders containing oxygen for medical use be painted white, but manufacturers in the United States use green.

True

The circle system is the most popular anesthetic breathing system in the United States.

True

The skin can provide a depot of drug, resulting in continued drug delivery even after the the drug has been removed from the skin.

True

Ventilators with bellows that rise during exhalation (standing or ascending bellows) are preferred because the bellows will not rise (fill) if there is a leak in the anesthesia breathing system.

True

Which of the following anesthetics are contraindicated for intravenous regional anesthesia? Select two

bupivacaine and etidocaine

Which of the following local anesthetics has the longest duration of action?

bupivicaine

Disadvantages of the circle system include all of the following EXCEPT:

chemical neutralization of carbon dioxide

This drug was known as the "frst" local anesthetic.

cocaine

This ancient anesthetic technique involved applying pressure to the major nerve trunks.

compression anesthesia

This drug was considered the first neuromuscular blocking agent and was derived from the bark of certain vines in the primary forests of South America.

curare

The liver metabolizes drugs through oxidation and reduction via this system.

cytochrome P-450

Post-dural puncture headache is a direct consequence of the puncture hole in the dura, which results in the loss of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) at a rate exceeding production. Manifestations include all of the following except:

euphoria

Administration of this infusion could attenuate the effects of bupivicaine cardiotoxicity.

fat emulsion or lipid infusion

_____________________________ located on the anesthesia machine precisely control and measure gas flow to the common gas inlet.

flow meters

Arthur Guedel describes ______________ stages of anesthesia.

four

Factors that increase the MAC of an inhalational agent include all EXCEPT:

hypothermia

The pin index and diameter index safety systems are designed to prevent delivery of _______________________

hypoxic mixture of gases

These are the three classical opioid receptors.

mu, kappa and delta

This inhalational agent is NOT a halogenated hydrocarbon and is liquid at higher pressures.

nitrous oxide

Urgent treatment of a high spinal or total spinal anesthetic consists of all of the following except:

ondansetron administration

Which of the following local anesthetics is not an amino-amide?

procaine

The disadvantages of ether include all of the following except:

quick emergence

The ability of the large-volume uptake of one gas (first gas) to accelerate the rate of increase of the alveolar concentration of a concurrently administered companion gas (second gas) is known as __________________________

second gas effect

This inhalational agent is the preferred agent for smooth mask induction of pediatric patients due to its less pungent odor, fast induction and fast emergence.

sevoflurane

This is the only depolarizing muscle relaxant used for rapid sequence intubation (RSI).

succinylcholine