AP EURO CH 28 test

according to the best estimates about how many people died in ww2?

50 million

Why was west Germany allowed to build and army after 1955?

A Germany army would permit Germany to assist in the defense of Europe from attack by the Soviet Union

How did Mao Zedong gain the support of the peasantry in China?

He promised to expropriate land from the large landowners

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, an anti-soviet military alliance of western govts

Khrushchev's "secret speech" at the Twentieth Party Congress in 1956 was

A surprising attack on Stalin and his crimes

When did Jews in Palestine proclaim the state of Israel?

After the British withdrew from Palestine in 1948

Truman Doctrine

America's policy geared to containing communism to those countries already under Soviet control

Marshall Plan

American plan for providing economic aid to Western Europe to help it rebuild

COMECON (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)

An economic organization of communist states meant to help rebuild Eastern Europe under Soviet auspices

Christian Democrats

Center right political parties that rose to power in Western Europe after the Second World War

In the 1950s and 1960s, what became the basic objective of all Western European govts?

Economic growth

How did the Soviet Union's treatment of Czechoslovakia in 1948 demonstrate its intention to consolidate its hold on Eastern Europe?

Even though the Czech Communist party had won significant electoral support, Stalin still orchestrated the overthrown of the govt and establishment of a one-party Communist dictatorship

The advancement in military weaponry and the space race

Fostered a revolution in computer technology

Which six Western European countries formed the European Economic Community or Common Market in 1957?

France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy, and West Germany

guest worker programs

Govt run programs in Western Europe designed to recruit labor for the booming postwar economy

Why did the Council of Europe fail to evolve into a European Parliament with sovereign rights?

Great Britain consistently opposed conceding any real political and sovereignty to the council

Why did Charles de Gaulle withdraw France from NATO?

He viewed the US as the main threat to French independence

The growth of the middle class in the postwar era has been attributed primarily to

Increased demand for technologists and mangers

How did the Soviet Union initially organize the Eastern European nations as it threw out pro-Nazi regimes?

It created coalition governments of leftist political parties but reserved key government posts for Moscow trained communists

How did the East German government respond to the nationwide demonstrations against poor wages and working conditions in 1953?

It permitted Soviet troops to put down the revolt and jailed demonstrators, but then instituted reforms to respond to the demostrators' strongest demands

Why did Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich create such a sensation when it was published in 1962?

It portrayed in grim detail life in a Stalinist concentration camp

The Bretton Woods agreement of 1944

Linked Western European currencies to the US dollar

The international military tribunal organized by the four Allied powers to try the highest-ranking Nazi military and civilian leaders was held in the city of

Nuremberg

Nonalignment

Policy of post colonial govts to remain neutral in the Cold War and play both the US and the SU for what they could get

Displaced persons

Postwar refugees including 13 million Germans, former Nazi prisoners and forced laborers and orphaned children

How did Big Science foster the Green Revolution?

Research into agriculture greatly increased the world food supply, using fewer workers and resulting in more productivity per acre

Which position did Christian Democrats across Europe endorse during the 1950s?

Socialist economic policies

Warsaw Pact

Soviet backed military alliance of Eastern European nations

What did Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization campaign call for?

The Communist Party to retain its monopoly on political power.

Common Market

The European Economic commmunity,, created by six western euro nations in 1957 as part of a larger search for European unity

To receive Marshall Plan aid, European states were required to cooperate with one another. what was the result of this cooperation?

The Organization for European Economic Cooperation

What was the result of breaking the Berlin blockade in 1948-1949?

The creation of two separate German states:West Germany and East Germany

Which of the following was true of WW2?

The death toll far exceeded that of Ww1

What does neocolonialism refer to?

The idea of a system designed to perpetuate Western economic domination and undermine political independence

De-Stalinization

The liberalization of the post Stalin Soviet Union led by reformer Nikita Khrushchev

Decolonization

The postwar reversal of Europe's oversees expansion caused by the rising demand of the colonized peoples themselves the declining power of European nations and the freedoms promised by US and Soviet ideals

At the time of the Yalta Conference in 1945, why was the position of the Soviet Union much stronger in negotiations with the US and Great Britain?

TheSoviet army already occupied much of Eastern Europe

After the war, why did national governments quickly establish authority over questions of guilt and punishment for those who had collaborated with the Nazi regimes?

Unofficial groups were seizing and executing alleged collaborators on their own

how did the soviet union and eastern european communist regimes treat displaced persons returning home after the war?

as politically unreliable because of their exposure to western european society

the ultimate goal of the plan for an international organization to coordinate coal and steel production in Europe in the 1950s was to

bind the six members of the european coal and steel community so closely that war would be impossible

what did the west german minister of the economy do in 1957 to foster economic growth?

he emphasized free market capitalism

after ww2 the soviet union

reestablished a harsh dictatorship