Animal Nursing Final study

How does high level disinfection differ from sterilization? All forms of microbes may not be killed when using high level disinfection. There are no differences in these two techniques. High level disinfection uses liquid soaks while sterilization uses gases. High level disinfection uses time while sterilization uses pressure. Temperature is more important when using high level disinfection than when using sterilization.

All forms of microbes may not be killed when using high level disinfection.

How do anal sacs differ from anal glands? Anal sacs are lined with anal glands. There is no difference. They are adjacent structures. Anal glands are lined with anal sacs.

Anal sacs are lined with anal glands.

There are three known fatty acids- linoleic, alpha-linoleic and Taurine Arachidonic Lysine Glargine

Arachidonic

Which of the following organizations establishes standards for pet food labels in the United States? American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) Pet Food Institute (PFI) Food and Drug Association (FDA)

Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO)

dissimilarity in corresponding parts or organs on opposite sides of the body that are normally alike.

Asymmetry

Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement.

Ataxia

a wasting away, a diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or part.

Atrophy

The act of listening for sounds made by internal organs to aid in the diagnosis of certain disorders.

Auscultation

Choose ethical issues that may be related to a digital radiography machine's internal technique chart. Choose all that apply. Increased scatter radiation causing higher dosimeter readings for employees Increased mA causing the images to be too dark reducing their diagnostic quality Poor image contrast causing non-diagnostic images High kV setting causing a higher radiation dose to patients

Increased scatter radiation causing higher dosimeter readings for employees Poor image contrast causing non-diagnostic images High kV setting causing a higher radiation dose to patients

In respect to their eating habits dogs are considered to be ______ while cats are considered to be ______ .

Omnivores Carnivores

What method of safely examining the sublingual region in patients' mouths was recommended by your McCurnin text? Open their mouth, grasp their tongue pulling it up and out to visualize the sublingual region. Press upward between the two rami of the mandible to assess the sublingual region. Use a tongue grasping tool to lift the tongue allowing visualization of the area. It is not safe to view the sublingual region in most patients.

Press upward between the two rami of the mandible to assess the sublingual region.

inactivated by organic material, low tissue toxicity, medium residual activity

Providone-iodine

Why should leading questions be avoided when obtaining a history? They bias the owner's responses. They cause the owner to forget what they know about their pet. They increase the time it takes to obtain a history. They cause the owner to mistrust the person taking the history.

They bias the owner's responses.

Care of a feeding tube and drain are similar in what way? They can produce drainage that can irritate the skin. They typically cause purulent discharge while healing. There are no similarities. The client can use soda to eliminate clogs. They include bandage care as well as tube/drain care.

They can produce drainage that can irritate the skin.

How should sharps at the veterinary hospital be safely disposed? They can be thrown away in the regular trash without additional precautions. They can be placed in a hard sided container and thrown out in the regular trash. They need to be placed in a sharps container and picked up by a medical waste company. They need to be placed in a hard container and picked up by a medical waste company.

They need to be placed in a sharps container and picked up by a medical waste company.

What purpose does a fluoroscope serve in veterinary medicine? To create slices of anatomy with static images To treat disease bone disease To create dynamic real-time images of anatomy To treat cancerous tumors

To create dynamic real-time images of anatomy

A product applied directly to an inanimate object. It destroys or irreversibly inactivates most pathogenic microorganisms, some viruses, but not usually spores.

Disinfectant

A person in the radiology suite wearing lead goggles, thyroid shield, apron, gloves and a dosimeter is as safe as a person outside the radiology suite. True False

False

CR cassettes are the same type of cassettes used for digital radiology. True False

False

Chemicals used to bath and dip animals are safe and do NOT require PPE to be worn by the person bathing the animals. True False

False

Commercial pet treats are formulated with balance nutrients similar to pet foods. True False

False

Commercial pet treats are formulated with balance nutrients similar to pet foods. True False

False

Dry food can be mixed with water and left for many hours without causing bacterial proliferation. True False

False

Equipment used to clean the surgical suite should be used in other areas of the hospital. True False

False

Homemade pet diets can be balanced by adding human vitamin supplements. True False

False

In the PDF Nursing Care for the "Down" Dog, recumbent animals are best described as animals that are lying down, but can easily stand and walk when prompted to. True False

False

It is appropriate to routinely use prophylactic antibiotics to make up for any asepsis breaks in a hospital's protocols. True False

False

It is dangerous to use the electrocautery unit by touching the its tip to a hemostat which is grasping a blood vessel. True False

False

It is easier to see radiographic density in tissues that are similar in thickness and mass. True False

False

It is permissible to place hands in the primary beam if wearing lead gloves. True False

False

Kidneys are fixed in the cat and move freely in the dog. True False

False

Large breed dogs need more calorie rich food during their growth phases than do toy breed dogs. True False

False

Lead gloves protect hands when laid on top of the hands. True False

False

Lymph nodes in patients under 6 months of age are normally smaller than those palpated in adults. True False

False

Mixing any disinfectant at a higher than recommended concentration makes it more likely to kill microbes well. True False

False

Removing clipped hair off the patient can be accomplished just as well using a hand or brush as a vacuum. True False

False

Significant protein reduction is recommended for geriatric cats. True False

False

Significant protein reduction is recommended for geriatric cats. True False

False

The Preventative Medicine section of the history includes the patients vaccines, microchip number and parasite preventions. True False

False

The Preventative Medicine section of the history includes the patients vaccines, microchip number and parasite preventions. True False

False

The number of pixels on the digital plate is more important than how they are wired together. True False

False

The skin inside the ear can be used to assess CRT. True False

False

Wearing long fingernails, acrylic nails and polish will NOT affect aspetic technique in the surgical suite because surgical nurses are wearing gloves. True False

False

X-rays only travel downward in a straight line. True False

False

Large meals should be avoided before exercise, particularly in large breed dogs, to minimize the chance of causing diarrhea vomiting Gastric dilatation megaesophagus

Gastric dilatation

The breakdown of circulating and structural protein into glucose is called Gluconeogenesis Lactation Hepatic lipidosis Hyperglycemia

Gluconeogenesis

What is the proper way to lift an animal. Hold the animal as close to you as possible; lift while using your legs not your back. Hold the animal as close to you as possible; lift while using your abdominal muscles not your back. Hold the animal slightly away from you; lift while using your arms not your back. Hold the animal slightly away from you; lift while using your legs not your back.

Hold the animal as close to you as possible; lift while using your legs not your back.

Choose the best example of open-ended questions. How much water do you think your dog is drinking each day? Is your dog drinking more water than he normally does? Does your dog eat dry dog food formulated for adult dogs? Did your cat vomit last month too?

How much water do you think your dog is drinking each day?

Choose any advantage(s) for double wrapping a pack. If only the outer wrap is damaged the pack is still considered sterile. The pack sterility is of a longer duration than a single wrapped pack. The pack drys faster during the final stages of autoclaving. A double wrapped pack is easier to handle and open during surgery. Steam stays in the pack longer during the autoclave process.

If only the outer wrap is damaged the pack is still considered sterile.

Choose a benefit of having the owner in the exam room with you and the patient for their presurgical physical exam. Increased communication between the owner and the patient. Increased communication between the hospital and the owner. Decreased communication between the owner and the technician. Decreased communication between the hospital and the patient. Increased communication between the owner and the technician.

Increased communication between the owner and the technician.

What effects can Toxoplasmosis have on humans? Toxoplasmosis causes blindness in humans. Toxoplasmosis causes deafness in humans. Toxoplasmosis causes an inhibition of limb development in human fetuses. Toxoplasmosis causes hydrocephalus in human fetuses.

Toxoplasmosis causes hydrocephalus in human fetuses.

What effects can Toxoplasmosis have on humans? Toxoplasmosis causes hydrocephalus in human fetuses. Toxoplasmosis causes an inhibition of limb development in human fetuses. Toxoplasmosis causes deafness in humans. Toxoplasmosis causes blindness in humans.

Toxoplasmosis causes hydrocephalus in human fetuses.

Adult cats and dogs are typically lactose intolerant and drinking large amounts of milk will cause them to have diarrhea. True False

True

Chemotherapy drugs can be absorbed directly through the skin and inhaled; they can be absorbed through direct contact with secretions from animals: urine, feces and other body excretions. True False

True

Chronic low level radiation exposure has been linked to radiation sickness and death. Wearing personal hearing protection is required when working in an indoor dog kennel for extended periods of time. True False

True

Employees fired for violating safety rules at work are unable to obtain unemployment compensation. True False

True

Employees have the right to point out safety issues at their workplace without fear of being fired or reprimanded. True False

True

Every digital radiography system handles dose slightly differently. True False

True

Feeding techniques used when animals are young affect their chances for obesity later in life. True False

True

Feeding techniques used when animals are young affect their chances for obesity later in life. True False

True

Grooming instruments should be cleaned and disinfected after every use. True False

True

In dogs the toe nail is a weight bearing surface. True False

True

It is necessary to call the client to check on the patient within 24 hours after discharge even when the client is given contact information and asked to call with any questions. True False

True

It is necessary to swab the skin above the venipuncture site to kill germs on the skin. True False

True

Leveling refers to density or brightness on the image monitor. True False

True

Mentation and gait assessment is considered part of the nervous system assessment. True False

True

Post operative client education should include contact information with a specific person to facilitate communication with the client. True False

True

Proper restraint is an important aspect of blood collection. Improper restraint can cause the vessel to be difficult to visualize. True False

True

The limitation of digital imaging is the pixel size, which limits the resolution. True False

True

The pH of instrument detergent is important to maintain the integrity of the instrument surface. True False

True

Unless a patient has a contraindication for exercise it is best for their mental and physical health to include exercise in their treatment. True False

True

Urine samples collected from litter boxes can be used for analysis. True False

True

When placing a urinary catheter it is necessary to cleanse the external genitalia and to don sterile gloves. True False

True

When placing the ear pieces of a stethoscope in your ears, the ear pieces should point towards your nose. True False

True

When thinking about digital radiography, an algorithm is a formula or set of rules used in calculations or data processing related to brightness and contrast of the image. True False

True

Choose the safety precaution for patients when using a fluoroscope. Stand out of the room to reduce your exposure to radiation. Set the machine for 1 minute exposure times to obtain diagnostic images. Use the proper lead PPE and stand as far as possible from the primary beam. Use the pulse function to reduce the patient's exposure time.

Use the pulse function to reduce the patient's exposure time.

The Right to Know OSHA law requires employees to do which of the following? Know all the clean up requirements for all the chemicals at your hospital. Read all the MSDSs/SDSs stored at your hospital. Know all the zoonotic diseases you may be exposed to at your hospital. Wear the PPE required on the MSDS for chemicals used at your hospital.

Wear the PPE required on the MSDS for chemicals used at your hospital.

The Right to Know OSHA law requires employees to do which of the following? Read all the MSDSs/SDSs stored at your hospital. Know all the clean up requirements for all the chemicals at your hospital. Wear the PPE required on the MSDS for chemicals used at your hospital. Know all the zoonotic diseases you may be exposed to at your hospital.

Wear the PPE required on the MSDS for chemicals used at your hospital.

Choose the best question to ask a client to assess their understanding of discharge information. What time should the pain medication be given today? Should you give the pain medication at 6 PM? When should you start the pain medication? Does the pain medication start today or tomorrow? Does the pain medication need to be given twice today?

What time should the pain medication be given today?

Choose the best explanation of windowing used in digital radiology postprocessing. Windowing refers to the size of the image. Windowing refers to the contrast range of densities. Windowing refers to the depth of the image. Windowing refers to the density range of contrasts.

Windowing refers to the contrast range of densities.

What is the characteristic of color?

a dye placed in the suture material to aid removal

What should a surgical nurse don when leaving the surgical suite? a laboratory coat a scrub top a surgical gown a jacket a smock top

a laboratory coat

When performing an abdominal palpation in a cat, which technique is preferred? a two handed technique a one handed technique a standing technique a lateral recumbency technique

a one handed technique

Choose the best definition of petechia. loss of pigment to an area of skin an area of skin that becomes darkly pigmented due to chronic irritation a purple skin lesion caused by a hemostatic defect a break through all the layers of skin

a purple skin lesion caused by a hemostatic defect

A smaller focal spot on the target creates a sharper image on the image receptor. a penumbra effect on the image receptor. more electrons and a stronger x-ray beam. less electrons and a weaker x-ray beam. a stronger heel effect of the x-ray beam.

a sharper image on the image receptor.

Choose all that apply. The geometric distortion called elongation is caused by an angled x-ray beam towards the object parallel to image receptor an angled object in the x-ray beam perpendicular to the image receptor increased distance of the object from the image receptor a parallel x-ray beam in relation to the object perpendicular to the image receptor a perpendicular x-ray beam in relation to the object parallel to the image receptor

an angled x-ray beam towards the object parallel to image receptor

Under what conditions would a dog be most likely to object to a fecal loop being placed in their rectum? an intact male dog over 8 years of age an intact female dog over 8 years of age a neutered male dog around 3 years of age a neutered female dog around 3 years of age

an intact male dog over 8 years of age

What equipment is used to assess the vertical ear canal of patients? an ophthalmoscope an otoscope a stethoscope a pulse oximeter

an otoscope

A product applied to the surface of living organisms or tissues to prevent or stop the growth of microorganisms by inhibiting the organism or by destroying them.

antiseptic

Mentation

any mental activity, including conscious and unconscious processes.

What type of blood sample would enable you to measure blood gasses? venous arterial whole Plasma

arterial

An absence of pathological organisms that cause infection.

asepsis

Choose the main focuses of the musculoskeletal part of the PE. Choose all that apply. assessing for lameness assessing for symmetry of limbs assessing for neoplasa assessing for color of integument assessing for toe nail wear

assessing for lameness assessing for symmetry of limbs

identifying only one ingredient (e.g. chicken) 10% for moist and 25% for dry foods 3% ingredient must be detectable by animal at least 70%

at least 70%

Chemicals should be stored in which of the following ways? in a locked cabinet in its original container at or below eye level on an open shelf

at or below eye level

rapid reduction of microbes; with chlorhexidine prohibits regrowth

avagard

Urine from a voided sample contains cells and debris from the lower urinary tract. What technique can be used when collecting a voided sample that minimizes these contaminants? catching a midstream sample catching the first sample in the morning obtaining the last sample of the day giving the animal water before collecting the sample

catching a midstream sample

When a technician needs to keep track of urine output what method of urine collection is used? catheterization manual expression voided collection cystocentesis

catheterization

Which route do the electrons travel? cathode to anode anode to cathode window to tube tube to window window to film

cathode to anode

Shaving a patient's surgical site with a hand held blade creates an easier surface to prepare aseptically. causes trauma to the skin increasing the chance for infection. is recommended for orthopedic surgeries due to increased asepsis. is a valuable skill for technicians to practice.

causes trauma to the skin increasing the chance for infection.

What is a common complication from force feeding patients a slurry with a syringe? getting bitten by the patient while placing the syringe into their mouth causing the patient to aspirate food into their lungs causing hypothermia by feeding cold food through the syringe making a mess with the food on the patient and cage

causing the patient to aspirate food into their lungs

When obtaining a blood sample from a patient with pyoderma what precaution must the technician take? disinfection of any purulent lesions on the skin in the puncture site disinfection of the patient's skin in the puncture site caution to avoid a puncture site where there are purulent lesions the puncture site must be scrubbed as it inserting an IV catheter

caution to avoid a puncture site where there are purulent lesions

Choose all that apply. Which items listed are types of suction machines? central vacuum electric machine air moving system alternating current vac-air system

central vacuum electric machine

What are typical feeding recommendations for lactating bitches? feed larger amounts of the bitch's maintenance dry diet add canned maintenance food to the bitch's maintenance dry diet change the diet to a canine growth and lactation formula feed a balanced homemade diet with added fat and vitamins

change the diet to a canine growth and lactation formula

Choose the disinfectant that is least irritating to tissue? chlorine based phenol based quaternary amine based iodine (iodophor) chlorhexidine

chlorhexidine

high effect against gram positive, low effect against gram negative, fair inhibitory effect against fungus, active against enveloped virus, minimal action against tubercle bacillus; active in presence of organic material; persistent effects

chlorhexidine gluconate

Urine used for a regular urinalysis, not for a bacterial culture, must be collected in a ____________ container. clean sterile laboratory metal

clean

Place the following scrubbing steps in the correct order to get you ready to don surgical attire. wash hands and arms with soap, clean the subungual areas of both hands under running water, rinse keeping hands above elbows, scrub hands and arms using timed or stokes method, rinse twice keeping hands above elbows, dry with sterile towel, don gown and gloves rinse twice keeping hands above elbows don gown and gloves scrub hands and arms using timed or stokes method wash hands and arms with soap clean the subungual areas of both hands under running water rinse keeping hands above elbows dry with sterile towel:

clean the subungual areas of both hands under running water rinse keeping hands above elbows rinse twice keeping hands above elbows don gown and gloves scrub hands and arms using timed or stokes method wash hands and arms with soap dry with sterile towel: wash hands and arms with soap, clean the subungual areas of both hands under running water, rinse keeping hands above elbows, scrub hands and arms using timed or stokes method, rinse twice keeping hands above elbows, dry with sterile towel, don gown and gloves

Which gloving technique is recommended for surgeries where a surgical gown is worn? closed gloving open gloving assisted gloving double gloving

closed gloving

The vein should only be punctured once to reduce the introduction of tissue fluid into the vessel. Tissue fluid (thromboplastin) causes clotting. infection. inflammation. Phlebitis.

clotting.

A device on the x-ray machine that limits the size of the primary beam is called the collimator window aluminum filter time switch voltage regulator

collimator

Pulse deficits are determined by obtaining an ECG obtaining blood pressure comparing HR and PR obtaining CRT

comparing HR and PR

Choose all that apply. Orthopedic preparation includes shaving completely around the limb. two clipper blades width from the incision site. up to the proximal joint and down to the distal joint. the limb twice to get rid of missed hairs. while the patient is in the surgical suite.

completely around the limb. up to the proximal joint and down to the distal joint.

Important characteristics of patient bedding include all of the following EXCEPT, which of the choices listed? disposable or easily cleaned consist of nontoxic materials are comfortable for the patient contain antimicrobial properties

contain antimicrobial properties

Choose the best definition for chemical cautery? corroding or burning of live tissue by use of a chemical agent to stop bleeding to stop the bleeding of live tissue by use of a painless chemical agent when the quick of a toe nail stops bleeding after using a chemical applying a chemical to a blood vessel to stop it from bleeding

corroding or burning of live tissue by use of a chemical agent to stop bleeding

Respiratory sounds typically heard when a patient has fluid in their lungs. crackles wheezes squeaks pops

crackles

To increase the chance for obtaining truthful information from the client you should include your beliefs and biases in your questions. create a rapport with the client and remain non-judgmental. tell the client about your experiences with your own pets. use leading questions to keep the client on track.

create a rapport with the client and remain non-judgmental.

What is the added benefit of including an indicator strip inside the pack when autoclave tape is already on the outside of the pack? ensures the pack contents (gauze and instruments)are sterile ensures contents were exposed to conditions needed for sterilization allows management to feel confident they are following federal guidelines allows veterinarian to adhere to licensing recommendations

ensures contents were exposed to conditions needed for sterilization

Which method allows for a longer duration of sterility? event related shelf life expiration date steam autoclave

event related

Choose all the complications of using a suture needle with an eye. excess tissue drag tissue damage compromising the strength of the tissue cuts through the tissue increases bleeding

excess tissue drag tissue damage

If a fractious dog is presented for a fecal sample collection the easiest method would be a sample excreted by the dog. obtained via fecal loop. obtained via gloved finger.

excreted by the dog.

While taking a history the patient should be exploring the room. contained in a carrier. kept close to the owner on a leash. in the waiting room. in a cage or kennel.

exploring the room.

What benefit do enzymes provide to instrument care? facilitating the break down of organic materials on the instrument surface maintaining the integrity of the instrument surface creating the proper pH of the cleaning solutions allowing the cleaning agents to penetrate instrument lumens

facilitating the break down of organic materials on the instrument surface

OSHA can fine employees for violations of workplace safety rules. True False

false

Steam is hot but it does NOT cause burn injuries. True False

false

Where can you obtain a pulse rate? femoral vein femoral artery dorsal pedal vein sublingual vein

femoral artery

Choose the part of the x-ray tube that produces the electrons. filament target focusing cup vacuum window

filament

Nuclear scintigraphy is used to view the ________________ of anatomical parts. form function size location

function

Choose the best answer. Before placing instruments in a pack they must be checked for functionality and wear. size and color. use and need. type and design.

functionality and wear.

Ringworm is transmitted by what means? cutaneous larval migrans: through direct contact only. fungal spores: through direct contact only. fungal spores: through direct contact and contact with clothing or objects. cutaneous larval migrans: through direct contact and contact with clothing or objects.

fungal spores: through direct contact and contact with clothing or objects.

Large meals should be avoided before exercise, particularly in large breed dogs, to minimize the chance of causing diarrhea vomiting gastric dilatation megaesophagus

gastric dilatation

What is recommended for behavioral health in 2-3 week old puppies? leave them alone to let the bitch care for them on her own make sure puppies receive appropriate vaccines on the correct schedule weigh puppies at least once a week to check for appropriate weight gain gentle handling to increase their ability to deal with stress

gentle handling to increase their ability to deal with stress

While obtaining fecal samples and working with feces in the laboratory technicians should wear the following PPE: (Choose all that apply.) gloves goggles apron plastic face shield

gloves apron

Appositional

good wound healing

The required PPE for a person using an ultrasonic scaler on an animal's teeth include all of the following EXCEPT which of the following? gloves goggles surgical mask gown

gown

The collision of the electron cloud with the tungsten target creates x-rays and _____________. heat gamma rays ultraviolet rays visual light infrared rays

heat

What is the main product of the reaction caused by the electron cloud hitting the target? heat x-rays electrons tungston Radiation

heat

Choose all that apply. Tungsten is used for the filament and the target because of the following properties: high melting point high atomic number low melting point low atomic number strength when coiled

high melting point high atomic number

Choose the type of system that is least likely to cause condensation to form on packs. high vacuum steam gravity displacement

high vacuum steam

What is a taper point needle type and purpose?

hollow organs, sealed suture line

A spleen is ______________ to a liver. hyperechoic hypoechoic anochoic echogenic

hyperechoic

Signs of protein deficiency include weight gain immunodeficiency urinary retention poor GI motility

immunodeficiency

Geriatric patients often present with degeneration changes that can increase/decrease their aggression. decrease increase

increase

If a radiograph is too light and the film is under-penetrated what setting should be changed and by how much? increase kVp 10-15% increase mAs 30-50% decrease mAs 30-50% decrease kVp 10-15% increase SID

increase kVp 10-15%

short wavelength=

increased penetrating power

A major difference between settings in small animal radiology and computed tomography is a increased time decreased time

increased time

Metabolism of excess amino acids increases liver and kidney workload decreases gastrointestinal motility causes refeeding syndrome stimulates pancreatitis

increases liver and kidney workload

A higher kVp setting affects scatter radiation in what way? increases scatter decreases scatter does not affect scatter directly increases scatter on the image receptor only increases scatter above the table only

increases scatter

Which type of digital radiography can loose data in the transfer of original image to computer image? indirect curved direct flat

indirect

Choose the two types of digital imaging available. flat and curved indirect and direct two screen and one screen computerized radiography and digital

indirect and direct

identifying one ingredient using the word flavor (e.g. chicken flavor) 3% 10% for moist and 25% for dry foods ingredient must be detectable by animal at least 70%

ingredient must be detectable by animal

What mechanism creates the diagnostic image when using nuclear scintigraphy? ionizing radiation from the gantry projected onto an image receptor injectable radioisotopes and a camera collecting the gamma photon bursts injectable radioisotopes and gamma radiation from the gantry gamma radiation from the magnets projected on an image receptor

injectable radioisotopes and a camera collecting the gamma photon bursts

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) uses what mechanism to create a diagnostic image? injection of a radioisotope that emits gamma rays uses sound emitted from a magnet uses a magnetic field that creates sound waves injection of a radioisotope that emits x-radiation

injection of a radioisotope that emits gamma rays

When looking for a low cost disinfectant with wide germicidal activity and some sporicidal activity, which of the following disinfectants would be the best choice? chlorine based phenol based iodine (iodophor) chlorhexidine Alcohols

iodine (iodophor)

When looking for a low cost disinfectant with wide germicidal activity and some sporicidal activity, which of the following disinfectants would be the best choice? chlorine based phenol based iodine (iodophor) chlorhexidine alcohols

iodine (iodophor)

effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, tubercle bacillus, fungi, viruses and some spores; inactivated by organic material; no residual effects

iodophors

Choose the best definition of pruritic. red itchy swollen inflamed

itchy

What affect does the kV setting have on the x-ray beam? kV controls the ratio of x-ray beams that are high energy versus low energy. kV causes the x-ray beam to move faster towards the patient. kV causes the x-ray beam to move more slowly towards the patient. kV controls the power of the electrons in the x-ray beam to penetrate.

kV controls the ratio of x-ray beams that are high energy versus low energy.

By what factor is the quality of the x-ray beam is determined? kVp mAs mA heel effect focal spot angle

kVp

What is the unit of measure used for energy in foods (nutrients)? heat kilocalories milliliters cups

kilocalories

The speed at which the electron cloud moves towards the tungsten target in the anode is controlled by kilovoltage milliamperage negative charge positive charge copper

kilovoltage

What setting on the x-ray machine causes the electrons to accelerate? kilovoltage milliamperage time line-voltage compensator rectification

kilovoltage

Choose the best description of moderate exercise when thinking about dogs. moving around in the cage or run. leash walks. playing in an enclosed yard. walking quickly on a treadmill.

leash walks.

How is a medicated bath performed differently from a cleansing bath? rinse three times to reduce shampoo irritation leave the shampoo on for at least for the recommended time (5-15 minutes) let the animal drip dry; do NOT towel dry cover more of the body, such as between the toes and on the face

leave the shampoo on for at least for the recommended time (5-15 minutes)

Excessive restraint can cause stress in a patient. What factors related to (blood) laboratory tests can change due to excessive restraint? (Choose all that apply.) leukogram cortisol glucose hemogram Lipemia

leukogram cortisol glucose

The bell piece of the stethoscope is designed for what type of sound? high frequency, as heard during breathing low frequency, as heard during some cardiac sounds softer sounds, as heard in pediatric patients louder sounds, as heard in large animal patients

low frequency, as heard during some cardiac sounds

Poor film-screen combination will mimic what setting errors? low mAs low kVp high mAs high kVp too short SID

low mAs

By what factor is the x-ray quantity controlled? mA mAs kVp kV seconds

mA

What setting on the x-ray machine controls the number of electrons produced in the electron cloud? mA mAs kV kVp time (s)

mA

When creating a new technique chart for you digital radiography machine, use the technique chart you had for 400-speed film/screen combination. What technical factor will need to be adjusted depending on the patient? kV SID mAs none

mAs

Which technical factors are combined in digital images to produce dose? mAs and kV mAs and SID kV and SID

mAs and kV

Choose the mechanism magnetic resonance imaging uses to create a diagnostic image. gamma radiation and gelatin imaging plates magnetic field and radio frequencies radioisotopes and gamma photon bursts ionizing radiation and digital image receptors

magnetic field and radio frequencies

Choose all the following that apply. For which of the following is the surgical nurse responsible? monitoring the patient maintaining sterility maintaining homeostasis opening packs and instruments pouring sterile water into a bowl

maintaining sterility maintaining homeostasis

Choose all lymph nodes that can be palpated in the normal patient. axillary mandibular inguinal prescapular popliteal

mandibular prescapular popliteal

Choose all that apply. What are ALL personnel in the surgical suite required to wear? mask cap clean scrubs sterile gloves shoe covers

mask cap clean scrubs

Choose all of the measures below that do NOT assess tissue perfusion. PR and strength T mentation mm color

mentation

Choose all of the measures below that do NOT assess tissue perfusion. PR and strength mm color CRT T mentation

mentation

Choose all that apply. While taking a history you can assess the patient's mentation gait temperament body condition Age

mentation gait temperament body condition

Choose all that apply. Suture patterns are categorized by method tissue opposed tissue layer sutured method of placement number of sutures type of material

method tissue opposed tissue layer sutured method of placement

The temperature of the tungsten filament in the cathode is controlled by milliamperage kilovoltage atomic number negative charge molybdenum

milliamperage

Why is distilled water preferred over tap water when cleaning and rinsing instrument? minerals in tap water cause instrument pitting tap water can be contaminated with bacteria distilled water balances the pH of the detergent ions in distilled water break down organic material

minerals in tap water cause instrument pitting

The guaranteed analysis listed on pet food labels lists percentages of the following nutrients. Choose all items that apply. moisture crude protein fat fiber vitamins minerals carbohydrates Sugars

moisture crude protein fat fiber

Bone is ____________ dense than muscle. more less

more

Choose all that apply. Before shaving a patient for a neuter the technician should double check the patient's name sex gender age breed

name sex

When preparing to collect blood a technician should maintain the sterility of the needle shaft syringe barrel needle hub syringe plunger

needle shaft

What precaution is vital when using an MRI to obtain a diagnostic image? contrast agents cannot be used with MRIs the patient must be bathed to keep dirt and other particles off the images no magnetic metal can be present in the room the patient must be awake to allow for the normal operation of body tissues

no magnetic metal can be present in the room

What is the purpose of the x-ray tube having a vacuum? no obstacles for the electrons while traveling to the target accelerates the electrons towards the target increases oxidation allowing electrons to travel faster the source of the electrons helps to absorb and dissipate heat

no obstacles for the electrons while traveling to the target

X-Ray beams have __________ mass and __________ charge. no; neutral small; negative large; positive small; positive large; negative

no; neutral

The most common nutritional disorder seen in small animal medicine. calcium phosphorus ratio imbalance obesity missing essential amino acids excessive protein

obesity

Choose all that apply. For what is a circulating nurse responsible? obtaining supplies opening supplies monitoring the patient handling tissues manage instrument table

obtaining supplies opening supplies monitoring the patient

When using a suction machine the suction tip and tubing is sterilized and wrapped. The circulating assistant hands them aseptically to the surgeon. What does the surgeon then hand to the circulating assistant? the suction tip gauze sponges lap sponges one end of the tubing

one end of the tubing

The body temperature can be evaluated at all of the following locations EXCEPT rectally orally aurally axillary region

orally

Choose the largest suture material listed below. ought (0) two-ought (2-0) three-ought (3-0) four-ought (4-0) five-ought (5-0)

ought (0)

Osteochondritis, hip dysplasia, panosteitis and wobbler's syndrome are all caused by the same nutritional problem. Choose the problem most likely to cause these disorders. overfeeding while growing calcium excess calcium deficiency underfeeding while growing copper deficiency copper excess

overfeeding while growing

Using the body condition scoring system from Bassett and Thomas (2014), what does 4/5 represent? very thin underweight ideal overweight Obese

overweight

Choose the best definition for tissue perfusion. oxygenated blood flowing to tissues through capillary beds unoxygenated blood flowing away from tissues through capillary beds capillary refill time a strong pulse character

oxygenated blood flowing to tissues through capillary beds

What is the most salient characteristic of premium grocery pet food brands? better-quality ingredients anthropomorphic appeal palatability all purpose foods

palatability

Choose all items below that should be listed on a patient surgical consent form. patient identification: name, signalment and descriptors all procedures being performed today on this patient the main procedure being performed today on this patient potential anesthetic and surgical risks to the patient. the surgeon's name the circulating nurse's name the owner's signature

patient identification: name, signalment and descriptors all procedures being performed today on this patient potential anesthetic and surgical risks to the patient. the surgeon's name the owner's signature

Choose an important aspect to monitor in geriatric patients related to adapting their environment to their needs as they age. patient's loss of sensory stimuli and mobility patient's loss of appetite related to loss of taste and dental issues patient's blood work values related to organ function patient's weight and body condition score as well as activity level

patient's loss of sensory stimuli and mobility

Choose the best disinfectant to use when there is organic material present. chlorine based phenol based quaternary amine based iodine (iodophor) alcohols

phenol based

When using monopolar electrosurgery you must: place a ground plate under the patient. use alcohol as an antiseptic. place an alcohol soaked gauze sponge under the patient. use chlorohexidine as an antiseptic.

place a ground plate under the patient.

inverting or everting

poor wound healing

Which type of wrap leads to the longest shelf life? linen cotton crepe paper pouches accordion pleat

pouches

Choose any of the following conditions that could complicate obtaining a fecal sample directly from a patient. prostate cancer, hyperplasia or inflammation anal sac impaction or infection colitis gastritis pyometra

prostate cancer, hyperplasia or inflammation anal sac impaction or infection colitis

If a cephalic venipuncture is not successful another venipuncture can be attempted in the same vessel. This second attempt should be placed _____________ to the first venipuncture. distal proximal cranial medial

proximal

How often should recumbent (down) animals be turned to prevent decubital ulcers and respiratory problems? q 1-3 hours q 2-4 hours q 3-5 hours q 4-6 hours

q 4-6 hours

Choose the fatal viral disease transmitted through saliva. toxoplasmosis Lyme's disease rabies brucellosis

rabies

In the interest of obtaining accurate information from the client, the technician may need to use ALL of the following techniques EXCEPT asking a question more than once repeating responses back to clients to check for understanding using non-medical language clients understand record the information accurately

record the information accurately

Spatial resolution improves as pixel size is _________________, but patient dose must be _________________ to maintain signal strength. increased; reduced halved; doubled reduced; increased doubled; halved

reduced; increased

Choose all items below that explain the importance of a patient's signalment. increases knowledge about the patient's behavior reduces diagnosis choices guides history allows reproductive counseling

reduces diagnosis choices guides history

A physiologic process wherein electrolyte shifts occur from extracellular to intracellular compartments as amino acids are reintroduced in called refeeding syndrome gluconeogenesis fatty acid synthesis anaerobic catabolism

refeeding syndrome

What affect does air have on sound? refraction transmission reflection impedance

refraction

Choose all that apply. What characteristics are useful for the material used to wrap surgical packs? permeability resistance memory rigidity impenetrability

resistance memory

Choose the area of a surgical gown deemed to be sterile. the entire gown including the front and back the front of the gown: chest down to the sterile field, the arms: above the cuffs to above the elbows the entire front portion of the gown except the edges gowns are not truly sterile

the front of the gown: chest down to the sterile field, the arms: above the cuffs to above the elbows

When an electrosurgical unit is used to make a surgical incision the incision heals faster. the incision heals more slowly.

the incision heals more slowly.

Percentages listed in the guaranteed analysis on food labels state _________________________________________ of nutrients. the maximum and minimum levels the exact amount a range of values the ease of digestibility

the maximum and minimum levels

What is the characteristic of structure?

the number of strands used to create the suture material

Choose the safety issue inherent in using nuclear medicine to obtain a diagnostic image the radioisotopes cannot cause a patient to be radioactive the camera can leak gamma radiation and must be leak tested before each use. the gantry is a gamma radiation emitter and must be measured using a Geiger counter. the patient is a radiation emitter via their body and excretions

the patient is a radiation emitter via their body and excretions

The best choice for the person to educate the client on surgical after care is the technician who cared for the patient in hospital. the veterinarian who conducted the surgery. the kennel assistant who reported patient problems. the receptionist who interacts with the client regularly.

the technician who cared for the patient in hospital.

What is the characteristic of memory?

the tendency for the suture material to return to a previously held shape

Neonates CANNOT perform which of the following items? nurse, which is why we tube feed them eat more often than three times a day make vocalizations and body language signals thermoregulate and eliminate on their own

thermoregulate and eliminate on their own

perineal scrub

three separate circular patterns: one to the right, one to the left, the last in the center, pattern is scrub, rinse, scrub, rinse, scrub, rinse

What is the function of oil surrounding the glass envelope in the x-ray tube? to keep the electrons and x-ray beam contained to aid in dissipating heat created by electrons hitting the target to maintain the x-ray tube's vacuum to help speed the electrons towards the target to facilitate the creation of the electron cloud

to aid in dissipating heat created by electrons hitting the target

Choose all of the following correct answers. Why is it important to review all medications and supplements a patient is taking before anesthetizing them? to avoid possible drug interactions to make necessary adjustments to the anesthetic protocol as a prompt for additional diagnostic tests to avoid possible clotting problems to let you know how well the owners care for the patient

to avoid possible drug interactions to make necessary adjustments to the anesthetic protocol as a prompt for additional diagnostic tests to avoid possible clotting problems

Choose all that apply. Why should every third suture be cut when removing a continuous suture pattern? to increase patient comfort to reduce contamination to increase healing to reduce scabbing to reduce overgrowth of skin

to increase patient comfort to reduce contamination

What is a taper-cut needle type and purpose?

tough fibrous tissue, cardiovascular procedures

Choose the best answer. A complication of using a suction machine in surgery is trauma to tissues. infection of tissues. inflammation of tissues. burning of tissues.

trauma to tissues.

Choose all that apply. What is included in the sequence of events in regard to a chief complaint? previous medical problems current preventative medications treatments tried for this complaint when the complaint started how the complaint has progressed

treatments tried for this complaint when the complaint started how the complaint has progressed

A technician can bring contagious diseases home to their own animals on their clothing and shoes. True False

true

Employees fired for violating safety rules at work are unable to obtain unemployment compensation. True False

true

To prevent puppies from learning to fear various situations and individuals veterinary professionals should address fearful behavior in puppies by doing which of the following? wait until the puppy feels better then give them something they want (food, toys) make sure the puppy understands its place in the social hierarchy use something the puppy wants (food, toys) to change the way the puppy feels use an aversive event (a loud sound, lay puppy on its back) to teach the puppy

use something the puppy wants (food, toys) to change the way the puppy feels

A cat's heart is typically ______________ compared to a dog's heart. ventral dorsal cranial caudal lateral

ventral

Ultrasonic waves are created by vibrating piezolelectric crystals high levels of electricity the use of M-mode the use of B-mode

vibrating piezolelectric crystals

Yellow fat disease or pansteatitis is caused by vitamin E deficiency vitamin E toxic effect vitamin B deficiency vitamin B toxic effect

vitamin E deficiency

Choose the easiest urine collection technique and one client can use. voided collection manual expression catheterization cystocentesis

voided collection

The sponge placed between the patient and ground plate of the monopolar electrosurgical unit should be soaked with...Choose all that apply. alcohol water chlorohexidine saline

water saline

Choose all that apply. Electromagnetic energy is found in which of the following forms? wave particle frequency wavelength energy

wave particle

Typically, 3 week old puppies can be offered a gruel of dry puppy food mixed with water. In which of the following situations would you wait to offer the gruel. Choose all that apply. weak puppies toy breed puppies brachycephalic puppies orphaned puppies

weak puppies toy breed puppies

Choose the best way to protect your skin when working with common veterinary chemicals. wash your hands immediately after handling the chemical wear PPE to prevent the chemical from having direct contact with your skin skin does not need protection from chemicals flush your skin with water after handling the chemical

wear PPE to prevent the chemical from having direct contact with your skin

What determines the order of ingredients listed on pet food labels? dry-matter basis weight nutritional value palatability

weight

When clipping a patient to prepare them for a surgical scrub the clipper blade should be held parallel with the patient's skin EXCEPT when creating a straight edge along the incision perimeter. the first time the clippers pass over the patient's hair coat. the final clip, in which the clipper should be held perpendicular. when running the clippers against the direction of the growth of hair.

when creating a straight edge along the incision perimeter.

When is the inverse square law useful? when the SID changes when the focal spot size changes when the target angle changes when the mA changes when the thickness of the body part changes

when the SID changes

Choose all items included in the General Management section of the patient's history. where and when the animal was obtained the environment where the animal spends its time daily activities of the animal the animal's diet and any changes the animal's regular behavior patterns

where and when the animal was obtained the environment where the animal spends its time daily activities of the animal the animal's diet and any changes

Why are soft brushes recommended over wire brushes for cleaning instruments? wire brushes cause scratches on the instrument surfaces soft brushes are better at removing encrusted debris wire brushes cause a reaction between the metals creating free radicals soft brushes reach into box locks and ratches with ease

wire brushes cause scratches on the instrument surfaces

Along with verbal instructions clients should be given written instructions. samples of medications. extra bandage materials. syringes. a technician's phone number.

written instructions.

Choose the mechanism a fluoroscope uses to obtain a diagnostic image. x-rays gamma rays electrons atoms

x-rays

Computed tomography uses what mechanism to view the tissue of a patient? x-rays sound radiographic isotopes magnets

x-rays

A dirty patient may need a bath before surgery to remove excess dirt. Why must they be completely dry before anesthetized? A wet animal is more likely to become hypothermic. become septic. create a drape strike through. contaminate the surgical wound. have a rough recovery.

become hypothermic.

Choose all that apply. What method(s) demonstrate a hospital's sterilization process is/are effective? biological indicators chemical strips autoclave tape patient outcomes

biological indicators

An orphaned puppy of 2 weeks needs to be fed. What type of food should you use? bitch's milk replacement queen's milk replacement human's baby formula a recipe using condensed milk and egg yolks

bitch's milk replacement

Radiographic density describes ________________ of the radiograph and is primarily controlled by ____________________. blackness; mAs differences; kVp thickness; callipers blackness; kVp differences; mAs

blackness; mAs

Which disinfectant loses stability quickly after it is diluted? nolvasan alcohol chlorhexidine bleach

bleach

A radiographic film that is too dark and is over-penetrated will exhibit which of the following visual clues? bone that appears gray bone that appears bright white anatomy that lacks density anatomy that is not clearly visible high contrast between bone and muscle

bone that appears gray

Choose all that apply. Which of the following are components of a suction machine? bottle tubing tip ethylene oxide gas

bottle tubing tip

What information is included in a patient's signalment? breed, age, sex and reproductive status name, description, gender and weight previous medical history, diet and preventative health measures body condition, weight and mentation

breed, age, sex and reproductive status

How is hypoventilation monitored in recumbent (down) patients? by monitoring respiratory rate and effort by monitoring heart rate and respiratory rate by monitoring mucus membrane color and capillary refill time by monitoring respiratory effort and mucus membrane color

by monitoring respiratory effort and mucus membrane color

Increased ability to penetrate objects and tissue

Low linear energy transfer (LET)

Choose the least traumatic type of suture attachment to a needle. swaged closed French eyed Half-circle

swaged

Choose the bacterial disease transmitted by ticks. Babesiosis Pneumonia Mycoplasma haemofelis Lyme's disease

Lyme's disease

Choose the bacterial disease transmitted by ticks. Lyme's disease Mycoplasma haemofelis Pneumonia Babesiosis

Lyme's disease

What is the characteristic of capillarity?

the ability of the suture material to carry microbes along its surface

Ocular discharge ________________ and ________________ should be described. symmetry color character amount

symmetry character

What is the characteristic of knot security?

the ability of the suture material to hold the knots

What is the characteristic of absorbability?

the ability with which the suture material can be broken down by the patient's body

What is the characteristic of tensile strength?

the amount of force in psi the suture material can withstand

What is the characteristic of flexibility?

the ease with which the suture material is manipulated

What percentage of the energy emanating from the collision of the electron cloud with the tungsten target are x-rays? 1 % 5% 10% 30% 99%

1 %

Using the equation to determine mAs from mA and time (in seconds), what is the mAs with these values? mA = 300; time = 1/30 10 100 30 330 110

10

identifying one ingredient including a modifier (e.g. chicken dinner) 10% for moist and 25% for dry foods 3% ingredient must be detectable by animal at least 70%

10% for moist and 25% for dry foods

A dosimeter should be worn under the lead apron the entire day working in hospital on a hook in the x-ray room during radiographic procedures constantly for a month

during radiographic procedures

Radiography contrast is to radiology as ________________ is to ultrasonography. echogenicity sound elasticity attenuation distance

echogenicity

Typically, the equipment used to obtain blood from a 20 lb dog includes: 22 ga needle and 3 cc syringe 27 ga needle and 6 cc syringe 20 ga needle and 3 cc syringe 25 ga needle and 6 cc syringe

22 ga needle and 3 cc syringe

identifying one ingredient using the word with (e.g. with chicken) 10% for moist and 25% for dry foods 3% ingredient must be detectable by animal at least 70%

3%

You have counted 8 inspirations and 8 expirations in a 15 second duration. What is the respiratory rate of this animal? 32 bpm 48 bpm 64 bpm 80 bpm

32 bpm

Peak lactation occurs when the puppies are 3 weeks old 4 weeks old 5 weeks old 6 weeks old

4 weeks old

Choose a typical SID used in veterinary radiology. 40 in 40 cm 30 cm 30 in 100 in

40 in

When auscultating the thorax for lung sounds into how many locations should you place your stethoscope diaphragm? 2 4 6 8 10

8

Testicles should descend into the scrotum, in most cats and dogs, by what age? 8 weeks 12 weeks 16 weeks 6 months 1 year

8 weeks

When an indwelling urinary catheter is placed and urinary output is being measured how much urine should be expected in a 40 kg dog in 2 hours?A normal patient's urinary output should be 1-2 ml per kg of body weight per hour. 80-160 ml 100-200 ml 40-80 ml 60-120 ml

80-160 ml

Choose the best definition for histograms when thinking about digital radiographs. A graphic display of an image within the machine's software. A formula that creates the image based on algorithms within the thin film transistor. A graphic display of an image within the thin film transistor. A formula that creates the image based on settings.

A graphic display of an image within the machine's software.

How does a bipolar system differ from a monopolar system of electrosurgery? A bipolar system requires a ground plate under the patient while a monopolar system allows the current to flow between the two tips of the forceps like handpiece. A monopolar system requires a ground plate under the patient while a bipolar system allows the current to flow between the two tips of the forceps like handpiece.

A monopolar system requires a ground plate under the patient while a bipolar system allows the current to flow between the two tips of the forceps like handpiece

Choose the best definition for the heel effect seen in diagnostic radiology. A variation of intensity of the x-ray beam such that the beam is stronger on the cathode side of the x-ray tube. A variation of intensity of the x-ray beam such that the beam is stronger on the anode side of the x-ray tube. The effect of the x-ray beam where it behaves as visible light fanning out from the target like a cone. The effect of the x-ray beam where it creates a less crisp image along the edges of its projected image.

A variation of intensity of the x-ray beam such that the beam is stronger on the cathode side of the x-ray tube.

Being exposed long-term to low levels of radiation can cause which of the following responses from your body? No response from your body as chronic low levels of radiation exposure is safe. The water within cells and tissue is damaged by chronic low level radiation exposure. Chronic low level radiation exposure has been linked to medical disorders and genetic damage.

Chronic low level radiation exposure has been linked to medical disorders and genetic damage.

Simple sugars and complex sugars are broken down to provide energy, which are stored in the form of ATP Linoleic acid Amino acids Protein

ATP

What do digital images look better than film images? edge enhancement spatial resolution contrast resolution screen brightness

edge enhancement

How does backscatter differ from scatter? Backscatter occurs after radiation has passed through the image receptor while scatter occurs above the table. Scatter occurs above and below the table while backscatter occurs after radiation has passed through any body in the radiology suite (animal and people) and bounces back through them again. They are different words for the same phenomena. Backscatter is less of a problem than scatter as it only fogs the film.

Backscatter occurs after radiation has passed through the image receptor while scatter occurs above the table.

Toxoplasmosis, when obtained from a cat, is transmitted through what means? By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which is how they are passed in the feces of a cat By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 1 day to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat. By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 2-4 days to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 1 week to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat.

By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 2-4 days to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat

Toxoplasmosis, when obtained from a cat, is transmitted through what means? By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 1 day to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat. By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 2-4 days to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which is how they are passed in the feces of a cat By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 1 week to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat.

By ingesting sporulated oocysts, which take 2-4 days to develop after they are passed in the feces of a cat

According to the AAHA Feline Life Stages Guidelines, a minimum data base for a geriatric cat would contain what tests? CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis, thyroid levels, blood pressure, chest radiographs, and fecal CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis, chest radiographs, blood pressure, retroviral testing, and fecal CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis, thyroid levels, ultrasound abdominal screening, retroviral testing, and fecal CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis, thyroid levels, blood pressure, retroviral testing, and fecal

CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis, thyroid levels, blood pressure, retroviral testing, and fecal

Choose the disinfectant with the longest residual effects. Chlorine based Phenol based Quaternary amine based Iodine (iodophors) Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine

Federal law, through OSHA, requires employers to create a safe workplace through which of the following means? Creating a hospital safety plan and training employees to follow it. Training their employees to be safe and finding them when they do not follow safety procedures. Providing employees with safety equipment and fining them when they do not wear it. Providing a hospital free of hazards and having MSDS/SDS for all chemicals in the hospital.

Creating a hospital safety plan and training employees to follow it.

Employees are responsible for ALL of the items below EXCEPT for which of the following? Creating a personal safety plan Reading the OSHA poster Reporting hazardous conditions to your supervisor Reporting job-related injuries or illnesses to the proper person

Creating a personal safety plan

Employees are responsible for ALL of the items below EXCEPT for which of the following? Creating a personal safety plan Reading the OSHA poster Reporting job-related injuries or illnesses to the proper person Reporting hazardous conditions to your supervisor

Creating a personal safety plan

If you are obtaining a urine sample for a bacterial culture the best method to use to obtain it is voided collection. manual expression. catheterization. Cystocentesis.

Cystocentesis.

What are fluoroscopes used for in veterinary medicine? Detailed imaging of bones and soft tissue for surgical repair Equine fracture reductions and for placing catheters, stents, and endotracheal tubes Small animal imaging of the central and peripheral nervous system Large animal imaging of reproductive tract and assistance with dystocia

Equine fracture reductions and for placing catheters, stents, and endotracheal tubes

How does gravity displacement differ from high vacuum steam sterilization? Gravity displacement machines create steam within the chamber while high vacuum steam machines force steam into the chamber. High vacuum steam machines create steam within the chamber while gravity displacement machines force steam into the chamber. Gravity displacement machines require a higher temperature while high vacuum steam machines require a lower temperature. High vacuum steam machines require a higher temperature while gravity displacement machines require a lower temperature.

Gravity displacement machines create steam within the chamber while high vacuum steam machines force steam into the chamber.

dose equivalent

Gy

A Sievert (Sv) is derived from the following equation Gy x quality factor = Sv Gy x thickness = Sv distance from focal point x mAs = Sv distance from focal point x kVp = Sv distance from focal point x quality factor = Sv

Gy x quality factor = Sv

Reduced ability to penetrate objects and tissue=

High linear energy transfer (LET)

A central component of hemoglobin and myoglobin molecule, which carry oxygen in the blood and muscle, is the micromineral Selenium Vitamin K Iron Molybdenum

Iron

Why is it necessary to obtain a HR and a PR? It is not necessary they measure the same parameter. It is important to measure both as they give unique information. OSHA requires both measures in patients. It is not necessary to measure both as one circulatory measure is sufficient.

It is important to measure both as they give unique information.

Choose the item listed that CANNOT be used by a technician to improve a canine patient's muscle tone and strength while reducing their peripheral edema? Keep them clean and comfortable. Take them for a leash walk. Give them a warm water bath. Give them a massage.

Keep them clean and comfortable.

To prevent rabies exposure technicians should do which of the following? Wear scrubs and closed toed shoes Obtain the preexposure vaccine and wear PPE Handle only vaccinated animals at their hospital Wash their hands after handling any animal

Obtain the preexposure vaccine and wear PPE

What instrument care must be performed immediately after the surgery ends? Organic material must be rinsed from the instruments. Instruments must be placed in the ultrasonic machine for cleaning. Sharps must be removed from the instruments in the pack. Instruments must be placed in a detergent bath at 100 degrees F. A technician must inspect all instruments for wear and function.

Organic material must be rinsed from the instruments.

What prevents mucus membrane moisture from being a reliable indication of patient hydration status? Panting drys mucus membranes masking good hydration status. Saliva production is not related to patient hydration status. Nothing. Mucus membrane moisture is a good indicator. A high swallowing rate reduces the moisture content of mucus membranes.

Panting drys mucus membranes masking good hydration status.

good activity against gram positive and less activity against gram negative bacteria, fair activity against fungi, virus and tubercle bacillus, minimally affected by organic material, residual a few hours

Parachlorometaxylenol

In what way are the anodes different in table-based (stationary) and portable x-ray machines? Table-based machines have stationary anodes where as portable machines have rotating anodes. Portable machines have stationary anodes where as table-based machines have rotating anodes. Table-based machines have larger anode target angles where as portable machines have smaller anode target angles. Portable machines have larger anodes where as table-based machines have smaller anodes.

Portable machines have stationary anodes where as table-based machines have rotating anodes.

After a blood sample is obtained it should be placed immediately into the proper tube. Choose the best process for this. Insert the needle into the stopper at the top of the blood tube and let the blood flow in by use of the vacuum inside the tube. Remove the needle from the syringe and the stopper from the blood tube, place the syringe tip in the blood tube pressing the plunger gently until the tube is full. Insert the needle into the stopper at the top of the blood tube and squirt the blood into the tube quickly to prevent clotting. Remove the needle from the syringe and the stopper from the blood tube, place the syringe tip in the blood tube pressing the plunger vigorously to quickly fill the tube.

Remove the needle from the syringe and the stopper from the blood tube, place the syringe tip in the blood tube pressing the plunger gently until the tube is full.

Choose the answer that lists the factors that determine the sharpness of the image. SID, OID, and focal spot size SOD, SID, and focal spot size kV, mA, and time kV, mAs, and SID

SID, OID, and focal spot size

Choose the best process for collecting a blood sample for culture. Wipe the area above the venipuncture site with alcohol, wait for it to dry then complete the venipuncture. Shave the area, scrub with surgical scrub, wipe with alcohol or other disinfectant solution then complete the venipuncture. Shave the area, scrub with surgical scrub, wipe with alcohol or other disinfectant solution, don sterile gloves then complete the venipuncture. The procedure for obtaining a blood culture is the same as any other blood collection procedure.

Shave the area, scrub with surgical scrub, wipe with alcohol or other disinfectant solution, don sterile gloves then complete the venipuncture.

Choose the type of surgical case where the patient shaving of the surgical site starts before the patient is completely anesthetized. emergency spay neuter thoracic abdominal

emergency

absorbed dose

Sv

You have counted a PR of 16 in a 15 second duration. What is the HR? 64 bpm The HR cannot be determined. 96 bpm 160 bpm

The HR cannot be determined.

You have counted a PR of 16 in a 15 second duration. What is the HR? 64 bpm The HR cannot be determined. 96 bpm 160 bpm

The HR cannot be determined.

What are the main advantages of PET over nuclear medicine? The PET scan creates a functional image with more accurate spatial resolution. The PET scan uses x-radiation instead of gamma radiation. The PET scan creates an image with more detailed anatomical information. The PET scan uses an injection that is not radioactive.

The PET scan creates a functional image with more accurate spatial resolution.

Once the needle is placed in the vessel the syringe plunger is pulled back to create enough pressure to pull the blood into the syringe. Choose all the complications seen when this pressure created is too high. (Choose all that apply.) There are no complications. The blood sample becomes icteric. The blood sample becomes hemolyzed. The vessel collapses onto the needle bevel. The vessel leaks into the tissue.

The blood sample becomes hemolyzed. The vessel collapses onto the needle bevel.

Choose the best definition for radiographic density. The degree of blackness on a radiograph. The degree of detail on a radiograph. The visual differences between adjacent tissue types. The thickness of body parts measured in cm. A measure of the intensity of the x-ray beam.

The degree of blackness on a radiograph.

What happens to the energy when radiation has high linear energy transfer LET? The energy passes through the tissue due to its ability to penetrate. The energy is transferred to the tissue through absorption.

The energy is transferred to the tissue through absorption.

Palpation

The examination of the body using the sense of touch.

How is the image captured when using a PET scan? The image is captured by computer pixels. The image is captured by film in a ring of cameras. The image is captured by bouncing the gamma rays back to the emitter. The image is captured by a ring of scintillating sensors.

The image is captured by a ring of scintillating sensors.

How is the imaging plate (IP) in a CR system prepared to take a new image? The imaging plate is flashed with a white light. The electrons within the photostimulable phosphors (PSP) become metastable when stimulated by the x-ray beam. The screen is prepared by waiting 6-8 hours between taking images. The imaging plate is covered with a laser from side to side.

The imaging plate is flashed with a white light.

How can kVp and mAs effects on the density of a radiograph be differentiated? The mAs setting also has a large effect on contrast. The kVp setting also has a large effect on contrast. Only kVp has an effect on density. Only mAs has an effect on density. The difference cannot be assessed visually.

The kVp setting also has a large effect on contrast.

What does the Santes' rule calculate? A change in mAs settings based on a change in SID. A change in kVp settings based on a change in SID. The kVp setting based on the thickness of a body part and SID. The mAs setting based on the thickness of a body part and SID. The time setting based on mA and kVp.

The kVp setting based on the thickness of a body part and SID.

Choose the best definition for tympanic membrane. The membrane that functions as the third eyelid. The membrane that grows over decubital sores. The membrane separating the external from the internal ear canal. The membrane lining the anal sacs.

The membrane separating the external from the internal ear canal.

Choose the best definition of mentation. The mental activity and acuity of the patient. The facial expression of the patient. When you have a mental advantage over the patient. The characteristization of the patient's ability to chew.

The mental activity and acuity of the patient.

The mA setting controls what aspect of the x-ray beam? The shape of the x-ray beam. The number of x-ray beams or photons The number of electrons in the x-ray beam. The speed of the x-ray beam.

The number of x-ray beams or photons

Contraindications for cystocentesis include: (Choose all the apply) empty urinary bladder. bleeding disorders. difficult to restrain. geriatric animals. kidney failure.

empty urinary bladder. bleeding disorders. difficult to restrain.

Choose the best protocol to ensure the surgical suite is kept clean and the microbial count is kept low. The room should include only necessary equipment and furniture. A daily schedule of cleaning and disinfecting should be instituted. Clean any organic material after each procedure. All surfaces in the room must be cleaned and disinfected daily including ceiling, walls and surgical lights. Clean organic material from surfaces after each surgery. Mop the floor at the end of each day with a cleaner/disinfectant. Before and after each procedure clean all horizontal surfaces. Vacuum and wet dust at the end of the day. The surgical suite needs to be cleaned on days when surgery is performed. Have a pattern of cleaning you use at the end of each surgical day.

The room should include only necessary equipment and furniture. A daily schedule of cleaning and disinfecting should be instituted. Clean any organic material after each procedure.

What is the function of the rotor circuit? The rotor circuit is used to rotate the anode in rotating anode machines. The rotor circuit is used to heat up the filament in stationary anode machines. The rotor circuit is used to pull the electrons across the vacuum of the x-ray tube. The time it takes for x-rays to penetrate the subject of radiology study. The rotor circuit is used to push the x-ray through the window of the x-ray tube.

The rotor circuit is used to rotate the anode in rotating anode machines.

What happens when a compressed gas tank falls and the regulator breaks off? The tank becomes a powerful rocket. The tank rolls over repeatedly. The tank lays where it fell. The tank will move slowly using the compressed gas as fuel.

The tank becomes a powerful rocket.

A commitment to adhering to aseptic technique and reporting, addressing and correcting breaks.

surgical conscience

Choose all that apply. When prepping a patient for surgery, in which situations would manual expression of the bladder be contraindicated? abdominal trauma bladder surgery thoracic surgery an amputation back surgery

abdominal trauma bladder surgery

Choose all that apply. Which of the following are advantages of using ultrasound over other diagnostic techniques? ability to differentiate fluid filled from solid masses ability to view patency of blood vessels ability to view distribution of lesions in tissue ability to view details in gastrointestinal tract

ability to differentiate fluid filled from solid masses ability to view distribution of lesions in tissue

An area of tissue beneath a hyperechoic feature will show what ultrasonic artifact? acoustic shadow acoustic impedance distant enhancement attenuation

acoustic shadow

Infections can be passed from the patient to people in the vicinity of the procedure by what process? Choose all that apply. aerosol direct contact indirect contact oral Infections cannot be passed during electrosurgery.

aerosol direct contact indirect contact oral

rapid effects against gram positive and negative bacteria, good activity against tubercle bacillus, many fungi and viruses, not sporicidal; no residual effects

alcohol

Having chronic exposure to waste anesthetic gas can cause spontaneous abortions and liver and kidney damage. These complications can be avoided by doing which of the following? use the safer anesthetics: isoflurane or sevoflurane. repairing any leaking hoses or connections. reduce the use of masking or box induction. all of the listed answers are correct.

all of the listed answers are correct.

Choose the best response. How does radiographic density affect radiographic quality? allows a range of blackness related to the rate at which x-rays are absorbed influences the beam angle in relation to the subject matter causes high contrast between tissue types reduces film fog

allows a range of blackness related to the rate at which x-rays are absorbed

Choose all that apply. Which of the following are advantages of using a high mA setting? allows for shorter time settings decreases exposure time increases amount of x-rays produced increases the speed of the electrons increases the penetration of the x-ray beam decreases intensity of the x-ray beam increases the quality of the x-ray beam decreases the size of the x-ray beam

allows for shorter time settings decreases exposure time increases amount of x-rays produced

Choose the common sites for arterial blood sample collection. (Choose all that apply.) dorsal metatarsal femoral lateral saphenous jugular cephalic

dorsal metatarsal femoral

Choose all that apply. Valid methods of suction used in veterinary surgery. syringe bulb syringe mechanical suction machine gauze sponges lap sponges

syringe bulb syringe mechanical suction machine

Choose all of the following criteria that are used to decide which suture material to use. patient size type of tissue strength required healing potential of tissue cost importance of tissue appearance type of packaging

suture material to use. patient size type of tissue strength required healing potential of tissue cost importance of tissue appearance

What are MRIs used for in veterinary medicine? the active motion of gases within the body are seen with acute detail the active motion of the fluids in the body are seen with acute detail due to the superior subject contrast, imaging of the brain, spinal cord, and soft tissue is enhanced due to the penetrating power of the beam, bones are particularly detailed

due to the superior subject contrast, imaging of the brain, spinal cord, and soft tissue is enhanced

When you increase the SID you _________________________ the intensity of the x-ray beam. decrease increase do not affect

decrease

When you increase the kVp you can _____________ the mAs. decrease increase

decrease

long wavelengths=

decreased penetrating power

A product that disperses and removes soil and organic material from surfaces. These products also reduce surface tension and increase the penetrating ability of water, thereby allowing more organic matter to be removed from surfaces.

detergent

what is radiographic contrast

differences between the appearances of adjacent tissue on a radiograph

Choose the best definition of acoustic impedance. differences in the way sound interacts with different types of tissues describes a type of tissue that stops sound causing shadows areas that appear black due to a lack of sound echos an image showing body tissue in a sagittal plane

differences in the way sound interacts with different types of tissues

Although there are many instrument cleaning protocols this protocol attempts to illustrate best practices as we understand it. Place the protocol for post operative instrument care in the correct order.: place in ultrasonic cleaning machine submerged in enzymatic cleaner diluted with distilled water; rinse off organic material under running water; hand wash instruments in instrument detergent with soft brush; lubricate with spray or bath; first rinse with distilled water; place in distilled water, enzymatic cleaner or detergent to soak; second rinse with distilled water; air dry

rinse off organic material under running water place in distilled water, enzymatic cleaner or detergent to soak hand wash instruments in instrument detergent with soft brush first rinse with distilled water place in ultrasonic cleaning machine submerged in enzymatic cleaner diluted with distilled water second rinse with distilled water air dry lubricate with spray or bath

When items are disinfected using high level disinfection what must happen before they are used on patients? The item must be rinsed with sterile water. dried completely and stored in its case. handled carefully to avoid breaking the fiber optics. flash sterilized immediately before use. wrapped in sterile packaging.

rinsed with sterile water.

Which item(s) is/are complications for anal sac expression? getting bitten and scratched vomiting and diarrhea pruritus and scooting rupture of anal sac and perforation of rectum

rupture of anal sac and perforation of rectum

A complication of manual expression for urine collection is blood in the urine sample. rupture of the bladder. cells from the upper urinary tract in the sample. tensing of the urethral sphincter.

rupture of the bladder.

Which of the following ear cleaning solutions are safe to use in an ear with a ruptured tympanic membrane? saline hydrogen peroxide dioctyl sodium succinate (Cerusol) chlorohexidine

saline

The mandibular lymph nodes can be confused with salivary glands musculature under the jaw blood vessels connective tissue

salivary glands

Choose all that apply. Personal protection equipment worn in the x-ray room protects personnel from scatter radiation secondary radiation the primary beam primary radiation bite injuries

scatter radiation secondary radiation

Choose all the ways a person can be exposed to radiation from an x-ray machine. scatter radiation the primary beam x-ray leaks from the tube housing developing x-ray film handling x-ray film post exposure

scatter radiation the primary beam x-ray leaks from the tube housing

orthopedic scrub

scrub from distal to proximal moving circumferentially, as sponge dries discard and obtain new sponge, pattern is scrub, scrub, scrub, rinse

Fecal samples, if not examined immediately, should be stored by placing in a sealed container in the refrigerator. sealed container at room temperature. glass tube with nutrient broth. glass tube with no additives.

sealed container in the refrigerator.

A calcium deficiency can result in secondary hyperparathyroidism urinary calculi refeeding syndrome renal insufficiency

secondary hyperparathyroidism

Choose the reasons for arterial catheter placement. (Choose all that apply.) serial blood gasses continuous blood pressure serial blood glucoses continuous blood pH serial blood pH

serial blood gasses continuous blood pressure serial blood glucoses serial blood pH

The electron cloud must impact the tungsten target at high speed to create an x-ray beam containing short wavelengths long wavelengths various wavelengths penetrating particles small particles

short wavelengths

X-Rays have a ______________ wavelength than visible light. shorter longer higher wider Lower

shorter

What is a cutting-edge and reverse cutting needle type and purpose?

skin, can compromise strength of tissue

Ultrasound uses _______________ waves to access tissue differences. sound heat x-ray echo voxel

sound

X-rays are to radiology as ___________________ are to ultrasonography. sound waves piezoelectric crystals modes echos

sound waves

When auscultating the heart a technician should assess all of the following. Choose all that apply. sounds rhythm rate color character

sounds rhythm rate

What does SID mean? source-image distance standard-imaging direction single-image distance source-imaging direction standard-image distance

source-image distance

A patient's signalment includes all of the following EXCEPT species breed sex reproductive status

species

target scrub

start at incision site move in circular motion towards edges of shaved site, discard sponge when contacts edge or hair, pattern is scrub, rinse, scrub, rinse, scrub, rinse

an absence of all living organisms and spores.

sterile

The area around, above and including a sterile object.

sterile field

Refers to the process, either physical or chemical, that destroys or eliminates all forms of life, especially microorganisms.

sterilization

When using CR imaging, the purpose of the screen in the cassette is to... store the image. increase film detail. reduce scatter radiation. increase film density. increase film contrast.

store the image.

Choose a main characteristic of a Ford interlocking suture pattern. strength flexibility fast easy Simple

strength

How do subcutaneous and subcuticular suture patterns differ? subcutaneous requires skin sutures; subcuticular does not subcuticular require skin sutures; subcutaneous does not subcutaneous is a continuous pattern; subcuticular is an interrupted pattern subcuticular is a continuous pattern; subcutaneous is an interrupted pattern

subcutaneous requires skin sutures; subcuticular does not

differences in thickness and mass of adjacent anatomical structures

subject contrast