AP 8.0 Special Senses

The transparent portion portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the_______.

Cornea

Transparent portion of the fibrous layer

Cornea

Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?

Cornea, Aqueous humor lens, Vitreous humor

Which one of the following nerves serves the anterior tongue?

Facial

The 3 cranial nerves that carry taste sensations to the brain are ______.

Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagas

Area of greatest visual activity

Fovea centralis

Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness

Glaucoma

Hearing receptors within the spinal organ of Corti are called ________.

Hair cells

Loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes from damage to the visual cortex on one side only is called_______.

Hemianopia

Eyeball is "too short"

Hyperopia

Fluid-filled part of the ear

Inner ear

Which of the external eye muscles is controlled by cranial nerve VI (abducens)?

Lateral Rectus

Identify the pathway of vibrations as they travel from the tympanic membrane to the ossicles__________.

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

An ear infection following an illness such as a cold can pass from the throat through the auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube to the ______________.

Middle ear

Location of the ossicles

Middle ear

Location of the pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

Middle ear

Tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from this region

Middle ear

Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the _______.

Movement of otoliths along hair cells

Nearsightedness

Myopia

Blind spot

Optic disc

Which area of the retina lacks robs and cones and therefore does not detect images?

Optic disc (blind spot)

Select the pathway along which images received by the eye will travel into the brain ______.

Optic nerve, Optic chiasma, Optic tracts, Thalamus, Optic radiation, Occipital lobe

The fusion of ear bones is known as___________.

Otosclerosis

Location of ceruminous glands

Outer ear

Location of the auricle(pinna) and external acoustic meatus

Outer ear

The small, peglike projections of the tongue's surface are called _______.

Papillae

The age-related condition resulting from decrease lens elasticity is known as ________.

Presbyopia

The inner most sensory layer of the eye that contains bipolar cells and ganglion cells is the ________.

Retina

Which layer of the eye contains rods and cones?

Retina

Alkaloids is with what receptors?

Salty receptors

"white of the eyes"

Sclera

Dynamic equilibrium receptors are found in the _______.

Semicircular canals

Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about the angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the ________.

Semicircular canals

Gustatory hairs are to taste as olfactory hairs are to _________.

Smell

Oranges and tomatoes is with what receptors?

Sour receptors

Hair cells that function as hearing receptors are located within the_________.

Spinal organ of Corti

"Crossed eyes" resulting from unequal control of the external eye muscle is called ________.

Strabismus

Sugar and saccharine is with what receptors?

Sweet receptors

TheExternal acoustic meatus (auditory canal) is a narrow chamber situated in the __________ bone.

Temporal

Sound waves entering the external auditory canal hit the eardrum, also known as the_________.

Tympanic membrane

The structure that divides the outer ear from the middle ear is a membrane known as the________.

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Proteins is with what receptors?

Umami Receptors

Amino acid glutamate is with what receptors?

Umami receptors

Which one of the cranial nerves is not involved in either taste or smell?

Vestibular (VIII)

Static equilibrium receptors are located in the _________.

Vestibule

Which cranial nerve transmits hearing and equilibrium information to the brain?

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

The only special sense that is NOT fully functional at birth is ________.

Vision

Type of humor located in the posterior segment

Vitreous humor

The gel-like substance housed in the posterior segment of the eye is the _______.

Vitreous humor (body)

The ability of the eye to focus on close objects is known as_____.

Accommodation

Blurry images due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens

Astigmatism

Which of the following is associated with the external (outer) ear?

Auricle (pinna)

Which of the following is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males?

Color blindness

Type of photoreceptor cell that detects color

Cones

The membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids is the ________.

Conjunctiva

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Conjunctivitis

The greatest visual acuity is housed in the ________.

Forever centralis

The auditory ossicle called the "anvil" is also known as the_______.

Incus

Location of equilibrium receptors

Inner ear

Location of otoliths

Inner ear

Location of vestibular apparatus

Inner ear

Location the cochlear

Inner ear

The pigment of the eye that has a rounded opening through which light passes is the_______.

Iris

The pupil is an opening within_____.

Iris

The ________ glands is located above the lateral end of each eye and releases tears.

Lacrimal

What gland releases tears onto the anterior surface of the eyeball?

Lacrimal

Gland that releases tears

Lacrimal gland

Stimulation of sour receptors occurs in response to ______.

Lemons

Flexible biconvex crystal-like structure

Lens

The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ___________.

Lens

What structure of the eye focuses light on the retina?

Lens

The vibration of sound waves cause the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to move against on ossicle known as ________.

Malleus (hammer)

The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or _______.

Myopia

Prolonged vitamin A deficiency results in deterioration of the neural retina

Night blindness

Vitamin A deficiency can lead to_______.

Night blindness

The type of chemoreceptor responsible for our sense of smell is called an _______.

Olfactory receptor

Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain at the_______.

Optic Chiasma

The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the _______.

Optic Disc (Blind Spot)

Tiny stones made of calcium salts that roll in response to changes in gravitational pull are called________.

Otoliths

The function of the choroid layer of the eye is to _____.

Prevent light from scattering inside the eye

Which one of the following is NOT a primary taste sensation?

Pungent

The round opening of the iris through which light enters the eye is called the______.

Pupil

Contains millions of photoreceptors

Retina

The fibrous covering of the eye that consists of the white outer layer, known as the ___________, and a transparent portion known as the _________.

Sclera ; Cornea

The aqueous humor of the eye is reabsorbed into venous blood through the________.

Scleral venous sinus (canal of schwann)

______ deafness arises when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory cortex of the brain.

Sensorineural

The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the ________.

Vitreous humor (vitreous body)

The 3 sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wavelengths of visible light that are _______.

Blue, Green and Red

The 5 taste sensations are _________.

Sweet, Sour, Bitter, Salty, Umami

The cochlear nerve transmits impulses to the auditory cortex located in the _______.

Temporal lobe