Anthro Unit 1 Exam Study

Which of the following areas of study have contributed to the modern, or Synthetic Theory of Evolution?

DNA research Taxonomy Genetics ---All of these

Which of the following species were not used as examples by Charles Darwin in his discussions of natural selection?

Dinosaurs

Genetic mutations can never be good.

False

Gregor Mendel, the "Father of Genetics," studied which organisms in his famous breeding experiments?

Garden peas

The study of the skeleton is known as __________.

Osteology

According to biological anthropology, humans are primates and are the products of millions of years of evolution by natural selection.

True

Females are usually only carriers of X-linked disorders.

True

Mitochondria have their own DNA separate from that within the cell's nucleus.

True

Permanent changes in the DNA of a cell are called mutations.

True

Virtually every cell of the body contains the same copy of DNA.

True

The basic building block of life is the __________.

cell

An allele that needs to be present on only one chromosomal locus to be expressed is called a _________ allele.

dominant

The __________ are directly involved in reproduction.

gametes

When populations migrate, their genes are experiencing __________.

gene flow

A change in the frequency of a gene in a population over time due to entirely random factors is called __________.

genetic drift

In some cases, the __________ interacts with factors in the environment to create a __________.

genotype, phenotype

Mutations during meiosis are especially important because they __________.

may be inherited

In most eukaryotic cells, the most prominent structure is the __________.

nucleus

Natural selection works on the __________ of an individual organism.

phenotype

The observable physical features of an organism comprise its __________.

phenotype

Traits that occur as a continuum in a population are likely to be due to __________.

polygenic inheritance

The two main functions of DNA are __________.

protein synthesis and cell reproduction

Which of the following best defines the term genotype?

the actual alleles an organism carries

A paleoanthropologist is likely to study __________.

the fossil remains of humankind and its ancestors

Forensic anthropologists study __________.

the identification of skeletal remains and the means by which individuals have died

Which of the following best defines anthropology?

the study of humankind in all its forms

Which of the following best defines the concept of ancestral characters?

traits shared between species due to a shared evolutionary history

Classical geneticists focus more on __________ than __________.

traits, molecules

An individual who is homozygous for a gene has __________.

two of the same alleles for that gene