AP Euro ch. 19 (French Revolution)

How had the traditional social categories of France become problematic by the 1780s?

Some groups had special privileges and some had special burdens; traditional prerogatives from the elite groups kept change from taking place

How did Louis XV damage the sense of his sacred authority?

He allowed his common-born mistress to exert tremendous cultural and political influence.

How did the Concordat resolve the crisis over Catholicism in France?

The Concordat gave Catholics freedom to worship freely; however, Napoleon asserted his dominance by nominating bishops, paying the clergy and increasing his control over the church which expanded his control over France

What was the political effect of the attack on the Bastille?

The king's plans to reassert his authority were forestalled, permitting the National Assembly to continue its work

Why did the conflict between the monarchy and the Parlement reemerge after the Seven Years' War?

The monarchy sought to retain emergency taxes after the war ended

In the summer of 1789, what drove the National Assembly towards more radical action?

revolutionary actions by French peasants and the common people of Paris

What laws did the National Assembly pass?

Abolished the French nobility and created a constitutional monarchy and created the Civil Constitution; created constitution of 1789

In the wake of the Great Fear, how did the National Assembly restore order?

Issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (declared man's natural rights and guaranteed equality before the law); they abolished all of the old noble and church privileges

What was Abbé Sieyès's answer to the question, "What is the Third Estate?"

The most useful component of French society; everything

The string of French military victories after the winter of 1793-1794 was largely due to what?

patriotism and the superior numbers supplied by the draft

Who forced the king and the royal family to abandon Versailles and return to Paris?

several thousand Parisian women forced the royal family to abandon Versailles and live in the Tuileries Palace so that they could keep a watchful eye on them

How did the delegates to the Legislative Assembly that convened in October 1791 differ from the delegates to the Estates General/National Assembly?

They were more inexperienced and radical (Estates General/National Assembly was made up of mostly educated and wealthy men, but the Legislative Assembly had new delegates and different character, though they were still educated and prosperous middle class men, they were younger and less cautious)

How did the American Revolution affect the developing political tensions in France?

France had debt from the American Revolution, and they had to enact tax reforms that would affect all societal groups; Ideals of liberty and equality helped fuel revolutions

By July 1794, how had the central government in Paris managed to reassert control over the provinces and gain momentum against the First Coalition?

Its success in harnessing the explosive forces of a planned economy, revolutionary terror, and modern nationalism in a total war effort

How did the French armies offer a mixed message to the people whom they conquered?

armies were abolishing feudalism where they went, but they were also plundering for food and jewels there

Why did members of the Convention turn against Robespierre on 9 Thermidor?

A group of radicals and moderates in the convention feared that they might be the next people that Robespierre killed

How did the reaction of kings and nobles in continental Europe toward the Revolution change over the Revolution's first two years?

At first Europe saw Revolution in France as weakening a competing power but later on began to fear the outcome and events to come

What was the goal of the Committee of Public Safety?

to deal with threats within and outside of France

Why was France unable to manage its debt, even though that debt was much smaller, relative to its population, than the debt of either Great Britain or Holland?

France lacked a central bank, a paper currency, or a system of national credit

As the Jacobins gained power, what was their reaction to women's political activity?

The jacobins took actions to suppress women's participation in political debate, which they perceived as disorderly and a distraction from their proper place in the home

On what basis have revisionist historians rejected the traditional interpretation that the French Revolution has its origins in growing tensions between the nobility and the bourgeoisie?

There were many internal conflicts within the nobility and the bourgeoisie already that may have had more weight on the issue