AP European History Geography

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Crete

A Greek island in the Mediterranean Sea, southeast of Greece, also the largest Greek island

Aegean Sea

A body of water by Mediterranean Sea that touches the borders of Greece & Asia Minor. It also has many islands in it, including Crete.

Balearic Islands

A chain of islands east of Spain, controlled by Spain, frequent holiday spots for Europeans

Meditteranean Sea

A large body of water bordered by Europe, Asia, and Africa

Balkan Peninsula

A large peninsula in southern Europe bounded by the Black, Aegean, and Adriatic seas.

Caspian Sea

A large saltwater lake between Iran and Russia fed by the Volga River, world's largest inland body of water located between Europe and Asia

Carpathian Mountains

A mountain range in central Europe that extends from Slovakia and southern Poland southeastward through western Ukraine to northeastern Romania.

Pyrenees Mountains

A mountain range that extends along the border between France and Spain

Apennies

A mountain range that extends down the Italian Peninsula

Peninsula

A piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.

Rhine River

A river in Western Europe that flows from eastern Switzerland into the North Sea.

Rhône River

A river that flows through Switzerland and France to the Mediterranean Sea.

Iceland

An island and country between American and Europe just below the arctic circle

Malta

An island ocated in the central Mediterranean between Sicily and the North African coast

Cyprus

An island that is part of Nicosia

Don River

Begins south of Moscow and empties into the Black Sea, Russia's second most important river

Atlantic Ocean

Between the Americas and Europe/ Asia

Genoa, Italy

Birthplace of Christopher Columbus, in Liguria Italy

Florence, Italy

Birthplace of the Renaissance, a city just north of Rome

English Channel

Body of water between Great Britain and France

Baltic Sea

Borders many Northern European countries, such as Sweden, Russia, Lithuania, and Poland

Brussels, Belgium

Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium.

Minsk, Belarus

Capital of Belarus, situated on the Nyamiha river

Aachen, Germany

Capital of Charlemagne's empire, c. 800; a city in present-day Germany

Copenhagen, Denmark

Capital of Denmark

Paris, France

Capital of France, it is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Ile-de-France region.

Berlin, Germany

Capital of Germany

Budapest, Hungary

Capital of Hungary

Reyjavik, Iceland

Capital of Iceland, on the southwestern side of the island

Dublin, Ireland

Capital of Ireland

Oslo, Norway

Capital of Norway

Moscow, Russia

Capital of Russia, located in inland Russia next to Moskva river

Dresden, Saxony

Capital of Saxony

Edinburgh, Scotland

Capital of Scotland

Barcelona, Spain

Capital of Spain's Catalonia region, is known for its art and architecture

London, England

Capital of United Kingdom, standing on the River Thames in the south-east of England

Amsterdam, Netherlands

Capital of the Netherlands, called the city of sins

Manchester, England

City found in England

Venice, Italy

City that controlled important trade routes to the North and East. Canals serve as its "streets". Made up of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges.

Alps

Europe's Largest Mountain system, going through France, Monaco, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia.

Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Frankfurt is located on both sides of the Main River, south-east of the Taunus mountain range.

Helsinki, Finland

Helsinki is the capital and largest city of Finland. It's positioned on the edge of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea.

Sardinia

Large Italian island west of the Italian peninsula,

Black sea

Large body of water separating Ukraine from Turkey

Leipzig, Germany

Largest city in the state of saxony

Milan, Italy

Located in northern Italy

Sevilla, spain

Located in southern most Spain, birth place of flamenco

Gdańsk, Poland

Located on the Baltic coast

Loire River

Longest river in France

Naples, Italy

Naples is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan, south of rome

Belfast, Ireland

Northern Ireland's capital. It was the birthplace of the RMS Titanic

Bay of Biscay

Part of Atlantic, bordered west coast of France, north coast of Spain

Iberian Peninsula

Peninsula in southwestern Europe occupied by Spain and Portugal

Prague, Czech Republic

Prague is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 14th largest city in the European Union and the historical capital of Bohemia. Situated in the northwest of Czechia on the Vltava river

Po River

River in northern Italy that flows to the Adriatic Sea, longest river in italy

Bucharest, Romania

Romania's capital

Rome, Italy

Rome, Italian Roma, historic city and capital of Roma provincia (province), of Lazio regione (region), and of the country of Italy. Rome is located in the central portion of the Italian peninsula, on the Tiber River about 15 miles inland from the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Balkan Mountain Range

Runs through Bulgaria to eastern Serbia

Sarajevo, Bosnia

Sarajevo, capital and cultural centre of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies in the narrow valley of the Miljacka River at the foot of Mount Trebević.

Adriatic Sea

Sea on the eastern side of Italy

Geneva, Switzerland

Second biggest city in Switzerland, where the Rhône river exits Lake Geneva

Cities

Served as centers of trade, public performance, and political administration (for example Athens, Carthage, and Teotihucan)

Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia's development as a significant settlement owes much to its central position in the Balkans. It is situated in western Bulgaria, at the northern foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the Sofia Valley that is surrounded by the Balkan mountains to the north.

Stockholm, Sweden

Stockholm, capital and largest city of Sweden. Stockholm is located at the junction of Lake Mälar (Mälaren) and Salt Bay (Saltsjön), an arm of the Baltic Sea, opposite the Gulf of Finland.

Dardenelles Strait

Strait in Turckey that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara

Istanbul, Turkey

The Hagia Sophia is located here, and is also in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region. The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side and an Asian, Anatolian side.

Corsica

The Island where Napoleon was born, off the coast of France

Archangel, Russia

The administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia

Toledo, Spain

The ancient city of Toledo stands on a hill above the Castilla-La Mancha plains of central Spain. The city is well known for its mixture of Christian, Arab and Jewish monuments

Madrid, Spain

The capital and largest city of spain

Bern, Switzerland

The capital city of Switzerland, is built around a crook in the Aare River

Vienna, Austria

The capital of Austria, Vienna is located in northeastern Austria, at the easternmost extension of the Alps in the Vienna Basin.

Athens, Greece

The capital of Greece, birth place of democracy

Lisbon, Portugal

The capital of Portugal, perched on seven hills, is the second oldest European capital behind Athens

Belgrade, Serbia

The capital of Serbia

Kiev, Ukraine

The capital of Ukraine

Thames River

The largest river in england, runs through london and empties into the North Sea

Volga River

The longest river in Europe and Russia's most important commercial river.

Oder River

The river that makes the border between Russia and Germany, empties into the Baltic

Danube River

The second-longest river of Europe. It flows from southern Germany east into the Black Sea.

Ural Mountains

This north-south range separates Siberia from the rest of Russia. It is commonly considered the boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia, extends from the arctic to the Caspian Sea

Tirane, Albania

Tirana, city, capital of Albania. It is the country's main industrial center and its largest city. Tirana lies 17 miles ( 27 km) east of the Adriatic Sea coast and along the Ishm River

Warsaw, Poland

Warsaw, Polish Warszawa, city, capital of Poland. Located in the east-central part of the country

Seine River

a French river that flows through the heart of Paris and then northward into the English Channel

Crimean Peninsula

a Ukranian peninsula that extends into the Black Sea

Italian Peninsula

a boot-shaped peninsula in southern Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea

Mountains

a large natural elevation of the earth's surface rising abruptly from the surrounding level; a large steep hill.

Rivers

a large natural stream of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another such stream.

Bosporus

a narrow strait in Turkey that connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Black Sea

Islands

a piece of land surrounded by water

Vistula River

a river in Poland that flows 678 miles from the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic Sea

North Sea

an arm of the North Atlantic between the British Isles and Scandinavia

St. Petersburg

capital city and major port that Peter the Great established in 1703 in russia

Bodies of water

oceans, gulfs, rivers, lakes and so on

Caucasus Mountains

the mountain range in Caucasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea that forms part of the traditional border between Europe and Asia

Strait of Dover

the narrowest point in the English Channel at only twenty-one miles wide

Jutland Peninsula

the peninsula on which Denmark is located

Strait of Gibraltar

the strait between Spain and Africa


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