AP Bio Chapter 3

Methanol can be converted to which of the following with heat ibuprofen formaldehyde Acetic Acid Salicylic Acid

formaldehyde

Chitin is a polysaccharide with ____ atoms attached to the glucose backbone. magnesium phosphorus potassium nitrogen sulfur

nitrogen

Triglycerides have ____ tail(s). 1 2 3 4 5

3

Sterols have no fatty-acid component. consist of four rings. may have different numbers, types, and positions of functional groups attached to them. are a specialized type of lipid. are all of these.

are all of these.

Glucose and ribose have the same number of carbon atoms. have the same structural formulas. are the two components of sucrose. are monosaccharides. are both components of RNA.

are monosaccharides.

Sucrose is composed of two molecules of fructose. two molecules of glucose. a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose. a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose. a monosaccharide and a disaccharide.

a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in cell walls. a component of cell membranes. an oligosaccharide. formed by hydrolysis of monosaccharides. a component of invertebrate exoskeletons.

a polysaccharide found in cell walls.

Trans fats are found in small amounts in red meats. large amounts in partially hydrogenated oils. chocolate. alcoholic drinks. a, b, and c are correct.

a, b, and c are correct.

The secondary structure of proteins may take the form of twists. bends. loops. folds. all of these.

all of these.

The sequence of amino acids is the ____ structure of proteins. primary secondary tertiary quaternary stereo

primary

Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by animals. plants. protistans. bacteria. fungi.

animals

Nucleotides are the building blocks for proteins. steroids. lipids. ATP, NAD+, and FAD. carbohydrates.

ATP, NAD+, and FAD.

All carbon atoms in all organic molecules can be traced to Sterols Starch Glucose Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide

A popular artificial sweetener fully saturates a sugar molecule with Na N H Cl

Cl

The R group found in amino acids consists of an amine group. a hydroxyl group. a carboxyl group. at least a hydrogen atom. an amine group and a carboxyl group.

at least a hydrogen atom.

Hardening of the arteries is also known as atherosclerosis. apoptosis. abuildosis. keritosis. all of these.

atherosclerosis

A hydrolysis reaction results in formation of a macromolecule. bond breakage of a macromolecule. lipid molecule creation. nucleic acids being made. most macromolecules.

bond breakage of a macromolecule.

Oils are liquid at room temperatures. unsaturated fats. found only in animals. complex carbohydrates. both liquid at room temperature and unsaturated fats.

both liquid at room temperature and unsaturated fats.

Fructose and glucose are isotopes. monosaccharides. disaccharides. six-carbon sugars. both monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars.

both monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars.

Oligosaccharides are used as transport molecules in plants. storage compounds in both plants and animals. side chains on proteins and lipids. monomers to form polysaccharides. both transport molecules in plants and as side chains on proteins and lipids.

both transport molecules in plants and as side chains on proteins and lipids.

Which of the following includes all the others? sucrose glucose cellulose glycogen carbohydrate

carbohydrate

The atom present in all organic compounds is carbon. oxygen. nitrogen. sulfur. hydrogen.

carbon

A -COOH group is a(n) ____ group. carboxyl hydroxyl amino methyl carbonyl

carboxyl

Fats are major constituents of proteins. genes. photosynthesis. cell membranes. all of these.

cell membranes.

Four of the five substances listed below are polysaccharides. Select the exception. chitin cellulose collagen starch glycogen

collagen

All sterols have the same number of double bonds. one or more fatty acids. four rings of carbon to which other atoms are attached. the same functional groups. the same number and positions of double bonds.

four rings of carbon to which other atoms are attached.

Mucin (MUC1) is a starch protein glycoprotein Monosaccaride

glycoprotein

Polyunsaturated fats have fewer hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats. are more characteristic of animal fats than plant fats. have no double bonds. are solid at room temperature. are none of these.

have fewer hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats.

Four of the five substances listed below are lipids. Select the exception. triglyceride wax butter hemoglobin steroid

hemoglobin

The combination of glucose and galactose forms fructose. maltose. lactose. sucrose. a polysaccharide.

lactose

If the cuticle were removed from an apple while leaving the skin intact, the apple would lose water and dehydrate. rot immediately. lose its color. begin to swell as it absorbs moisture from the air. do all of these.

lose water and dehydrate.

Which of the following are least likely to mix with nonpolar substances? phospholipids polysaccharides unsaturated fats sterols saturated fats

polysaccharides

Which of the following is NOT found in every nucleic acid? ribose a phosphate group a single-ring base a double-ring base nitrogen

ribose

Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form of starch. glycogen. glucose. cellulose. fats.

starch

Which is NOT a monosaccharide? glucose fructose deoxyribose starch ribose

starch

The most plentiful sugar in nature is glucose. sucrose. fructose. maltose. lactose.

sucrose

Condensation and hydrolysis are accomplished in cells by bonding attraction. the action of enzymes. spontaneous action. functional group interactions. all of these.

the action of enzymes.

Cholesterol is synthesized in the large intestine. remodeled into vitamin A. used in the construction of cell membranes. a component of plant cell walls. all of these.

used in the construction of cell membranes.

The sixth amino acid in normal hemoglobin is glutamate, but it is replaced by ____ in sickle-cell anemia. histidine proline leucine valine threonine

valine

Sugar dissolves in water because sugar is a nonpolar molecule. water forms hydrogen bonds with its hydroxyl groups. sugar forms rings when it is hydrated. water hydrolyzes sugars. sugars ionize in water.

water forms hydrogen bonds with its hydroxyl groups.